Study of Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation using Intra-oral Ivabradine.

Context: Endotracheal intubation is one of the most commonly performed procedures, where rapid and dramatic hemodynamic changes which adversely affect the patient may occur during the perioperative period. Various strategies have been applied to attenuate these responses in high-risk individuals. Ivabradine is a very unique cardiotonic drug in the medical literature which reduces the heart rate without jeopardizing hemodynamics in unhealthy, compromised patients.