[Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Carbon Stock Changes and Driving Mechanism in Xinjiang Region by Coupled PLUS-InVEST-Geodector Model].

Based on the goal of "dual-carbon" strategy, it is important to explore the impacts of land use change on carbon stock and the drivers of spatial differentiation of carbon stock in Xinjiang. Here, we predicted the land use types in Xinjiang in 2035 under different scenarios and analyzed the impacts of land use on carbon stock, which is of great theoretical and practical importance for policy formulation, land use structure adjustment, and carbon neutrality target achievement in Xinjiang. The coupled PLUS-InVEST-Geodector model was used to explore the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon stock change under the scenarios of rapid development, natural change, arable land protection, and ecological protection in Xinjiang in 2035 and to quantitatively reveal the attribution of influences on the changes in carbon stock from the perspectives of land use change and the combination of nature-socioeconomic-accessibility.

[Seasonal variation of water utilization sources and responses to precipitation in the dominant species of broad-leaved and needle-leaved mixed forests in Mount Lushan, China].

Elucidating the seasonal patterns of water sources for dominant species in the sub-tropical humid mountainous forest, analyzing the eco-hydrological complementarity and competition mechanisms among coexisting species, investigating the responses of plant water utilization to precipitation, could provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and management. Based on the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope technique, we analyzed the δH and δO characteristics of precipitation, xylem water from and , and soil water from 0-100 cm depth in Mount Lushan, China. The MixSIAR model, Levins index, and PS index were used to calculate the relative contribution rate of each water source, the hydrological niche breadth, and niche overlap of and .

[Clinical observation of minimally invasive extraction of lower third molar by retaining the buccal bone plate].

Purpose: To explore the effect of extracting the completely impacted teeth by minimally invasive surgery with preserving the buccal bone plate.

Methods: Eighty-six cases were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group, a fenestration was made with a ball drill to expose the buccal and lingual margin of crown, and the buccal bone plate was preserved.

[Ecological Environment Assessment and Driving Mechanism Analysis of Nagqu and Amdo Sections of Qinghai-Xizang Highway Based on Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index].

The ecological environment along the Qinghai-Xizang highway is an important part of the construction of the ecological civilization in the Xizang region, and current research generally suffers from difficulties in data acquisition, low timeliness, and failure to consider the unique "alpine saline" environmental conditions in the study area due to the unique geographical environment of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau. Based on the GEE platform and the unique geographical environment of the study area, the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was improved, and a new saline remote sensing ecological index (SRSEI) applicable to the alpine saline region was constructed by using principal component analysis as an ecological environment quality evaluation index. The spatial distribution pattern and temporal variation trend of ecological environment quality along the Qinghai-Xizang Highway Nagqu-Amdo section were analyzed at multiple spatial and temporal scales using the ArcGIS 10.

Reduced-dose radiotherapy for Epstein-Barr virus DNA selected staged III nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Radiotherapy-related toxicities of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) caused by a standard dose of 70 Gy remain a critical issue. Therefore, we assessed whether a radiotherapy dose of 60 Gy was non-inferior to the standard dose in patients with low-risk stage III NPC with a favourable response to induction chemotherapy (IC).

Patients And Methods: We did a single-arm, single-centre, phase II clinical trial in China.

Camrelizumab combined with apatinib in patients with first-line platinum-resistant or PD-1 inhibitor resistant recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Immunotherapy combined with antiangiogenic targeted therapy has improved the treatment of certain solid tumors, but effective regimens remain elusive for refractory recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC). We conducted a phase 2 trial to evaluate the safety and activity of camrelizumab plus apatinib in platinum-resistant (cohort 1, NCT04547088) and PD-1 inhibitor resistant NPC (cohort 2, NCT04548271). Here we report on the primary outcome of objective response rate (ORR) and secondary endpoints of safety, duration of response, disease control rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant cisplatin-gemcitabine versus cisplatin-fluorouracil chemotherapy for N2-3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Patients with N2-3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma have a high risk of treatment being unsuccessful despite the current practice of using a concurrent adjuvant cisplatin-fluorouracil regimen. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of concurrent adjuvant cisplatin-gemcitabine with cisplatin-fluorouracil in N2-3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial at four cancer centres in China.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors affecting survival after radical radiotherapy for early and late post-treatment metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: We compared the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes after radical radiotherapy between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with early and late metastases based on a relatively large cohort, which provides valuable data for the planning of clinical surveillance strategies.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective analysis of 10,566 patients who received radical radiotherapy in China from January 2000 to December 2016. Overall survival was the primary endpoint.

Apolipoprotein E*Ɛ2 carriers exhibit high aspirin-treated platelet reactivity and low cardiovascular risk during long-term aspirin treatment.

Objective: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) loci, including rs429358 (Ɛ4) and rs7412 (Ɛ2), are involved in cardiovascular (CV) health. However, their effect on the CV-protective effect of aspirin remains unknown.

Methods: A total of 515 aspirin-treated individuals with existing CV diseases were recruited, and their APOE genotypes, platelet functions and other routine laboratory parameters were assessed when they enrolled.

Deintensified Chemoradiotherapy for Pretreatment Epstein-Barr Virus DNA-Selected Low-Risk Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Phase II Randomized Noninferiority Trial.

Purpose: Cumulative doses of 200 mg/m for concurrent cisplatin (DDP) were indicated by retrospective studies as sufficient in conferring survival benefit for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). We performed an open-label, phase II, randomized, controlled trial to test the noninferiority of a two-cycle 100 mg/m concurrent DDP regimen over three-cycle in patients with low-risk LA-NPC with pretreatment Epstein-Barr virus DNA levels < 4,000 copies/mL.

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive two cycles or three cycles concurrent DDP-based chemoradiotherapy.

[Erosion process of loess slope and influencing factors in the loess hilly-gully region, China].

Rainfall intensity, slope length, and slope gradient are the important factors affecting runoff and sediment yield. In order to quantitatively analyze the effects of rainfall intensity, slope length, and slope gradient on the erosion process of Ansai loess slope in loess hilly and gully region, we analyzed the variation of runoff and sediment yield on Ansai loess with two slope lengths (5, 10 m), three slopes (5°, 10°, 15°) and two rainfall intensities (60, 90 mm·h) in an indoor simulated rainfall experiment. The results showed that the initial runoff generation time decreased with the increases of slope length, though the overall change was not significant.

Identifying distinct risks of treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Study based on the dynamic changes in peripheral blood lymphocytes, monocytes, N classification, and plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA.

Background: To evaluate the prognostic value of the dynamic change in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) and absolute monocyte counts (AMCs) and identify patients with N stage and plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA levels in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who are at risk of treatment failure.

Methods: A total of 1124 eligible patients with Stage II-IVb NPC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) were enrolled. Percentage changes in the ALC (ΔALC%) and AMC (ΔAMC%) were calculated.

Effects of thinning intensity on the understory water-holding capacity of var. plantation in the Bashang area of north China.

The complex terrain and poor climatic conditions in Bashang area of Hebei Province result in water and soil loss and geological disasters, which pose a serious threat to ecological safety in North China. In order to improve local environmental quality, barren-resistant and fast-growing tree species such as var. and are planted with large areas.

[Quantitative separation of evapotranspiration components of ecosystem based on multiple isotope models].

To fully understand the changes in the evapotranspiration components in forest ecosystem and their contribution to evapotranspiration at daily scale, we used the hypothesis theory of isotopic steady state and non-steady state combined with the water isotope analyzer system to quantitatively split and compare the evapotranspiration components of ecosystem during the growing season. Results showed that the O of water from different sources during the four mea-surement days (August 5, 8, 10, 11, 2016) all showed surface soil water and oxygen isotope composition (δ) > branch water and oxygen isotope composition (δ) > atmospheric water vapor oxygen isotopes composition (δ), with obvious differences due to the isotope fractionation. Oxygen isotopes composition of soil evaporated water vapor (δ) was between -26.

[Long-term water use characteristics and patterns of typical tree species in seasonal drought regions].

In the areas with seasonal drought, water is the key factor affecting plant growth and development. Based on long-term continuous observation data, it is of great significance to explore plant water use patterns for vegetation construction in areas with seasonal drought. Taking in Beijing mountainous area as the research object, stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope technique was applied to measure the isotopic composition of water from the soil, plant branches, and precipitation from 2012 to 2017.

Subdivision of de-novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on tumor burden and pretreatment EBV DNA for therapeutic guidance of locoregional radiotherapy.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy predominantly associated with infection by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Approximately 12,900 new cases of NPC occur each year, with more than 70% of cases occurring in the east and southeast Asia. NPC is different from ordinary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma due to its particular biological properties and it is highly sensitive to radiotherapy.

[Responses of canopy stomatal conductance of to soil water under water control].

A water-controlled experiment with four treatments (no rain, half raining, natural raining and double raining) was carried out in a forest. The factors including soil water content (SWC), precipitation, sap flow density (), leaf area index (LAI), vapor pressure deficit (VPD) were monitored during August 2016 to August 2017. We further analyzed the response of canopy stomatal conductance () to changes of SWC.

Identifying optimal candidates for induction chemotherapy among stage II-IVa nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on pretreatment Epstein-Barr virus DNA and nodal maximal standard uptake values of [ F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

Objective: This study aimed to select optimal candidates benefiting from the addition of induction chemotherapy (IC) to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in stage II-IVa nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and nodal maximal standardized uptake values (SUVmax-N) of [ F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

Patients And Materials: A total of 679 patients diagnosed with stage II-IVa (except N0) NPC were retrospectively included in this study. Overall survival was the primary endpoint.

[Simulation of δO in Platycladus orientalis leaf water with different kinetic fractionation coefficients].

Clarifying O isotope composition of leaf water (δ) would provide theoretical refe-rence for the study of leaf physiology and forest hydrology. We continuously monitored the concentration of atmospheric water vapor (W) and O isotope composition of atmospheric water vapor (δ) at the canopy of Platycladus lateralis plantation in the mountain area of Beijing. We analyzed the effects of kinetic fractionation coefficients Δ(32%) and Δ(28%) on the prediction of δ by combining the measured leaf water O isotope (δ) and δ of P.

[Characteristics and processes of reverse sap flow of Platycladus orientalis based on stable isotope technique and heat ratio method].

Plants could maintain growth by foliar water uptake and reverse sap flow under certain conditions, particularly in regions with seasonal drought. This physiological activity is often overlooked, however, leaving a gap in quantitatively understanding the processes and mechanisms underlying water utilization of forest vegetation under drought stress. In this study, with both field comparison experiments and pot experiments, we used heat ratio method with stable isotope technique to monitor a typical plantation tree species, Platycladus orientalis, in the Beijing mountainous area.

[Assessing water sources for Populus simonii with different degrees of degradation based on stable isotopes].

Water availability is the key factor limiting plant growth in arid regions. Populus simonii is a typical shelterbelt tree species in Zhangbei County, Hebei Province, with an important role in constructing ecological barrier. With stable isotope technique, graphical method, and multiple linear mixing model, we analyzed water sources and water use strategies of P.

[Effects of soil water stress and atmospheric CO concentration on photosynthetic and post-photosynthetic fractionation].

Analysis of plant photosynthesis and post-photosynthetic fractionation can improve our understanding of plant physiology and water management. By measuring δC in the atmosphere, and δC of soluble compounds in leaves and branch phloem of Platycladus orientalis, we examined discrimination pattern, including atmosphere-leaf discrimination during photosynthesis (ΔC) and leaf-twig discrimination during post-photosynthesis (ΔC), in response to changes of soil water content (SWC) and atmospheric CO concentration (C). The results showed that ΔC reached a maximum of 13.

Establishment of a prognostic nomogram to identify optimal candidates for local treatment among patients with local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: Thus far, there is no final conclusion on the treatment of local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (lrNPC) patients. Herein, we developed a nomogram which combined prognostic biomarkers to predict clinical outcome and guide individual treatment.

Materials And Methods: From 2006 to 2016, 303 patients with lrNPC were retrospectively reviewed.