Anti-inflammatory effects of Chrysophyllum cainito fruit extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages.

The present paper sought to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract (ME), hexane-ethyl acetate fraction E (FE) found in Chrysophyllum cainito fruits (CCF), as well the lupeol acetate (LA) obtained from FE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. The macrophages were treated with ME, FE or LA at various concentrations and the viability of cells was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide method. Production of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, as well as the nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) levels was determined using macrophages treated with ME, FE or LA at various concentrations and stimulated with LPS as an in vitro model.