Reversal of Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Blockade by Sugammadex Under Sevoflurane and Desflurane Anesthesia in Children.

Objective: In children, neuromuscular blockers may have different effects with various inhalation agents and incomplete reversal of the blockade continues to be a problem. The aim of the study is to observe the effects of sugammadex on reversing the blockade by a single dose of rocuronium, the peak inspiratory pressure, hemodynamic parameters in children under sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia.

Materials And Methods: One hundred forty-eight children aged 2-10 years old, to be operated under shortterm general anesthesia, were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled trial.

Challenging Anaesthesia Management of a Patient with Fryns Syndrome: A Case Report.

Fryns syndrome cases with variable characteristics require careful preoperative evaluation and have challenges for airway management. Craniofacial anomalies can complicate both ventilation and intubation. Extubation can also be problematic because of limited pulmonary reserves.

Effect of paediatric caudal injection volume on optic nerve sheath diameter and regional cerebral oximetry: A randomised trial.

Background: Caudal injections commonly used for neuraxial anaesthesia in children can displace cerebrospinal fluid cranially causing safety concerns in terms of raised intracranial pressure. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a noninvasive surrogate for the measurement of intracranial pressure. Regional cerebral oximetry (CrSO 2 ) can monitor brain oxygenation, which may decrease by a reduction in cerebral flow due to increased intracranial pressure.

Pudendal nerve block for circumcision of pediatric patient with Pierre Robin Sequence: case report.

Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) is a congenital condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate that presents with airway obstruction and developmental delay with or without other congenital anomalies. These patients' anesthesia management is challenging because of difficult ventilation and intubation. Regional anesthesia methods should be considered for these patients on a case-by-case basis.

Does magnetic resonance imaging increase core body temperature in children? Results of the administration of propofol and ketofol: a randomized clinical study.

Background And Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may cause a temperature increase in the imaging area, while intravenous anesthetics may develop a tendency for hypothermia, especially in the pediatric population. The effect of different anesthetics on core body temperature in children during these procedures remains controversial. We examined the effect of propofol and ketofol on core body temperatures in a pediatric population during MRI.

Complications during esophageal endoscopy with or without baloon dilation under general anesthesia in pediatric patients: a prospective and observational study.

Background: Complications can occur during esophagoscopy as a result of applied procedure in children, especially during dilation techic. Our aim was to identify cardio-respiratory alterations during esophagoscopy with or without baloon dilation under anesthesia in children, and to investigate the postoperative complications.

Methods: Prospective, observational study of endoscopic procedures in patients 0-16 years.

Anaesthetic Management of a Child with a Massive Mediastinal Mass.

Mediastinal masses are benign or malignant tumours that originate from the thymus, thyroid, lung, lymphoid system, pleura, or pericardium. Cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms may occur because of the compression of surrounding tissues along with growing mass. In this study, we present the anaesthetic management of a 6-month-old child having a massive anterior mediastinal mass that had a compressing effect.

Pudendal Nerve Block Versus Penile Nerve Block in Children Undergoing Circumcision.

Purpose: Penile nerve block is the most popular nerve block for the circumcision in pediatric patients. This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficiency of penile nerve block and the pudendal nerve block on postoperative pain and additional analgesic requirements in children undergoing circumcision.

Material And Methods: This prospective randomized double-blind study enrolled 85 children, aged 1 to10 years, undergoing circumcision.

The Assessment of Risk Factors for Difficult Intubation in Thyroid Patients.

Objectives: We aimed to assess possible risk factors related to difficult intubation in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.

Methods: We prospectively collected data of 200 patients scheduled for thyroid surgery. Clinical risk factors were defined as: Mallampati score, interincisor gap, thyromental distance, sternomental distance, range of neck motion, body mass index, neck circumference, goiter, the presence of radiological findings suggesting compression and thyroid weight.

Laryngotracheal edema due to thermal injury: A complication after thyroidectomy in children.

Postoperative respiratory insufficiency is a serious complication of total thyroidectomies which can be multifactorial, especially in children. We report two siblings who had undergone thyroidectomy with subsequent respiratory distress. Electrothermal bipolar and harmonic scalpel were used during thyroid dissections.

Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia in neonates and young infants: retrospective analysis of a case series. TAP blocks in neonates and young infants.

Background: The effectiveness of the TAP block in children has been well characterized in literature. However, there are only few reports about TAP block in the neonates and low birth weight groups. This is a retrospective observational analysis of ultrasound - assisted TAP blocks in neonates and young infants.

Pudendal Versus Caudal Block in Children Undergoing Hypospadias Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: Postoperative pain management after hypospadias surgery is often challenging. Caudal block is used for analgesia but has limitations. This study compares the analgesic efficiency of pudendal block with that of caudal block in pediatric patients undergoing hypospadias repair surgery.

Anaesthetic Management of a Patient with Synchronous Kartagener Syndrome and Biliary Atresia.

Kartagener syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by primary ciliary dyskinesia accompanied by sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus. Synchronous extrahepatic biliary atresia and Kartagener syndrome are very rare. During the preoperative preparation of patients with Kartagener syndrome, special attention is required for the respiratory and cardiovascular system.

Anaphylaxis after administration of amikacin containing sodium metabisulfite in a premature newborn.

Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and can cause death. Premature newborns, whose immunological system is immature, are less likely to develop anaphylaxis. Administration of amikacin, containing sodium metabisulfite, to a 3-day-old premature newborn, induced a near fatal anaphylaxis.

Emergency bronchoscopy for foreign-body aspiration in a child with type I mucopolysaccharidosis: a challenging airway management experience.

The mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a rare lysosomal storage disease. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) accumulate in musculoskeletal system, connective tissues. Enlarged tongue, short immobile neck, and limited mobility of the cervical spine and temporomandibular joints render the airway management potentially risky.

Ultrasound-assisted transversus abdominis plane block vs wound infiltration in pediatric patient with inguinal hernia: randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: To compare the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-assisted transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and wound infiltration during the first postoperative 24hours.

Design: A prospective, observer-blinded, randomized, and controlled study

Setting: Operating room of a university hospital.

Patients: Forty patients received a TAP block (TAP group) and 40 patients received wound infiltration (INF group) at the end of the surgery.

Comparison of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block and IV Patient-Controlled Analgesia after Lower Abdominal Surgery.

Objective: We aimed to compare the first 24-hour postoperative analgesic efficiency of ultrasound (USG)-assisted transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block to IV morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery.

Methods: Fifty ASA I-III patients were included into this randomised, prospective clinical study. At end of surgery, Group 1 received 1 mg kg(-1) 0.

Remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia for pediatric rigid bronchoscopy: comparison of adjuvant propofol and ketamine.

Objective: Laryngoscopy and stimuli inside the trachea cause an intense sympatho-adrenal response. Remifentanil seems to be the optimal opioid for rigid bronchoscopy due to its potent and short-acting properties. The purpose of this study was to compare bolus propofol and ketamine as an adjuvant to remifentanil-based total intravenous anesthesia for pediatric rigid bronchoscopy.

Effects of different modes of ventilation and head position on the size of the vena jugularis interna.

Purpose: Right internal jugular vein (RIJV) catheterisation is a common procedure in patients undergoing surgery. We aimed to compare diameters and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the RIJV when the head is in a neutral or 30-degree rotated position during mechanical ventilation in various modes and spontaneous ventilation.

Methods: Thirty patients undergoing surgery were included in the study.

Comparison of the Effects of Different Concentrations of Rocuronium on Injection Pain and Hemodynamics Using Isolated Forearm Technique.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate Visual-Analogue-Scale (VAS) scores, hand-withdrawal, rash and skin eruptions after injections of different concentrations of rocuronium in intubation doses in alert patients using the isolated-forearm technique.

Methods: Eighty ASA I-II patients were included in a randomized, controlled, single-blinded study. Two 20 G cannulas were inserted into the dorsum of the left and right hand in each patient.

Restoration of pulmonary compliance after laparoscopic surgery using a simple alveolar recruitment maneuver.

Study Objective: To test the hypothesis that a pulmonary maneuver designed to recruit additional alveoli (thereby decreasing atelectasis) applied before extubation can restore pulmonary compliance to baseline values.

Design: Cohort study.

Setting: Operating room of a university hospital.

Evaluation of intravenous paracetamol administration on postoperative pain and recovery characteristics in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Purpose: In this study, the effects of intravenous paracetamol treatment on early postoperative period analgesia and recovery characteristics after laparoscopic cholecystectomy have been evaluated.

Methods: Forty patients whose American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and randomly divided into 2 equal groups. In the first group, 1 g paracetamol was given to the patients intravenously after intubation before start of the surgery in 15 minutes.