T cell receptor clonotype in tumor microenvironment contributes to intratumoral signaling network in patients with colorectal cancer.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has contributed to understanding cellular heterogeneity and immune profiling in cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate gene expression and immune profiling in colorectal cancer (CRC) using scRNA-seq. We analyzed single-cell gene expression and T cell receptor (TCR) sequences in 30 pairs of CRC and matched normal tissue.

Evaluation of vaccine efficacy with 2B/T epitope conjugated porcine IgG-Fc recombinants against foot-and-mouth disease virus.

The inactivated vaccine is effective in controlling foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), but it has drawbacks such as the need for a biosafety level 3 laboratory facility to handle live foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), high production costs, and biological safety risks. In response to these challenges, we developed a new recombinant protein vaccine (2BT-pIgG-Fc) containing porcine IgG-Fc to enhance protein stability in the body. This vaccine incorporates two-repeat B-cell and one-single T-cell epitope derived from O/Jincheon/SKR/2014.

Suspected Human-to-Cat Spillover of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in South Korea.

This retrospective study reports the isolation and characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a household cat in South Korea. The cat, which was presented with respiratory symptoms, was identified during a retrospective analysis of samples collected between April 2021 and March 2022. Genomic sequencing revealed that the isolated virus belonged to the Omicron variant (BA.

Proteomic analysis of breast cancer based on immune subtypes.

Background: Immunotherapy is applied to breast cancer to resolve the limitations of survival gain in existing treatment modalities. With immunotherapy, a tumor can be classified into immune-inflamed, excluded and desert based on the distribution of immune cells. We assessed the clinicopathological features, each subtype's prognostic value and differentially expressed proteins between immune subtypes.

Ultraviolet-C light at 222 nm has a high disinfecting spectrum in environments contaminated by infectious pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2.

Ultraviolet light (UV) acts as a powerful disinfectant and can prevent contamination of personal hygiene from various contaminated environments. The 222-nm wavelength of UV-C has a highly effective sterilization activity and is safer than 275-nm UV-C. We investigated the irradiation efficacy of 222-nm UV-C against contaminating bacteria and viruses in liquid and fabric environments.

Conductance stable and mechanically durable bi-layer EGaIn composite-coated stretchable fiber for 1D bioelectronics.

Deformable semi-solid liquid metal particles (LMP) have emerged as a promising substitute for rigid conductive fillers due to their excellent electrical properties and stable conductance under strain. However, achieving a compact and robust coating of LMP on fibers remains a persistent challenge, mainly due to the incompatibility of conventional coating techniques with LMP. Additionally, the limited durability and absence of initial electrical conductivity of LMP restrict their widespread application.

Amuvatinib Blocks SARS-CoV-2 Infection at the Entry Step of the Viral Life Cycle.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 propagation is mediated by the protein interaction between viral proteins and host cells. Tyrosine kinase has been implicated in viral replication, and hence, it has become a target for developing antiviral drugs.

Delta (B1.617.2) variant of SARS-CoV-2 induces severe neurotropic patterns in K18-hACE2 mice.

A highly contagious virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, caused the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants have been reported to circulate throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 symptoms include respiratory symptoms, fever, muscle pain, and breathing difficulty.

Attentional feature pyramid network for small object detection.

Recent state-of-the-art detectors generally exploit the Feature Pyramid Networks (FPN) due to its advantage of detecting objects at different scales. Despite significant advances in object detection owing to the design of feature pyramids, it is still challenging to detect small objects with low resolution and dense distribution in complex scenes. To address these problems, we propose Attentional Feature Pyramid Network, a new feature pyramid architecture named AFPN which consists of three components to enhance the small object detection ability, specifically: Dynamic Texture Attention, Foreground-Aware Co-Attention, and Detail Context Attention.

A Personalized Electronic Tattoo for Healthcare Realized by On-the-Spot Assembly of an Intrinsically Conductive and Durable Liquid-Metal Composite.

Conventional electronic (e-) skins are a class of thin-film electronics mainly fabricated in laboratories or factories, which is incapable of rapid and simple customization for personalized healthcare. Here a new class of e-tattoos is introduced that can be directly implemented on the skin by facile one-step coating with various designs at multi-scale depending on the purpose of the user without a substrate. An e-tattoo is realized by attaching Pt-decorated carbon nanotubes on gallium-based liquid-metal particles (CMP) to impose intrinsic electrical conductivity and mechanical durability.

Evaluation of Antiviral Effect against SARS-CoV-2 Propagation by Crude Polysaccharides from Seaweed and Abalone Viscera In Vitro.

Crude polysaccharides, extracted from two seaweed species ( and ) and (abalone) viscera, were evaluated for their inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 propagation. Plaque titration revealed that these crude polysaccharides efficiently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 propagation with IC values ranging from 0.35 to 4.

Rapid meniscus-guided printing of stable semi-solid-state liquid metal microgranular-particle for soft electronics.

Liquid metal is being regarded as a promising material for soft electronics owing to its distinct combination of high electrical conductivity comparable to that of metals and exceptional deformability derived from its liquid state. However, the applicability of liquid metal is still limited due to the difficulty in simultaneously achieving its mechanical stability and initial conductivity. Furthermore, reliable and rapid patterning of stable liquid metal directly on various soft substrates at high-resolution remains a formidable challenge.

Asunaprevir, a Potent Hepatitis C Virus Protease Inhibitor, Blocks SARS-CoV-2 Propagation.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has become a global health concern. Various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been developed and are being used for vaccination worldwide. However, no therapeutic agents against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been developed so far; therefore, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed.

Hetero-Dimensional 2D TiCT MXene and 1D Graphene Nanoribbon Hybrids for Machine Learning-Assisted Pressure Sensors.

Hybridization of low-dimensional components with diverse geometrical dimensions should offer an opportunity for the discovery of synergistic nanocomposite structures. In this regard, how to establish a reliable interfacial interaction is the key requirement for the successful integration of geometrically different components. Here, we present 1D/2D heterodimensional hybrids via dopant induced hybridization of 2D TiCT MXene with 1D nitrogen-doped graphene nanoribbon.

From Diagnosis to Treatment: Recent Advances in Patient-Friendly Biosensors and Implantable Devices.

Patient-friendly medical diagnostics and treatments have been receiving a great deal of interest due to their rapid and cost-effective health care applications with minimized risk of infection, which has the potential to replace conventional hospital-based medical procedures. In particular, the integration of recently developed materials into health care devices allows the rapid development of point-of-care (POC) sensing platforms and implantable devices with special functionalities. In this review, the recent advances in biosensors for patient-friendly diagnosis and implantable devices for patient-friendly treatment are discussed.

Patterns of Integrative Korean Medicine Practice for Anxiety Disorders: A Survey among Korean Medicine Doctors (KMDs) in Korea.

Anxiety disorder is known as the most common disease among psychiatric disorders. However, many studies have not been conducted in the Korean medicine area. This study explores the current state of anxiety disorder treatments of Korean medicine through a survey research.

PGAP6, a GPI-specific phospholipase A2, has narrow substrate specificity against GPI-anchored proteins.

PGAP6, also known as TMEM8A, is a phospholipase A2 with specificity to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and expressed on the surface of various cells. CRIPTO, a GPI-anchored co-receptor for a morphogenic factor Nodal, is a sensitive substrate of PGAP6. PGAP6-mediated shedding of CRIPTO plays a critical role in an early stage of embryogenesis.

Deep-Learning-Based Deconvolution of Mechanical Stimuli with TiCT MXene Electromagnetic Shield Architecture Dual-Mode Wireless Signal Variation Mechanism.

Passive component-based soft resonators have been spotlighted in the field of wearable and implantable devices due to their remote operation capability and tunable properties. As the output signal of the resonator-based wireless communication device is given in the form of a vector (, a spectrum of reflection coefficient), multiple information can, in principle, be stored and interpreted. Herein, we introduce a device that can deconvolute mechanical stimuli from a single wireless signal using dual-mode operation, specifically enabled by the use of TiCT MXene.

Sulfated syndecan 1 is critical to preventing cellular senescence by modulating fibroblast growth factor receptor endocytosis.

Cellular senescence can be triggered by various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. We previously reported that silencing of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthetase 2 (PAPSS2) induces cellular senescence through augmented fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) signaling. However, the exact molecular mechanism connecting heparan sulfation and cellular senescence remains unclear.

Comparative study on biodegradation and biocompatibility of multichannel calcium phosphate based bone substitutes.

The objective of this study was to fabricate multichannel biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) bone substitutes and compare their long-term biodegradation and bone regeneration potentials. Multi-channel BCP and TCP scaffolds were fabricated by multi-pass extrusion process. Both scaffolds were cylindrical with a diameter of 1-mm, a length of 1-mm, and seven interconnected channels.

Boron Nitride as a Passivation Capping Layer for AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors.

We report on the electrical characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as a passivation capping layer. The HEMTs with h-BN layers showed an increase in current drainage and 103-times reduction in the gate-leakage current compared with those of conventional unpassivated HEMTs. Moreover, the extrinsic transconductance and the pulse responses were improved due to the reduced charge-trapping effect at the surface of HEMTs.