Identification of novel triazolylquinoxaline-based metal complexes supported by experimental and virtual screenings.

The formation of novel complexes from so far non-investigated ligands and different metal centers is important for the development of new functional materials such as (photo)catalysts or biologically active compounds. Still, promising strategies to quickly and systematically investigate the complexation behavior of selected ligands are rare. We developed an NMR-based screening approach to monitor changes within reaction mixtures containing metals and ligands on a small scale a simple but reliable protocol.

Associations between potential risk factors and blood-brain barrier water permeability in middle-aged and older adults.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is suggested to be a potential mediator between vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment, leading to vascular cognitive impairment. To investigate the relationships between age, sex, and vascular risk factors and BBB water permeability as well as their relationship with cognition. To measure BBB permeability, a novel arterial spin labelling MRI technique (ME-ASL) was applied to derive the time of exchange (Tex), arterial time transit (ATT), and cerebral blood flow (CBF).

[Renal replacement therapy in Germany: An overview with a clinical focus].

In Germany, around 80000 people are currently dependent on permanent renal replacement therapy (RRT). Due to demographic developments and improvements in life expectancy, the prevalence will continue to increase even if the effects of newer pharmacological substances such as SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 agonists are promising in inhibiting progression. There are basically three different methods of renal replacement therapy and their variants: Kidney transplantation (KTX), peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD)/hemodiafiltration (HDF).

Blood-brain barrier water permeability across the adult lifespan: A multi-echo ASL study.

An emerging biomarker of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is the time of exchange (Tex) of water from the blood to tissue, as measured by multi-echo arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI. This new non-invasive sequence, already tested in mice, has recently been adapted to humans and optimized for clinical scanning time. In this study, we studied the normal variability of Tex over age and sex, which needs to be established as a reference for studying changes in neurological disease.

Noninvasive blood-brain barrier integrity mapping in patients with high-grade glioma and metastasis by multi-echo time-encoded arterial spin labeling.

Purpose: In brain tumors, disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) indicates malignancy. Clinical assessment is qualitative; quantitative evaluation is feasible using the K leakage parameter from dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI. However, contrast agent-based techniques are limited in patients with renal dysfunction and insensitive to subtle impairments.

Determination of Tire Wear Particle-Type Polymers by Combination of Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Soxhlet Extraction.

Tire wear particles (TWPs) are among the most relevant sources of microplastic pollution of the environment. Nevertheless, common analytical methods like IR and Raman spectroscopy are highly impaired by additives and filler materials, leaving only thermogravimetric methods for chemical analysis of TWPs in most cases. We herein present quantitative NMR spectroscopy (qNMR) as an alternative tool for the quantification of the polymeric material used for the production of tires, including natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene-copolymer (SBR), polyethylene-co-propylene (EPR) and polybutadiene (BR).

Bromocriptine for Residual Catatonia Following Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: Illustrative Case Report and Systematic Review.

Background: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare yet potentially fatal iatrogenic syndrome that can manifest with life-threatening symptoms. Theorized to be caused by the dopamine-blocking effects of certain medications, such as antipsychotics, or the withdrawal of dopaminergic agents, NMS is characterized by hyperthermia, autonomic instability, altered mental status, and muscular rigidity. Most treated cases resolve within weeks; however, in some cases, residual catatonic symptoms can persist for months after the resolution of acute hyperthermic and hypermetabolic symptoms.

Prognostic and functional role of the nuclear export receptor 1 (XPO1) in gastrointestinal cancers: a potential novel target?

In the last decades the survival of metastatic gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients could have been significantly extended due to the introduction of targeted- and immunotherapy. However, only the minority of patients will experience long-lasting survival. Hence, novel therapeutics are clearly necessary for GI cancer patients.

Antigen presentation by MHC-II is shaped by competitive and cooperative allosteric mechanisms of peptide exchange.

Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) presents antigens to T helper cells. The spectrum of presented peptides is regulated by the exchange catalyst human leukocyte antigen DM (HLA-DM), which dissociates peptide-MHC-II complexes in the endosome. How susceptible a peptide is to HLA-DM is mechanistically not understood.

Effect of IV Thrombolysis With Alteplase in Patients With Vessel Occlusion in the WAKE-UP Trial.

Background And Objectives: Data from randomized trials on the treatment effect of pure thrombolysis in patients with vessel occlusion are lacking. We examined data from a corresponding subsample of patients from the multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled WAKE-UP trial to determine whether MRI-guided IV thrombolysis with alteplase in unknown-onset ischemic stroke benefits patients presenting with vessel occlusion.

Methods: Patients with an acute ischemic lesion visible on MRI diffusion-weighted imaging but no marked parenchymal hyperintensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images were randomized to treatment with IV alteplase or placebo.

Rethinking the physiological cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle reveals the mechanical advantage of pennation.

The shape of skeletal muscle varies remarkably-with important implications for locomotor performance. In many muscles, the fibres are arranged at an angle relative to the tendons' line of action, termed the pennation angle. These pennate muscles allow more sarcomeres to be packed side by side, enabling the muscle to generate higher maximum forces for a given muscle size.

Eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation in conjunction with high-altitude decompression in adults.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of eccentric exercise on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and inflammation on high-altitude-induced venous gas emboli (VGE). Subjects were exposed to an altitude of 24,000 ft. for 90 min, with either prior eccentric exercise (ECC) or no exercise (Control) 24 h before.

Zolpidem for the Management of Catatonia: A Systematic Review.

Background: Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome associated with neurotransmitter disturbances, common in both psychiatric and medical settings. Hypoactivity of the GABA receptor is one of the predominant theories behind the pathophysiology of catatonia, affecting both motor functioning and emotional regulation. Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam are considered the first-line treatment for catatonia.

Highly selective solid-liquid extraction of microplastic mixtures as a pre-preparation tool for quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies.

Despite various developments in the application of quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy toward microplastics in recent years, this method still lacks suitable sample preparation and fractionation procedures. As this poses a crucial obstacle for its utilisation on environmental samples, which contain various mixtures of polymers along with other matrix substances, this research aims to address this missing link by presenting an easy-to-apply procedure based on common laboratory equipment. The process selectively separates microplastics from inorganic constituents while performing the necessary fractionation of different types of microplastics prior to qNMR analysis.

COVID-19 and Contraceptive Use in Two African Countries: Examining Conflicting Pressures on Women.

Women in Africa may have experienced conflicting pressures during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the unpredictable nature of the pandemic was prompting some women to delay pregnancies, the pandemic was potentially limiting access to reproductive health services due to supply shortages, fears of virus exposure, and mobility restrictions. In this study, we used longitudinal data from Kenya and Burkina Faso and applied a multilevel perspective to better understand the factors contributing to change or persistence in contraceptive use during the early months of the pandemic.

Measurement of blood-brain barrier water exchange rate using diffusion-prepared and multi-echo arterial spin labelling: Comparison of quantitative values and age dependence.

Water exchange rate (Kw) across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important physiological parameter that may provide new insight into ageing and neurodegenerative disease. Recently, two non-invasive arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI methods have been developed to measure Kw, but results from the different methods have not been directly compared. Furthermore, the association of Kw with age for each method has not been investigated in a single cohort.

Baseline MRI Examination in the NAKO Health Study—Findings on Feasibility, Participation and Dropout Rates, Comfort, and Image Quality.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yields important information on the development and current status of many different diseases. Whole-body MRI was accordingly made a part of the multicenter, population-based NAKO Health Study. The present analysis concerns the feasibility of the baseline MRI examination and various aspects of quality assurance over the period 2014-2019.

Constructing comparable intimate partner violence indicators across the DHS, MICS, and PMA health surveys.

We construct comparable indicators that measure the prevalence of recent intimate partner violence (IPV) using publicly available, integrated microdata within the IPUMS data collections across many countries. The objective of this work is to increase opportunities for comparative research by leveraging vast quantities of harmonized data. We use consistent and comparable variables that measure domestic violence in international health surveys.

Eccentric exercise before a 90 min exposure at 24,000 ft increases decompression strain depending on body region but not total muscle mass recruited.

Eccentric upper-body exercise performed 24 h prior to high-altitude decompression has previously been shown to aggravate venous gas emboli (VGE) load. Yet, it is unclear whether increasing the muscle mass recruited (i.e.

Medication Risks and Their Association with Patient-Reported Outcomes in Inpatients with Cancer.

Background: We aimed to assess medication risks and determine factors influencing the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in cancer inpatients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify drug-related problems (DRPs) based on medication reviews, including patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify sociodemographic, disease-related, and drug therapy-related factors influencing changes from hospital admission to discharge in the scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire.

The anesthesiologist's guide to swine trauma physiology research: a report of two decades of experience from the experimental traumatology laboratory.

Purpose: Swine are one of the major animal species used in translational research, with unique advantages given the similar anatomic and physiologic characteristics as man, but the investigator needs to be familiar with important differences. This article targets clinical anesthesiologists who are proficient in human monitoring. We summarize our experience during the last two decades, with the aim to facilitate for clinical and non-clinical researchers to improve in porcine research.