Up-regulated microRNA-146a negatively modulate Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammatory response in human gastric epithelial cells.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major human pathogenic bacterium in gastric mucosa. However, the regulatory mechanism of H.

A novel composite hydrogel based on chitosan and inorganic phosphate for local drug delivery of camptothecin nanocolloids.

In attempt to overcome the problem of low water solubility and severe toxicity of camptothecin (CPT) after intravenous administration, a novel drug carrier system based on chitosan (CS) and dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) has been developed in this paper to encapsulate CPT intending for local administration. Nanocolloids of CPT with size about 500  nm were first prepared, followed by encapsulation in the chitosan/dibasic sodium phosphate (CS/DSP) formulation. The formulation was sol state below 37°C and transformed to nonflowing gel state at 37°C.

Gel-sol-gel thermo-gelation behavior study of chitosan-inorganic phosphate solutions.

In present study, the feasibility of developing a novel thermo-sensitive hydrogel suitable for injectable formulations based on chitosan and inorganic phosphate was demonstrated. The physicochemical and rheological changes of chitosan/dibasic sodium phosphate solutions as in function with temperature were investigated in order to gain a better understanding of gelation process. According to the result of rheological study, there are two phase transition points as in function with temperature, corresponding to 30 degrees C and 43 degrees C.

Biodegradable self-assembled PEG-PCL-PEG micelles for hydrophobic honokiol delivery: I. Preparation and characterization.

This study aims to develop self-assembled poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG, PECE) micelles to encapsulate hydrophobic honokiol (HK) in order to overcome its poor water solubility and to meet the requirement of intravenous administration. Honokiol loaded micelles (HK-micelles) were prepared by self-assembly of PECE copolymer in aqueous solution, triggered by its amphiphilic characteristic assisted by ultrasonication without any organic solvents, surfactants and vigorous stirring. The particle size of the prepared HK-micelles measured by Malvern laser particle size analyzer were 58 nm, which is small enough to be a candidate for an intravenous drug delivery system.

[Transurethral partial cystectomy using a 2 microm continuous wave laser in treatment of bladder carcinoma: 1-year follow-up].

Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical features of bladder tumor patients who received transurethral partial cystectomy by 2 microm continuous wave laser, in 1 year post operation follow-up visits.

Methods: From December 2007 to May 2008, 47 bladder carcinoma patients were treated with 2 microm laser transurethrally under sacral block. Operation characteristics, operation time, intraoperative hemorrhages and postoperative complications, and pathology staging of the tumor were observed and postoperative follow-up visits were performed.

Preparation and characterization of n-hydroxyapatite/PCL-pluronic-PCL nanocomposites for tissue engineering.

In this paper, a new kind of polymeric nanocomposite materials based on nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and PCL-Pluronic-PCL (PCFC) copolymer were prepared by in situ combination method. Firstly, the PCFC copolymer was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone initiated by Pluronic (PEG-PPG-PEG); Secondly, n-HA powder were combined with PCFC to form polymeric composites in the presence of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). The obtained composites were characterized by 1H-NMR, FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM, DTA/TGA, and tensile testing.

Helicobacter pylori-induced Th17 responses modulate Th1 cell responses, benefit bacterial growth, and contribute to pathology in mice.

CD4(+) T cell responses are critical for the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. The present study evaluated the role of the Th17 subset in H. pylori infection.

[Establishment of a goat model of tibial bone hole defect suitable for repair using injectable bone materials].

Objective: To prepare a goat model of tibial bone hole defect suitable for studies of bone defect repair using tissue-engineered injectable bone materials.

Methods: A circular hole bone defect 1.2 cm in diameter was induced below the tibial medial plateau of the goat.

Psychological stress enhances the colonization of the stomach by Helicobacter pylori in the BALB/c mouse.

Helicobacter pylori infection is a risk factor for development of peptic ulcers, and psychological stress (PS) may have a role in the pathogenesis of this condition. However, no interaction between PS and H. pylori infection (HI) has been established in the development of peptic ulcer, because colonization by H.

Synthesis and characterization of poly(methoxyl ethylene glycol-caprolactone-co-methacrylic acid-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) pH-sensitive hydrogel for delivery of dexamethasone.

In this work, a novel pH-sensitive hydrogels based on macromonomer of methoxyl poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(caprolactone)-acryloyl chloride (MPEG-PCL-AC, PCE-AC), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MPEGMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA) were successfully synthesized by heat-initiated free radical polymerization method. The obtained macromonomers and hydrogels were characterized by (1)H NMR and FT-IR, respectively. Morphology study, swelling behavior, in vitro drug release behavior, acute oral toxicity of hydrogels, and cytotoxicity of PCE-AC macromonomer were also investigated in this paper.

[Histopathologic analysis of 2 micron continuous wave laser for the partial cystectomy of bladder urothelial carcinoma].

Objective: To observe the histopathologic characteristics of 2 micron continuous wave laser transurethral partial cystectomy for the treatment of bladder tumor.

Methods: A total of 54 patients with 65 bladder tumors underwent 2 micron laser via transurethral by caudal or surface anesthesia from October 2007 to December 2008. It included 41 male and 13 female cases, and the age ranged from 27 to 81 years old with a mean of (66.

Safety evaluation of amphiphilic three-armed star-shaped copolymer micelles.

In our previous work, we had prepared a biodegradable amphiphilic three-armed star-shaped copolymers (SPCE) based on poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), which could form micelles by self-assembly method and it was a potential carrier for hydrophobic drug. For further application, the safety of SPCE micelles was evaluated in vitro and in vivo here. (13)C-NMR was used to confirm the formation of the micelles in aqueous solution, and the morphology was observed on transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Injectable biodegradable thermosensitive hydrogel composite for orthopedic tissue engineering. 1. Preparation and characterization of nanohydroxyapatite/poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel nanocomposites.

In this study, we synthesized a biodegradable triblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG, PECE) by ring-opening copolymerization, and nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) powder was prepared by a hydrothermal precipitation method. The obtained n-HA was incorporated into the PECE matrix to prepare injectable thermosensitive hydrogel nanocomposites. (1)H NMR, FT-IR, XRD, DSC, and TEM were used to investigate the properties of PECE copolymer and n-HA/PECE nanocomposites.

A novel composite drug delivery system: honokiol nanoparticles in thermosensitive hydrogel based on chitosan.

In this article, a novel composite drug delivery system, honokiol nanoparticles in biodegradable hydrogels based on chitosan (CS) and beta-glycerophosphate (beta-GP), was prepared. CS/beta-GP solution was liquid at room temperature and turned into gel as temperature increased. With increase in beta-GP concentration, the sol-gel transition temperature decreased accordingly.

Honokiol nanoparticles in thermosensitive hydrogel: therapeutic effects on malignant pleural effusion.

Honokiol (HK) can efficiently inhibit the growth of tumors. However, its clinical applications have been restricted by its extreme hydrophobicity. We hope to improve its water solubility by nanotechnology.

Chitosan-alginate sponge: preparation and application in curcumin delivery for dermal wound healing in rat.

A biodegradable sponge, composed of chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SA), was successfully obtained in this work. The sponge was ethereal and pliable. The chemical structure and morphology of the sponges was characterized by FTIR and SEM.

Transdermal anaesthesia with lidocaine nano-formulation pretreated with low-frequency ultrasound in rats model.

Rapid local transdermal anaesthetic is desirable in clinic. In this paper, lidocaine loaded poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL) nanoparticles were prepared, and a novel transdermal lidocaine formulation: lidocaine loaded PCL-PEG-PCL nanoparticles in F127 hydrogel (Nano-Lido Gel), was demonstrated. These lidocaine loaded PCL-PEG-PCL nanoparticles with mean particle size of ca.

Preparation and characterization of vitamin-12 loaded biodegradable pH-sensitive microgels.

This paper prepared novel biodegradable and pH-sensitive microgels based on Poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-Pluronic-Poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-dimethacrylate (PCFC-DMA), Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEG-DMA) and methylacrylic acid (MAA) cross-linked with N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS), initiated by NaHSO(3), K(2)S(2)O(8). The blank microgels were prepared by inversed-phase suspension polymerization method and pH sensitivity of microgels was characterized. Then the blank microgels were loaded with hydrophilic model drug vitamin-12 (VB-12) and in vitro drug release behaviour was also studied here.

Efficient adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to gastric tissue by oral administration.

Background: Recombinant adenoviruses (rAd) are well-characterized viral vectors and have been studied in many human diseases. However, there are no detailed methods for transferring genes to the stomach using rAd.

Methods: Gastric epithelial cells were infected with rAd encoding green fluorescence protein (AdGFP) for different times, or with AdGFP that had been incubated in artificial gastric juice at different pH values for 1 h.

Biodegradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers as drug delivery system.

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL-PEG) copolymers are important synthetic biomedical materials with amphiphilicity, controlled biodegradability, and great biocompatibility. They have great potential application in the fields of nanotechnology, tissue engineering, pharmaceutics, and medicinal chemistry. This review introduced several aspects of PCL-PEG copolymers, including synthetic chemistry, PCL-PEG micro/nanoparticles, PCL-PEG hydrogels, and physicochemical and toxicological properties.

Induction of microRNA-155 during Helicobacter pylori infection and its negative regulatory role in the inflammatory response.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level. H. pylori is a major human pathogenic bacterium in gastric mucosa.

[Initial experience of partial cystectomy in treatment of bladder tumor by 2 microm continuous wave laser].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of partial cystectomy in treatment of bladder tumor by 2 microm continuous wave laser.

Methods: A total of 18 patients with 21 bladder tumors treated by 2 microm laser via transurethral under sacral block. The diameters of tumors were between 1-3 cm.

Polymeric matrix for drug delivery: honokiol-loaded PCL-PEG-PCL nanoparticles in PEG-PCL-PEG thermosensitive hydrogel.

In this article, we demonstrated a novel injectable polymer matrix: honokiol (HK) loaded poly (epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL, PCEC) nanoparticles in thermosensitive poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG, PECE) hydrogel for the drug local delivery. First, HK, as a model hydrophobic drug, was loaded into PCL-PEG-PCL nanoparticles by emulsion solvent evaporation method to overcome its poor water solubility. Then, the HK-loaded PCEC nanoparticles (HK-PCEC) were incorporated into thermosensitive PEG-PCL-PEG hydrogel, which was sol at low temperature and could gel as a depot for sustained release of drug in situ after topical injection.

Transurethral partial cystectomy with continuous wave laser for bladder carcinoma.

Purpose: To our knowledge we established a new technique to vaporize and incise the full-thickness bladder wall and peel off the entire muscular layers with a 2 microm continuous wave laser to treat bladder carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Nine patients were treated transurethrally with a 2 microm laser under sacral block. This 2 microm laser was used to incise the full-thickness bladder wall around the tumors.