Semi-automatic proximal humeral trabecular bone density assessment tool: technique application and clinical validation.

Purpose: This study aimed to apply a newly developed semi-automatic phantom-less QCT (PL-QCT) to measure proximal humerus trabecular bone density based on chest CT and verify its accuracy and precision.

Methods: Subcutaneous fat of the shoulder joint and trapezius muscle were used as calibration references for PL-QCT BMD measurement. A self-developed algorithm based on a convolution map was utilized in PL-QCT for semi-automatic BMD measurements.

Neighboring Molecular Engineering in Diels-Alder Chemistry Enabling Easily Recyclable Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites.

Although a variety of dynamic covalent bonds have been successfully used in the development of diverse sustainable thermosetting polymers and their composites, solving the trade-off between recovery efficiency and comprehensive properties is still a major challenge. Herein, a "one-stone-two-birds" strategy of lower rotational energy barrier (E ) phosphate-derived Diels-Alder (DA) cycloadditions was proposed for easily recyclable carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced epoxy resins (EPs) composites. In such a strategy, the phosphate spacer with lower E accelerated the segmental mobility and dynamic DA exchange reaction for network rearrangement to achieve high-efficiency repairing, reprocessing of the EPs matrix and its composites and rapid nondestructive recycling of CF; meanwhile, incorporating phosphorus-based units especially reduced their fire hazards.

Development and clinical validation of deep learning for auto-diagnosis of supraspinatus tears.

Background: Accurately diagnosing supraspinatus tears based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging and time-combusting due to the experience level variability of the musculoskeletal radiologists and orthopedic surgeons. We developed a deep learning-based model for automatically diagnosing supraspinatus tears (STs) using shoulder MRI and validated its feasibility in clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: A total of 701 shoulder MRI data (2804 images) were retrospectively collected for model training and internal test.

Surgical management of chronic calcific deposit resembling tendon sheath infection in the index finger: A rare case report and literature review.

Background: Calcific tendonitis rarely occurs in the fingers, and it is easily misdiagnosed. Herein we describe the case of a patient with multiple calcific lesions within the flexor digitorum superficialis and the extensor digitorum tendons of the distal interphalangeal joints of the right index finger, and the surgical treatment of those lesions.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 66-year-old man who reported pain and swelling in his right index finger for one year.

Progress of polymer-based strategies in fungal disease management: Designed for different roles.

Fungal diseases have posed a great challenge to global health, but have fewer solutions compared to bacterial and viral infections. Development and application of new treatment modalities for fungi are limited by their inherent essential properties as eukaryotes. The microorganism identification and drug sensitivity analyze are limited by their proliferation rates.

Highly Flame-Retardant and Low Heat/Smoke-Release Wood Materials: Fabrication and Properties.

Wood is an important renewable material exhibiting excellent physical and mechanical properties, environmental friendliness, and sustainability, and has been widely applied in daily life. However, its inherent flammability and susceptibility to fungal attack greatly limit its application in many areas. Use of fire-retardant coatings and preservatives has endowed wood with improved safety performance; importantly, the cooperative effect of dual treatments on the burning behavior and flame retardancy of wood needs to be better understood.

Automated detection of knee cystic lesions on magnetic resonance imaging using deep learning.

Background: Cystic lesions are frequently observed in knee joint diseases and are usually associated with joint pain, degenerative disorders, or acute injury. Magnetic resonance imaging-based, artificial intelligence-assisted cyst detection is an effective method to improve the whole knee joint analysis. However, few studies have investigated this method.

One Novel Phantom-Less Quantitative Computed Tomography System for Auto-Diagnosis of Osteoporosis Utilizes Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography Obtained for COVID-19 Screening.

The diagnosis of osteoporosis is still one of the most critical topics for orthopedic surgeons worldwide. One research direction is to use existing clinical imaging data for accurate measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) without additional radiation. A novel phantom-less quantitative computed tomography (PL-QCT) system was developed to measure BMD and diagnose osteoporosis, as our previous study reported.

Fully Automatic Knee Joint Segmentation and Quantitative Analysis for Osteoarthritis from Magnetic Resonance (MR) Images Using a Deep Learning Model.

BACKGROUND We aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning-based method for fully automatic segmentation of knee joint MR imaging and quantitative computation of knee osteoarthritis (OA)-related imaging biomarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study included 843 volumes of proton density-weighted fat suppression MR imaging. A convolutional neural network segmentation method with multiclass gradient harmonized Dice loss was trained and evaluated on 500 and 137 volumes, respectively.

[Application of percutaneous pie-crusting deep medial collateral ligament release for posterior horn surgery of medial meniscus].

Objective: To explore clinical and radiographic effects of percutaneous pie-crusting deep medial collateral ligament release in patients with posterior horn tear of medial meniscus combined with tight medial compartment.

Methods: From January 2012 to December 2016, 35 patients with medial meniscus posterior horn injury were treated with percutaneous pie crusting deep medial collateral ligament release technique, including 21 males and 14 females, aged from 21 to 55 years old with an average of (39.1±6.

Enhancing ZnO-NP Antibacterial and Osteogenesis Properties in Orthopedic Applications: A Review.

Prosthesis-associated infections and aseptic loosening are major causes of implant failure. There is an urgent need to improve the antibacterial ability and osseointegration of orthopedic implants. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are a common type of zinc-containing metal oxide nanoparticles that have been widely studied in many fields, such as food packaging, pollution treatment, and biomedicine.

Tantalum boride as a biocompatible coating to improve osteogenesis of the bionano interface.

A proper biological microenvironment conducive to tissue repair and regeneration, while the bioimplant interface directly affects the local microenvironment. In this study, to improve the biological microenvironment, a nanosized tantalum boride (Ta-B) was coated on a titanium alloy substrate (Ti6Al4V, TC4) using magnetron cosputtering. The sample surface was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Fire hazards management for polymeric materials via synergy effects of pyrolysates-fixation and aromatized-charring.

Previous approaches to suppressing fire hazards are concentrated on brominated flame retardants (BFRs) or phosphorus flame retardants (PFRs). However, their chemical hazards to health and environment have not been able to be ignored currently. It is quite urgent to propose a durable and environmentally-friendly fire-safe strategy, which can eliminate migration, release, and environmental hazards of traditional flame retardants during their use, disposal, and recycling.

Avulsion of the femoral attachment of the medial collateral ligament in the setting of knee multiligament injury: A case report.

Rationale: Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury is a common sports injury. The damage mainly occurs in ligament fibers, but MCL avulsion fracture is extremely rare and only a few reports have been published.

Patient Concerns: Herein, we present a healthy 21-year-old man with an avulsion fracture of the MCL of the right knee sustained during snowboarding.

Fabrication and Evaluation of 3D Printed Porous Polyetherimide Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.

For bone tissue engineering, the porous scaffold should provide a biocompatible environment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and match the mechanical properties of native bone tissue. In this work, we fabricated porous polyetherimide (PEI) scaffolds using a three-dimensional (3D) printing system, and the pore size was set as 800 m. The morphology of 3D PEI scaffolds was characterized by the scanning electron microscope.

Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques.

Prosthesis-associated infections are one of the main causes of implant failure; thus it is important to enhance the long-term antibacterial ability of orthopedic implants. Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) are biomaterials with good physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. Owing to their inherent antibacterial and drug-loading ability, the antibacterial application of TNTs has received increasing attention.

Fire-Safe Polyesters Enabled by End-Group Capturing Chemistry.

Upon heating, polyesters decompose to small molecules and release flammable volatiles and toxic gases, primarily through chain scission of their ester linkages, and therefore exhibit poor fire-safety properties, thus restricting their applications. Reported herein is an end-group-capturing effect of (bis)oxazoline groups, generated from the thermal rearrangement of the N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)phthalimide (HPI) moiety which was incorporated into the polyester chain by copolymerization. These copolyesters, as a result, exhibit high efficiency in retarding decomposition by capturing the decomposed products, particularly for the carbonyl-terminated fragments, thus increasing the fire-safety properties, such as self-extinguishing, anti-dripping, and inhibiting heat release and smoke production.