In-situ surface reconstruction of Co-based imidazole zeolite framework by Mo etching for superior water oxidation.

Although zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) possess the merits of orderly porosity, high permeability, and easy functionalization, the transformation of ZIFs into the real active species and the promotion of the catalytic efficiency and stability are still challenging. Herein, CoMo-based three-dimensional (3D) hollow nanocages composed of interconnected nanosheets are fabricated by in-situ etching metal-organic framework (ZIF-67) under the aid of MoO. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in-situ Raman confirm that Mo leaching can accelerate surface reconstruction and generate CoOOH active sites after continuous oxidation.

Vascular network-inspired diffusible scaffolds for engineering functional neural organoids.

Organoids, three-dimensional in vitro organ-like tissue cultures derived from stem cells, show promising potential for developmental biology, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. However, the function and phenotype of current organoids, especially neural organoids, are still limited by insufficient diffusion of oxygen, nutrients, metabolites, signaling molecules, and drugs. Herein, we present Vascular network-Inspired Diffusible (VID) scaffolds to fully recapture the benefits of physiological diffusion physics for generating functional organoids and phenotyping their drug response.

Sensors and Devices Guided by Artificial Intelligence for Personalized Pain Medicine.

Personalized pain medicine aims to tailor pain treatment strategies for the specific needs and characteristics of an individual patient, holding the potential for improving treatment outcomes, reducing side effects, and enhancing patient satisfaction. Despite existing pain markers and treatments, challenges remain in understanding, detecting, and treating complex pain conditions. Here, we review recent engineering efforts in developing various sensors and devices for addressing challenges in the personalized treatment of pain.

Biomimetic Gd-Metal-Organic Framework Radiosensitizer for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Radiotherapy toward Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Radiotherapy (RT) is recognized as a primary treatment modality for Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, enhancing RT's targeting accuracy and selectivity remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present an innovative radiosensitizer, Gd-metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanocarrier coated with indocyanine green (ICG) and red blood cell membrane (RBCM), designed to bypass immune clearance and achieve prolonged circulation within the bloodstream.

Assessing Cerebral Microvascular Volumetric Pulsatility with High-Resolution 4D CBV MRI at 7T.

Arterial pulsation is crucial for promoting fluid circulation and for influencing neuronal activity. Previous studies assessed the pulsatility index based on blood flow velocity pulsatility in relatively large cerebral arteries of human. Here, we introduce a novel method to quantify the volumetric pulsatility of cerebral microvasculature across cortical layers and in white matter (WM), using high-resolution 4D vascular space occupancy (VASO) MRI with simultaneous recording of pulse signals at 7T.

The role of mitochondrial autophagy in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative joint disease, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of OA remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between mitochondrial autophagy and OA by identifying key regulatory genes and their biological functions. Utilizing bioinformatics analyses of RNA expression profiles from the GSE55235 dataset, we identified 2,136 differentially expressed genes, leading to the discovery of hub genes associated with mitochondrial autophagy and OA.

Optimal fasting duration for mice as assessed by metabolic status.

In the study of obesity and diabetes, mice are widely used for experimental research, and fasting is a common procedure used to reset metabolism in mouse models. The fasting duration for experimental mice varies greatly in nutritional and metabolic studies, ranging from 2 to 48 h. This study aims to assess the optimal fasting duration for mice fed low- and high-fat diets over a short period of time.

Functional analysis of novel cystatins from Haemaphysalis doenitzi and evaluation of their roles in cypermethrin and λ-cyhalothrin resistance.

Currently, the primary strategy for tick control relies on chemical agents. Pyrethrins, which are botanically derived compounds, have demonstrated efficacy in controlling ticks without posing a risk to human or animal health. However, research into pyrethrins' metabolic mechanisms remains sparse.

Analysis of Rheological Properties and Regeneration Mechanism of Recycled Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Block Copolymer (SBS) Modified Asphalt Binder Using Different Rejuvenators.

The regeneration performance of an aged styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) will be significantly influenced by different rejuvenators. The objective of this study was to comparatively investigate the regeneration effect of different SBS-modified asphalt regenerators on aged SBS-modified asphalt. Four types of different regenerant formulations were selected.

Study on the Factors Affecting the Self-Healing Performance of Graphene-Modified Asphalt Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation.

To comprehensively understand the impact of various environmental factors on the self-healing process of graphene-modified asphalt, this study employs molecular dynamics simulation methods to investigate the effects of aging degree (unaged, short-term aged, long-term aged), asphalt type (base asphalt, graphene-modified asphalt), healing temperature (20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C), and damage degree (5 Å, 10 Å, 15 Å) on the self-healing performance of asphalt. The validity of the established asphalt molecular models was verified based on four physical quantities: density, radial distribution function analysis, glass transition temperature, and cohesive energy density. The simulated healing time for the asphalt crack model was set to 200 ps.

Prenatal diagnosis of the recurrent 1q21.1 microdeletions in fetuses with ultrasound anomalies and review of the literature.

Objective: The recurrent 1q21.1 microdeletion syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder and is characterized by dysmorphic facial features, microcephaly, developmental delay, and congenital defects. However, most studies on the distal deletions in the 1q21.

Photoinduced HCl-Mediated Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Quinolines with Alcohols and Ethers.

Via light irradiation, cross-dehydrogenative coupling of quinolines with alcohols and ethers was achieved under mild conditions. A stoichiometric amount of HCl and room temperature were necessary to promote the reaction. A green Minisci-type cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction was performed without an oxidant or a transition-metal catalyst.

Novel mechanism of MicroRNA408 in callus formation from rice mature embryo.

Mature embryos are the main explants of tissue culture used in rice transgenic technology. However, the mechanism of mature embryo callus formation remains unclear. In this study, a microRNA-mediated gene regulatory network of rice calli was established using degradome sequencing.

Lysosomal TFEB-TRPML1 Axis in Astrocytes Modulates Depressive-like Behaviors.

Lysosomes are important cellular structures for human health as centers for recycling, signaling, metabolism and stress adaptation. However, the potential role of lysosomes in stress-related emotions has long been overlooked. Here, it is found that lysosomal morphology in astrocytes is altered in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of susceptible mice after chronic social defeat stress.

Soybean oil induces neuroinflammatory response through brain-gut axis under high-fat diet.

Neuroinflammation is considered the principal pathogenic mechanism underlying neurodegenerative diseases, and the incidence of brain disorders is closely linked to dietary fat consumption and intestinal health. To investigate this relationship, 60 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a 20-week dietary intervention, wherein they were fed lard and soybean oil, each at 15% and 35% fat energy. At a dietary fat energy level of 35%, inflammation was observed in both the soybean oil and lard groups.

Hypothalamic SLC7A14 accounts for aging-reduced lipolysis in white adipose tissue of male mice.

The central nervous system has been implicated in the age-induced reduction in adipose tissue lipolysis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show the expression of SLC7A14 is reduced in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of aged mice.

Soil eDNA biomonitoring reveals changes in multitrophic biodiversity and ecological health of agroecosystems.

Soil health is integral to sustainable agroecosystem management. Current monitoring and assessment practices primarily focus on soil physicochemical properties, yet the perspective of multitrophic biodiversity remains underexplored. Here we used environmental DNA (eDNA) technology to monitor multitrophic biodiversity in four typical agroecosystems, and analyzed the species composition and diversity changes in fungi, bacteria and metazoan, and combined with the traditional physicochemical variables to establish a soil health assessment framework centered on biodiversity data.