Correction: ORFanID: A web-based search engine for the discovery and identification of orphan and taxonomically restricted genes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Run, walk, cheer or volunteer: a patient and public involvement survey.

Background: Children with chronic diseases have been reported to participate in less regular physical activity (PA) than peers without chronic diseases; and less than recommended in guidelines. Sheffield Children's Foundation Trust (SCFT) is an Active Hospitals pilot site, exploring options to facilitate PA for all children. One option is collaboration with Junior Parkrun: a free, weekly 2 km running event for children.

The vital role of exercise and nutrition in COVID-19 rehabilitation: synergizing strength.

Since the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global healthcare community has faced the challenge of understanding and addressing the ongoing and multi-faceted SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes. As millions of individuals worldwide continue to navigate the complexities of post-hospitalization recovery, reinfection rates, and the increasing prevalence of Long-COVID symptoms, comprehensive COVID-19 rehabilitation strategies are greatly needed. Previous studies have highlighted the potential synergy between exercise and nutrition, suggesting that their integration into patient rehabilitation programs may yield improved clinical outcomes for survivors of COVID-19.

ORFanID: A web-based search engine for the discovery and identification of orphan and taxonomically restricted genes.

With the numerous genomes sequenced today, it has been revealed that a noteworthy percentage of genes in a given taxon of organisms in the phylogenetic tree of life do not have orthologous sequences in other taxa. These sequences are commonly referred to as "orphans" or "ORFans" if found as single occurrences in a single species or as "taxonomically restricted genes" (TRGs) when found at higher taxonomic levels. Quantitative and collective studies of these genes are necessary for understanding their biological origins.

Rapid assessment of adult abundance and demographic connectivity from juvenile kin pairs in a critically endangered species.

The viability of spatially structured populations depends on the abundance and connectivity between subpopulations of breeding adults. Yet, for many species, both are extremely difficult to assess. The speartooth shark is a critically endangered elasmobranch inhabiting tropical rivers with only three adults ever recorded in Australia.

Molecular Mechanisms Lead to Sex-Specific COVID-19 Prognosis and Targeted Therapies.

Clinical and epidemiological studies have identified male sex as an important risk factor for COVID-19 clinical outcomes and mortality. This raises the question as to how this risk factor can be addressed in the prognosis, clinical management, and the treatment of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, there are no guidelines or protocols to help alter the course of sex-specific COVID-19 prognosis, especially in severe disease presentations.

Biopsychosocial and Spiritual Implications of Patients With COVID-19 Dying in Isolation.

Critically ill patients with the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are dying in isolation without the comfort of their family or other social support in unprecedented numbers. Recently, healthcare teams at COVID-19 epicenters have been inundated with critically ill patients. Patients isolated for COVID-19 have had no contact with their family or loved ones and may have likely experienced death without closure.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sex-Specific COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes.

To successfully mitigate the extraordinary devastation caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is crucial to identify important risk factors for this disease. One such neglected health determinant is the sex of the patient. This is an essential clinical characteristic, as it can factor into a patient's clinical management and preventative measures.

Endoscopic toxin as a treatment for delayed gastric emptying following oesophagogastrectomy.

Introduction: The incidence of delayed gastric emptying (DGE) following oesophagogastrectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction is reported to be between 1.7% and 50%. This variation is due to differing practices of intraoperative pylorus drainage procedures, which increase the risk of postoperative biliary reflux and dumping syndrome, resulting in significant morbidity.

One panel to rule them all: DArTcap genotyping for population structure, historical demography, and kinship analyses, and its application to a threatened shark.

With recent advances in sequencing technology, genomic data are changing how important conservation management decisions are made. Applications such as Close-Kin Mark-Recapture demand large amounts of data to estimate population size and structure, and their full potential can only be realised through ongoing improvements in genotyping strategies. Here we introduce DArTcap, a cost-efficient method that combines DArTseq and sequence capture, and illustrate its use in a high resolution population analysis of Glyphis garricki, a rare, poorly known and threatened euryhaline shark.

Molecular Nanomachines Can Destroy Tissue or Kill Multicellular Eukaryotes.

Light-activated molecular nanomachines (MNMs) can be used to drill holes into prokaryotic (bacterial) cell walls and the membrane of eukaryotic cells, including mammalian cancer cells, by their fast rotational movement, leading to cell death. We examined how these MNMs function in multicellular organisms and investigated their use for treatment and eradication of specific diseases by causing damage to certain tissues and small organisms. Three model eukaryotic species, , , and (mouse), were evaluated.

Molecular Nanomachines Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall, Increasing Sensitivity of Extensively Drug-Resistant to Meropenem.

Multidrug resistance in pathogenic bacteria is an increasing problem in patient care and public health. Molecular nanomachines (MNMs) have the ability to open cell membranes using nanomechanical action. We hypothesized that MNMs could be used as antibacterial agents by drilling into bacterial cell walls and increasing susceptibility of drug-resistant bacteria to recently ineffective antibiotics.

Near-Infrared Light Activates Molecular Nanomachines to Drill into and Kill Cells.

Using two-photon excitation (2PE), molecular nanomachines (MNMs) are able to drill through cell membranes and kill the cells. This avoids the use of the more damaging ultraviolet light that has been used formerly to induce this nanomechanical cell-killing effect. Since 2PE is inherently confocal, enormous precision can be realized.

Accounting for kin sampling reveals genetic connectivity in Tasmanian and New Zealand school sharks, .

Unlabelled: Fishing represents a major problem for conservation of chondrichthyans, with a quarter of all species being overexploited. School sharks, , are targeted by commercial fisheries in Australia and New Zealand. The Australian stock has been depleted to below 20% of its virgin biomass, and the species is recorded as Conservation Dependent within Australia.

Genetic relatedness reveals total population size of white sharks in eastern Australia and New Zealand.

Conservation concerns exist for many sharks but robust estimates of abundance are often lacking. Improving population status is a performance measure for species under conservation or recovery plans, yet the lack of data permitting estimation of population size means the efficacy of management actions can be difficult to assess, and achieving the goal of removing species from conservation listing challenging. For potentially dangerous species, like the white shark, balancing conservation and public safety demands is politically and socially complex, often leading to vigorous debate about their population status.

Safety and effectiveness of antireflux surgery in obese patients.

Introduction The incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and obesity has increased significantly in recent years. The number of antireflux procedures being carried out on people with a higher body mass index (BMI) has been rising. Evidence is conflicting for outcomes of antireflux surgery in obese patients in terms of its safety and efficacy.

A comparison of genetic connectivity in two deep sea corals to examine whether seamounts are isolated islands or stepping stones for dispersal.

Ecological processes in the deep sea are poorly understood due to the logistical constraints of sampling thousands of metres below the ocean's surface and remote from most land masses. Under such circumstances, genetic data provides unparalleled insight into biological and ecological relationships. We use microsatellite DNA to compare the population structure, reproductive mode and dispersal capacity in two deep sea corals from seamounts in the Southern Ocean.

Inferring contemporary and historical genetic connectivity from juveniles.

Measuring population connectivity is a critical task in conservation biology. While genetic markers can provide reliable long-term historical estimates of population connectivity, scientists are still limited in their ability to determine contemporary patterns of gene flow, the most practical time frame for management. Here, we tackled this issue by developing a new approach that only requires juvenile sampling at a single time period.

Exploring the genetic basis of 3MC syndrome: Findings in 12 further families.

The 3MC syndromes are a group of rare autosomal recessive disorders where the main clinical features are cleft lip and palate, hypertelorism, highly arched eyebrows, caudal appendage, postnatal growth deficiency, and genitourinary tract anomalies. Ophthalmological abnormalities, most notably anterior chamber defects may also be seen. We describe the clinical and molecular findings in 13 individuals with suspected 3MC syndrome from 12 previously unreported families.

Evidence of discrete yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) populations demands rethink of management for this globally important resource.

Tropical tuna fisheries are central to food security and economic development of many regions of the world. Contemporary population assessment and management generally assume these fisheries exploit a single mixed spawning population, within ocean basins. To date population genetics has lacked the required power to conclusively test this assumption.

Spatial Patterns and Temperature Predictions of Tuna Fatty Acids: Tracing Essential Nutrients and Changes in Primary Producers.

Fatty acids are among the least understood nutrients in marine environments, despite their profile as key energy components of food webs and that they are essential to all life forms. Presented here is a novel approach to predict the spatial-temporal distributions of fatty acids in marine resources using generalized additive mixed models. Fatty acid tracers (FAT) of key primary producers, nutritional condition indices and concentrations of two essential long-chain (≥C20) omega-3 fatty acids (EFA) measured in muscle of albacore tuna, Thunnus alalunga, sampled in the south-west Pacific Ocean were response variables.

Patient recruitment and experiences in a randomised trial of supervised exercise training for individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysm.

We sought to describe patient recruitment and experiences in a randomised controlled trial of a 12-week (thrice weekly) supervised exercise program for patients with small abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Potential patients were identified via AAA surveillance lists and vascular clinics and invited to participate in the study. Upon completion of baseline assessments, patients were randomly allocated 1:1 to exercise or usual care.

Rate of stunting among a sample of postwar resettled families in the Vanni Region: a study from the Mullaitivu District.

The Department of Family Medicine, University of Kelaniya conducted a health camp in Puthukudiyiruppu in March 2011. Height and weight measurements were carried out and data of 303 participants were analysed. The rate of stunting among children below six years in this population was 62% compared to 19.