Emergency treatment of pelvic ring injuries: state of the art.

High energy pelvic injuries sustain significant mortality rates, due to acute exsanguination and severe associated injuries. Managing the hemodynamically unstable trauma patient with a bleeding pelvic fracture still forms a major challenge in acute trauma care. Various approaches have been applied through the last decades.

Outcomes and complications after open reduction and internal fixation of distal humeral fractures with precontoured locking plates.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate functional and radiographic results after open reduction and internal fixation of distal humeral fractures using precontoured locking plates. Our main hypothesis was that patients older than 65 years have inferior outcomes compared with younger patients.

Methods: All patients treated for a distal humeral fracture with precontoured locking plates between 2006 and 2017 at a level 1 trauma center were identified.

Long-term results after isolated iliac wing fractures.

Introduction: Isolated iliac wing fracture is a rare pelvic fracture that is considered benign in the literature. As there is a complete lack of information on function and quality of life in patients with this injury, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term functional results, and secondly to evaluate the patients' clinical function and fracture healing.

Patients And Methods: All patients treated in Oslo University Hospital, Ullevaal (OUH-U), the Norwegian National Pelvic Service, in the time period 2006-2016 were included.

Predicting secondary surgery after operative fixation of olecranon fractures: a model using data from 800 patients.

Background: High rates of secondary surgery after fixation of olecranon fractures have been reported. Identification of risk factors can aid surgeons to reduce complications leading to additional surgical procedures.

Methods: Olecranon fractures treated at seven hospitals from 2007 to 2017 were identified, and the radiographs were classified.

Taylor Spatial Frame or Reamed Intramedullary Nailing for Closed Fractures of the Tibial Shaft: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To compare a modern ring fixator [Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF)] and reamed intramedullary nailing (IMN) for the treatment of closed tibial shaft fractures.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Two university hospitals.

Biomechanical comparison of tension band wiring and plate fixation with locking screws in transverse olecranon fractures.

Background: Tension band wiring (TBW) is the standard method for treating transverse olecranon fractures, but high rates of complications and reoperations have been reported. Plate fixation (PF) with locking screws has been introduced as an alternative method that may retain the fracture reduction better with a higher load to failure.

Methods: Twenty paired cadaveric elbows were used.

Five-Year Follow-up Results of a Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Intramedullary Nailing with Plate Fixation of Completely Displaced Midshaft Fractures of the Clavicle in Adults.

Background: Surgical management of completely displaced midshaft fractures of the clavicle is becoming more frequent, although long-term follow-up with Level-I evidence is scarce. Plate fixation (PF) of comminuted fractures provides faster functional recovery than elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN). The 12-month follow-up of this randomized controlled trial, published previously, found no clinical differences at that time on the group level, but subtle differences on the subgroup level indicated that the results after closed ESIN were better than those after open ESIN.

Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for total hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study (the HUNT study and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register).

Objective: Biochemical changes associated with obesity may accelerate osteoarthritis beyond the effect of mechanical factors. This study investigated whether metabolic syndrome and its components (visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance) were risk factors for subsequent total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR) due to primary osteoarthritis.

Design: In this prospective cohort study, data from the second survey of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 2 (HUNT2) were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register for identification of the outcome of THR or TKR.

The mediating effect of body mass index on the relationship between smoking and hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis. A population-based cohort study (the HUNT Study).

To investigate the total effect of smoking on total hip or knee replacement (THR/TKR) due to primary osteoarthritis (OA) and to quantify the indirect effect of smoking through body mass index (BMI). Participants from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study) were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register to detect the first THR or TKR due to primary OA. A mediation analysis was used to decompose the total effect of smoking into a direct and indirect effect.

Radiological and functional outcomes 2.7 years following conservatively treated completely displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

Objectives: It is unclear whether all completely displaced midshaft clavicle fractures require primary surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to elucidate the radiological and clinical outcomes after conservative treatment, and to identify subgroups at risk of an inferior outcome.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Risk factors for knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis, a population based, prospective cohort study of 315,495 individuals.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common and disabling condition. We wanted to investigate the modifiable risk factors Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical activity, using knee replacement (KR) as a marker for severely symptomatic disease, focusing on the interaction between these risk factors.

Methods: 315,495 participants (mean age 43.

[Osteoarthritis].

Background: Osteoarthritis is among the most common causes of functional disability and severe pain, and the prevalence of arthritic symptoms among adults is more than 50%. The article discusses epidemiology, pathology and treatment options.

Material And Methods: The review is based on a non-systematic search in PubMed and the authors' experience with treating this patient group.

The effect of middle-age body weight and physical activity on the risk of early revision hip arthroplasty: a cohort study of 1,535 individuals.

Background: Overweight and a high level of physical activity are known risk factors for loosening of a total hip arthroplasty (THA) due to primary osteoarthritis. We wanted to investigate how these factors, together with age and sex, affect the risk of revision surgery.

Patients And Methods: We matched data from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register with information on risk factors collected at a cardiovascular screening.

The impact of body mass index on later total hip arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis: a cohort study in 1.2 million persons.

Objective: To investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI), height, and age on the risk of later total hip arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: We matched screening data on body height and weight from 1,152,006 persons ages 18-67 years who attended a compulsory screening for tuberculosis in 1963-1975 with data from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register for the years 1987-2003. We identified 28,425 total hip replacements because of primary OA.

Weight change and the risk of total hip replacement.

Background: We examined the effect of adult weight change on risk for total hip replacement resulting from primary osteoarthritis, using a prospective study design.

Methods: We linked data on body mass index and body weight from 3 screening surveys in 3 Norwegian counties (mean ages at screenings 34, 43, and 47 y; n = 38,868) with follow-up data on total hip replacement (n = 572). Mean age at the start of follow up was 55 years, and mean duration of follow up was 9 years.

Risk factors for total hip replacement due to primary osteoarthritis: a cohort study in 50,034 persons.

Objective: To identify prospectively the possible risk factors for total hip replacement (THR) due to primary osteoarthritis in a large cohort.

Methods: Data from a cardiovascular screening were matched with 9 years of national data on THR. Mean age at the start of followup was 54.