Treatment of swine manure by hydrothermal carbonization: The influential effect and preliminary mechanism of surfactants.

Treatment of swine manure by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) with the aid of different surfactants was first explored in this study. PEG 400 (polyethylene glycol 400) and Tween 80 facilitated the formation of bio-oil. SLS (sodium lignosulfonate) and SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) promoted the formation of water-soluble matters/gases.

Facile Preparation of Hydrophobic PLA/PBE Micro-Nanofiber Fabrics via the Melt-Blown Process for High-Efficacy Oil/Water Separation.

Polylactic acid (PLA) micro-nanofiber fabrics with a large specific surface area and excellent biodegradability are commonly used in oil/water separation; however, challenges remain due to their poor mechanical properties. Herein, a thermoplastic polylactic acid/propylene-based elastomer (PLA/PBE) polymer was prepared by blending PLA with PBE. Then, PLA/PBE micro-nanofiber fabrics were successfully prepared using a melt-blown process.

Yinchenzhufu decoction protects against alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced acute cholestatic liver injury in mice by ameliorating disordered bile acid homeostasis and inhibiting inflammatory responses.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Intrahepatic cholestasis is a common condition of many liver diseases with few therapies. Yinchenzhufu decoction (YCZFD) is a representative traditional Chinese herbal formula used for treating jaundice and liver disease.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of YCZFD against cholestatic liver injury and reveal its potential mechanism.

Protective effect of herbal medicine Huangqi decoction against chronic cholestatic liver injury by inhibiting bile acid-stimulated inflammation in DDC-induced mice.

Background: Huangqi decoction (HQD), a classic traditional herbal medicine, has been used for liver fibrosis, but its effect on intrahepatic chronic cholestatic liver injury remains unknown.

Purpose: In the present study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of HQD and the underlying molecular mechanisms in 3, 5-diethoxycarbonyl-1, 4-dihydroxychollidine (DDC)-induced chronic cholestatic mice.

Methods: The DDC-induced cholestatic mice were administrated HQD for 4 or 8 weeks.

Protective effect of cultured bear bile powder against dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats.

Natural bear bile has been used for liver disease in East Asia for thousands of years. However, its use has restrictions. In the current study, the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of cultured bear bile powder (CBBP) against hepatic fibrosis were evaluated in a dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced rat model.

Chicken bile powder protects against α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice.

This study explored the effects of chicken bile powder (CBP), a 2000-year-old Chinese medicine, on α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in mice. CBP treatment for 14 days significantly ameliorated ANIT-induced changes in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bile acids, bilirubin, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, and liver tissue morphology. Serum metabolomics showed changes in 24 metabolites in ANIT-exposed mice; 16 of these metabolites were reversed by CBP treatment via two main pathways (bile acid biosynthesis and arachidonic acid metabolism).

Influence of high-carbon basal fertiliser on the structure and composition of a soil microbial community under tobacco cultivation.

Soil microorganisms play a crucial role in cycling soil nutrients and providing organic nutrients for plant growth and development. Fertilisation balances soil fertility and quality, and affects soil microbial communities. Fertilisation is a frontier subject in agricultural and environmental sciences.

Effects of acetaldehyde and L-carnitine on morphology and enzyme activity of myocardial mitochondria in rats.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of acetaldehyde (AA) and L-carnitine (LC) on morphology and enzyme activity of myocardial mitochondria in rats. Sixty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group (n = 20), the AA low-dose group (n = 15), the AA high-dose group (n = 15) and the AA + LC group (n = 15). Different doses (110 mg/kg and 220 mg/kg) AA was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 4 weeks.

Predictive factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus remission following bariatric surgery: a meta-analysis.

Background: Although a few studies have been reported on predictive factors of postoperative diabetes remission, the conclusions remain inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the preoperative clinical factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission after bariatric surgery.

Methods: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched.

Theoretical study on a series of iridium complexes with low efficiency roll-off property.

A series of heteroleptic cyclometalated Ir (III) complexes for OLEDs application have been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures and spectroscopic properties. The geometries, electronic structures, and the lowest-lying singlet absorptions and triplet emissions of (piq)₂Ir(acac) (labeled 1) and theoretically designed models (piq)₂Ir(dpis) (labeled 2), (4Fpiq)₂Ir(dpis) (labeled 3), (4F5M-piq)₂Ir(dpis) (labeled 4), (4,5-2F-piq)₂Ir(dpis) (labeled 5) and (5-F-piq)₂Ir(dpis) (labeled 6) were investigated with density functional theory (DFT)-based approaches, where, piq=1-phenylisoquinolato, acac=acetylacetonate and dpis=diphenylimidodisilicate. Their structures in the ground and excited states have been optimized at the DFT/B3LYP/LANL2DZ and TDDFT/B3LYP/LANL2DZ levels, and the lowest absorptions and emissions were evaluated at B3LYP and M062X level of theory, respectively.

Relationship Between Hematocrit Level and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Community-Based Population.

Background: This study aimed to determine the relationship between hematocrit (HCT) levels and cardiovascular risk factors in a community-based population of middle-aged adults.

Methods: From April 2011 to February 2012, a total of 1,884 middle-aged adults were selected from a community-based population in China. Blood and urine samples were collected for routine blood and urine tests, and measurement of plasma glucose and lipid levels.

Correlation between postoperative weight loss and diabetes mellitus remission: a meta-analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of percent excess weight loss (%EWL) after bariatric surgery on diabetes remission.

Methods: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL were searched. All reports on %EWL involving humans and published in English between 1 January 1992 and 1 September 2013 were included in the analysis.

Tetramethylpyrazine attenuates atherosclerosis development and protects endothelial cells from ox-LDL.

Purpose: We assessed whether tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an active ingredient of Ligusticum wallichii Franchat, attenuates atherosclerosis (AS) development in rabbits and protects endothelial cells injured by ox-LDL.

Methods: In vivo, rabbits subjected to atherosclerosis were treated with TMP (75 and 150 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 12 weeks. In vitro, rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) were stimulated by ox-LDL.

Paeoniflorin protects against ischemia-induced brain damages in rats via inhibiting MAPKs/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses.

Paeoniflorin (PF), the principal component of Paeoniae Radix prescribed in traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to exhibit many pharmacological effects including protection against ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of PF on cerebral ischemia are still under investigation. The present study showed that PF treatment for 14 days could significantly inhibit transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced over-activation of astrocytes and microglia, and prevented up-regulations of pro-inflamamtory mediators (TNFα, IL-1β, iNOS, COX(2) and 5-LOX) in plasma and brain.

Multiple-stripe lithiation mechanism of individual SnO2 nanowires in a flooding geometry.

The atomic scale lithiation mechanism of individual SnO2 nanowires in a flooding geometry was revealed by in situ transmission electron microscopy. The lithiation was initiated by the formation of multiple stripes with a width of a few nanometers parallel to the (020) plane traversing the entire wires, serving as multiple reaction fronts for later stages of lithiation. Inside the stripes, we identified a high density of dislocations and enlarged interplanar spacing, which provided an effective path for lithium ion transport.

Induction and flow cytometry identification of tetraploids from seed-derived explants through colchicine treatments in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.

The tetraploid plants of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don was obtained by colchicine induction from seeds explants, and the ploidy of the plants was identified by flow cytometry.

Genome sequence of the Enterobacter mori type strain, LMG 25706, a pathogenic bacterium of Morus alba L.

Enterobacter mori is a plant-pathogenic enterobacterium responsible for the bacterial wilt of Morus alba L. Here we present the draft genome sequence of the type strain, LMG 25706. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genome sequence of a plant-pathogenic bacterium in the genus Enterobacter.

Synthesis and upconversion luminescence of NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/TiO2 nanocrystal colloidal solution.

NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconversion nanocrystals were synthesized with oleic acid as a capping ligand. The as-prepared samples were redispersed in cyclohexane, forming transparent and stable solutions which perform bright blue upconversion. Inducing TiO2 as the outer layer of the fluoride cores, we investigated the effect of TiO2 on the upconversion process.

[Correlation of multiple primary lung cancer with bronchial and alveolar epithelial dysplasia].

Objective: To investigate the correlation of multiple primary lung cancer with bronchial epithelial dysplasia and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of bronchiolo-alveolar epithelium.

Methods: Careful pathological examinations were performed on 114 surgical specimens of primary lung carcinoma. The correlation of multiple primary lung cancer with bronchial epithelial dysplasia and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of bronchiolo-alveolar epithelium was analyzed.

Extended radical operation of pancreatic head cancer: appraisal of its clinical significance.

Aim: To evaluate the significance of extended radical operation and its indications.

Methods: Between January 1995 and December 1998, 56 inpatients with pancreatic head cancer received operation. Among them 35 patients (group 1) experienced the Whipple operation, and 21 patients (group 2) received the extended radical operation.

[Significance of extended radical resection for cancer of pancreatic head].

Objective: To evaluate the significance of extended radical resection in the treatment of pancreatic head cancer and its indication.

Methods: Between Jan. 1995 and Dec.

Risk factors influencing recurrence following resection of pancreatic head cancer.

Aim: Whether operative procedure is a risk factor influencing recurrence following resection of carcinoma in the head of pancreas or not remains controversies. In this text we compared the recurrence rate of two operative procedure: the Whipple procedure and extended radical operation, and inquired into the factors influencing recurrence after radical resection.

Methods: From January 1995 to December 1998, 35 cases of carcinoma of pancreas underwent the Whipple operadure, 21 patients received the Extended radical operation.