Association between facial nerve second genu angle and facial canal dehiscence in patients with cholesteatoma: evaluation with temporal multidetector computed tomography and surgical findings.

Introduction: Otitis media, mastoiditis or the pressure effect of tumorous lesions such as cholesteatoma can be the cause of facial canal dehiscence and facial nerve paralysis. The most common segment involved in dehiscence is the tympanic segment and the second most common is the lateral aspect of the facial canal in the oval window area.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of the facial canal dehiscence and the relationship between the angle at the second genu of the facial nerve and facial canal dehiscence.

A Rare Concha Variation: Coronal Cleft.

Nasal turbinates are embryologically derived from a series of outgrowths from the foetal lateral nasal wall. These outgrowths form a series of ridges, referred to as "ethmoturbinals" and have several vital functions. Several different turbinate variations have been reported so far.

The performance of critical flicker frequency on determining of neurocognitive function loss in severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

This study aimed to compare the critical flicker frequency (CFF) and the mail-in cognitive function screening ınstrument (MCFSI) tests' effectiveness in diagnosing neurocognitive function losses in patients having severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). A total of 85 subjects (47 patients with a diagnosis of severe OSAS and 38 healthy controls) were included into the study. MCFSI scores greater than or equal to five and CFF scores less than 39 Hz were considered abnormal.

Evaluation of olfactory function in Behçet's disease.

Objective: Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic, relapsing type of vasculitis of unknown etiology and is characterized by oral and urogenital ulcers and ocular inflammation with cutaneous, musculoskeletal, vascular, and nervous system manifestations. Few cases involving the nasal mucosa have been reported in the literature, and the true prevalence of BD remains unknown. Neurological involvement associated with BD might play a more important role in causing olfactory dysfunction than mucosal involvement, but sufficient clinical data are not available on the effect of BD on olfaction in adults.

Radiological and audiometric evaluation of high jugular bulb and dehiscent high jugular bulb.

Objective: To inform on the incidence of high jugular bulb and dehiscent high jugular bulb, and the symptoms related to these vascular anomalies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of temporal bone computed tomography scans of 3285 patients who attended our clinic with various symptoms. The medical records of patients with high jugular bulb and dehiscent high jugular bulb were analysed, and the clinical findings reviewed.

Evaluation of olfactory function in children with allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis.

Objectives: Allergic rhinitis (AR) occurs when the symptoms of rhinitis arise as a result of allergen-induced nasal mucosal inflammation. In the presence of rhinitis symptoms without infection or an allergic reaction in the nose, non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) is considered. Adults with these diseases have increased frequency of olfactory dysfunction.

The impact of the cochlear-carotid interval on tinnitus perception.

Purpose: We hypothesized that the cochlear-carotid interval (CCI), which is defined as the smallest distance along the petrous segment of the internal carotid artery and basal turn of cochlea, may be associated with direct stimulation of hair cells, thereby affecting tinnitus perception. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the CCI, tinnitus perception, and accompanying hearing loss in patients with tinnitus.

Methods: The CCI on both sides was measured independently by two observers from the temporal 3D b-FFE MR images of 25 patients with tinnitus and 20 age/gender matched control subjects.

Limbic-Auditory Interactions of Tinnitus: An Evaluation Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging.

Objective: Tinnitus is defined as an imaginary subjective perception in the absence of an external sound. Convergent evidence proposes that tinnitus perception includes auditory, attentional and emotional components. The aim of this study was to investigate the thalamic, auditory and limbic interactions associated with tinnitus-related distress by Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI).

An evaluation of olfactory function in adults with gastro-esophageal reflux disease.

Conclusion: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the olfactory function of adult patients diagnosed with GERD. The results revealed that adults with GERD have diminished olfactory function.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the olfactory abilities of subjects using the 'Sniffin' Sticks' olfactory test.

Evaluation of olfactory function in adults with primary hypothyroidism.

Background: Sufficient clinical data are not available on the effect of hypothyroidism on olfactory function in adults. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the olfactory function of adult patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism.

Methods: Forty-five patients aged between 18 and 60 years who were diagnosed with clinical primary hypothyroidism and 45 healthy controls who had normal thyroid function tests were included in the study.

Impact of Multilevel Surgical Treatment on Mean Platelet Volume in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Background And Objectives: Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a potential marker of platelet reactivity. Increased MPV levels are shown to be the predictor of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and stroke. Previous studies demonstrated increased MPV levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Is preoperative paranasal sinus computed tomography necessary for every patient undergoing septoplasty?

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether anterior rhinoscopy (AR), nasal endoscopy (NE) and paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNS CT) can predict other sinonasal obstructive pathologies in the setting of nasal septal deviation (NSD), and to evaluate the impact of preoperative PNS CT on the decision for a surgical procedure in patients with NSD.

Methods: A total of 262 patients with NSD were evaluated using AR, NE, PNS CT, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) for nasal obstruction. The diagnostic values of AR, NE, and PNS CT for sinonasal obstructive pathologies, and the impact of preoperative PNS CT on the decision for a surgical procedure in patients with NSD were evaluated.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of primary amelanotic malign melanoma in the nasal cavity: a rare case.

Malign melanoma of the nasal cavity that arises at such an unusual location is an exceptional case only occasionally mentioned in the literature. An amelanotic form, which is an uncommon type for this malignancy, also has an unusual radiological appearence from the classic melanotic form. We report here the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a 46-year-old man who had a nasal cavity mass diagnosed as an amelanotic malign melanoma and discuss the importance of differential diagnosis with such an unusual radiological manifestation in this location.

The relationships between the clinical and polysomnographic findings and the olfactory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the clinical and polysomnographic findings and the olfactory test results in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: Four groups were established: non-snoring controls (group 1), non-apneic snorers (group 2), mild-moderate OSAS (group 3), and severe OSAS (group 4). The polysomnographic findings, otorhinolaryngologic findings, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Sniffin' Sticks olfactory test results of the four groups were compared.

A rare cause of abnormal epiglottic mobility and dyspagia: calcification of the epiglottis.

The dynamic function of the epiglottis plays an important role in preventing the aspiration of foods into the trachea during deglutition. Abnormal epiglottic movement may cause swallowing and aspiration problems. Epiglottic calcification is a rare cause of abnormal epiglottic movement pattern and dysphagia.

Unilateral right pulmonary agenesis in adulthood.

Congenital malformations of the lung, which may vary in degrees of severity, are very rare diseases. Pulmonary artery agenesis is a rare anomaly that may occur during the early involution of the proximal portions of the sixth aortic arch, during embryological development of the heart. This agenesis may be accompained by a complete or partial absence of the lung and its bronchus on the same side, which is diagnosed as pulmonary agenesis.

A rare cause of dysphagia in children: lymphangiomatous polyp of the palatine tonsil.

Oropharyngeal and tonsillar masses are a very rare cause of dysphagia in children. In this article, we describe a rare cause of dysphagia in children, a lymphangiomatous lesion of the palatine tonsil, and discuss the clinical and histopathologic features of these lesions.

Comparison of autogeneous and homogeneous nasal dorsal onlay grafts in an experimental design.

An experimental model was used for the comparative evaluation of autogeneous and homogeneous nasal dorsal onlay cartilage grafts. This study was conducted on 18 adult white New Zealand male rabbits. Nasal septal cartilage (NSC), sliced nasal septal cartilage (SNSC) and auricular cartilage (AC) grafts were prepared in autogeneous and homogeneous forms and placed into the subcutaneous pockets of the nasal dorsum of rabbits.

Multidimensional scale of perceived social support in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Social support is a very important aspect of debilitating diseases. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disabling disease that impairs a patient's quality of life and affects a patient's environment. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is used to measure the perception of the sufficiency of social support for individuals.

A rare cause of unilateral parotid gland swelling: compensatory hypertrophy due to the aplasia of the contralateral parotid gland.

In this clinical report, 3 cases, admitted to the ears, nose, throat outpatient clinic with the complaints of unilateral swelling in the parotid region and facial asymmetry, are presented. In the etiology, contralateral parotid gland aplasia with compensatory hypertrophy and sialosis was detected. With this rare condition, clinical and radiological features of this anomaly are discussed.

After myringotomy, can topical Mesna application be an alternative method to ventilation tube application?

Sodium-2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (Mesna) is a mucolytic substance that is also used for chemically assisted tissue dissection in otological surgery. We investigated the effects of Mesna as a chemical agent on the closing time of perforation of the eardrum in an experimental animal model. We performed simple myringotomy with a knife on 44 tympanic membranes of 22 rats.

Anomalous relationship of coexisting ipsilateral recurrent and nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerves during thyroid surgery.

One of the most important complications of thyroid surgery is inferior laryngeal nerve injury. Variations of inferior laryngeal nerve may increase the risk of iatrogenic injury. Coexistence of ipsilateral nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve is a very rare variation, and sufficient data are not available on the anatomical and functional relationship of the 2 branches and probable clinical outcomes resulting from the injury of one of them.

Giant congenital epiglottic cyst presenting with airway obstruction at birth.

Congenital laryngeal cysts (CLCs) are rare and may be fatal. Although CLCs have the potential to cause severe airway obstruction and death, these are not common presentations at birth. The most common CLCs are the aryepiglottic cysts, with the epiglottic cysts being the least common.

Comparison of minimally invasive techniques in tongue base surgery in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness and morbidity of 3 microinvasive tongue base surgical procedures combined with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in supine-dependent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.

Study Design: A prospective, randomized clinical study.

Setting: A tertiary referral center.