First report of surgery for anencephaly in twin pregnancies: Technical notes and postoperative management.

Anencephaly, the most severe form of neural tube defect, has no known cure, and in most cases, patients die before or shortly after birth. To date, no surgical intervention has been reported in the management of anencephaly. This study presents a case of dichorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy in which 1 twin was anencephalic and describes the surgical management of this complex case.

Giant Parietal Encephalocele with Massive Brain Herniation and Suboccipital Encephalocele in a Neonate: An Unusual Form of Double Encephalocele.

Double encephalocele is extremely rare. We present an unusual form of double encephalocele including giant supratentorial and small infratentorial encephalocele in a neonate.

Efficacy of Lumboperitoneal Shunting in Patients with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt procedures in the treatment of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH).

Material And Methods: A medical record review was conducted to obtain demographic, clinical, laboratory data, as well as pre-, intra, -postoperative details of 65 patients who underwent LP shunt surgery for NPH between January 1, 2001 and January 1, 2014 in the Neurosurgery Clinics of Ankara Training and Research Hospital and Ankara Numune Hospital.

Results: At the 3rd month after LP shunt surgery, headache was resolved in almost all patients.

The Effects of Stereotactic Cerebroventricular Administration of Albumin, Mannitol, Hypertonic Sodium Chloride, Glycerin and Dextran in Rats with Experimental Brain Edema.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of cerebroventricular administration of hyperoncotic/hyperosmotic agents on edematous brain tissue in rats with experimental head trauma.

Material And Methods: The study included 54 female Sprague-Dawley rats with weights ranging between 200 and 250 g. Six experimental groups were examined with each group containing 9 rats.

Single-Stage Posterolateral Transpedicular Approach With 360-Degree Stabilization and Vertebrectomy in Primary and Metastatic Tumors of the Spine.

Objective: Currently, anterior, posterior, or combined approaches are used in various spinal disorders; however, a single-stage posterolateral transpedicular approach with 360° stabilization and vertebrectomy provides better results for spinal tumors.

Methods: We evaluated the age, sex distribution, presenting symptoms, neurologic examination findings according to the pre- and postoperative Frankel classification, pre- and postoperative VAS pain scores, preoperatively administered medical therapies, pre- and postoperative corset use, level of the lesion, levels of previous surgical interventions, root ligation (if performed), results of the primary disease, hospitalization duration (after the operation), postoperative complications (if any), postoperative follow-up duration, and postoperative survival duration of 22 patients.

Results: We observed that primary bone tumors were localized in the lumbar (75%) and thoracic regions (25%) and that metastatic tumors were localized in the thoracic (77.

The sulci of the inferior surface of the temporal lobe: An anatomical study.

Understanding the anatomy of temporal lobe sulci and their variations can allow for safer neurosurgical approaches. Although the inferior temporal sulci and their relations to each other has been described by several authors, the nomenclature used has not been universal. The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomic features of the three main sulci of the inferior temporal lobe and provide a simple description of complex patterns among these sulci.

The Biochemical, Histopathological and Clinical Comparison of the Neuroprotective Effects of Subcutaneous Adalimumab and Intravenous Methylprednisolone in an Experimental Compressive Spinal Cord Trauma Model.

Aim: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of adalimumab in an experimental spinal cord injury model and compare them with those of the widely-used methylprednisolone.

Material And Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 as the sham, trauma, adalimumab, methylprednisolone, and adalimumab+methylprednisolone groups. Only laminectomy was performed in the sham group.

Neuroprotective effects of adalimumab on rats with experimental peripheral nerve injury: An electron microscopic and biochemical study.

Background: Adalimumab, a new-generation anti-inflammatory agent, exerts its effect through tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), secreted from immune response cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes. TNF-α has been shown to play an important role in the processes of apoptosis and demyelination, and blockage of its activity may improve neural healing. Investigated in the present study is the probable neuroprotective influence of adalimumab in rats using a peripheral nerve injury model with biochemical and electron microscopic methods.

The Outcomes of Late Term Surgical Treatment of Penetrating Peripheral Nerve Injuries.

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the follow-up results of patients who received late-term surgical treatment for peripheral nerve lesions caused by penetrating injuries.

Material And Methods: The study included 25 patients who underwent surgery for peripheral nerve injuries in our clinic between 2007 and 2013. The patients were evaluated with respect to age, gender, etiology of the trauma, the affected nerve, clinical examinations, electrophysiological findings, surgical techniques and functional outcomes.

Fatal cerebellar hemorrhage as an initial presentation of medulloblastoma in a child.

Children with medulloblastomas most commonly present with signs and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus, especially headaches and vomiting. However, some pediatric patients present with sudden neurological deterioration due to intracerebellar hemorrhage associated with medulloblastoma, although very few reports exist that document this phenomenon. An 8-year-old girl was admitted to our emergency department who presented with sudden loss of consciousness, vomiting, and bradycardia.

Evaluation of the Time-dependent Contamination of Spinal Implants: Prospective Randomized Trial.

Study Design: Prospective study OBJECTIVE.: To evaluate contamination in spinal implants using a liquid culture medium and the effect of covering an implant set on contamination.

Summary Of Background Data: Postoperative infection rates increase with the use of spinal implants.

Results of treatment of unstable thoracolumbar burst fractures using pedicle instrumentation with and without fracture-level screws.

Background: Two different techniques of short-segment instrumentation, with and without a pedicle screw at the fracture level, were compared in thoracolumbar burst fractures in neurologically intact (ASIA-E) patients. The sagittal index, kyphosis angle (Cobb), canal compromise ratio, and compression ratio of the anterior vertebral height were analyzed.

Methods: Seventy patients who underwent short-segment stabilization for thoracolumbar (T11-L2) burst fractures in our clinic between 2008 and 2012 were included in this retrospective study.

Familial perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage: two case reports.

Introduction: Non-aneurysmal spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage is characterized by an accumulation of a limited amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage, predominantly around the midbrain, and a lack of blood in the brain parenchyma or ventricular system. It represents 5% of all spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage cases. In spite of extensive investigation, understanding of the mechanisms leading to perimesencephalic non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage remains incompletely defined.

Dyke-davidoff-masson syndrome associated with epidermoid tumour and arachnoid cyst: a case report.

Background: Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) is a rarely seen clinical entity which is characterised by cerebral hemiatrophy, contralateral hemiparesis and epilepsy. Radiological features are typical, such as unilateral atrophy of the cerebral hemisphere and associated compensatory bone changes in the skull, like thickening, enlargement of the paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells.

Case Report: In this article, we report the first case of DDMS associated with epidermoid tumour and arachnoid cyst, who underwent operation for an epidermoid tumour in the inter-hemispheric region.

Systemic administration of atorvastatin improves locomotor functions and hyperacute-acute response after experimental spinal cord injury: an ultrastructural and biochemical analysis.

Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by posttraumatic inflammatory cascades including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Agents against neuroinflammation are the current scope of studies on experimental SCI with promising results.

Material And Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-320 gram were used.

The neuroprotective effects of rituximab in rat spinal cord injury model: an immunohistochemical study.

Aim: In the present study, we investigate the neuroprotective effects of rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed towards B cell mediated humoral immunity, on a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model with immunohistochemical methods.

Material And Methods: Twenty-four rats were used for the study. Rats were divided as control, SCI, and rituximab-treated SCI groups.

Intracranial arachnoid cyst family with autosomal recessive trait mapped to chromosome 6q22.31-23.2.

Background: Arachnoid cysts are congenital fluid-filled compartments within the cerebrospinal fluid cisterns and cerebral fissures. They most commonly occur sporadically, and familial occurrence has rarely been reported. In this study, we showed the first genetic linkage in the literature in a pure intracranial arachnoid cyst family with autosomal recessive trait.