Genotyping-by-sequencing uncovers a Thinopyrum 4StS·1JS Robertsonian translocation linked to multiple stress tolerances in bread wheat.

GBS read coverage analysis identified a Robertsonian chromosome from two Thinopyrum subgenomes in wheat, conferring leaf and stripe rust resistance, drought tolerance, and maintaining yield stability. Agropyron glael (GLAEL), a Thinopyrum intermedium × Th. ponticum hybrid, serves as a valuable genetic resource for wheat improvement.

A synchronized, large-scale field experiment using Arabidopsis thaliana reveals the significance of the UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 under natural conditions.

This study determines the functional role of the plant ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) photoreceptor, UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) under natural conditions using a large-scale 'synchronized-genetic-perturbation-field-experiment'. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated a role for UVR8 in UV-B responses but do not reflect the complexity of outdoor conditions where 'genotype × environment' interactions can mask laboratory-observed responses. Arabidopsis thaliana knockout mutant, uvr8-7, and the corresponding Wassilewskija wild type, were sown outdoors on the same date at 21 locations across Europe, ranging from 39°N to 67°N latitude.

Expression responses of genes in tomato and potato to environmental mechanical forces: focus on behavior in response to rainfall, wind and touch.

Rainfall, wind and touch, as mechanical forces, were mimicked on 6-week-old soil-grown tomato and potato under controlled conditions. Expression level changes of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes (s) of tomato ( L. cv.

Case report: Targeted treatment strategies for Erdheim-Chester disease.

Introduction: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare disease that belongs to the group of Dendritic and histiocytic neoplasms. Only 2000 cases have been reported worldwide. It can present with a wide range of symptoms, making a differential diagnosis especially difficult.

A Review of Ambulance Terrorism on the African Continent.

Background: In recent decades, an increasing number of terrorist attacks have been carried out against medical institutions, hospitals, and health care workers. These attacks, that often result in high numbers of casualties and impaired access to health services, have a more significant impact on people's sense of security than attacks against military and police targets. Attacks on ambulances - especially on the African continent - have been sparsely studied.

The New and Key Roles for Psychological Contract Status and Engagement in Predicting Various Performance Behaviors of Nurses.

The study examines the impact of the psychological contract (PC), including the often-studied PC breach in addition to the novel approach of PC status, as predictors of performance among nurses, mediated by engagement, job satisfaction, and psychological distress. A sample of 177 nurses and midwives from a medium to a large hospital in Australia completed a self-report questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was used to determine associations between the predictors (i.

Ultrasound, as a hypomethylating agent, remodels DNA methylation and alters mRNA transcription in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings.

Any treatment that affects seed germination and seedling development is of paramount importance from an agricultural point of view since they are critical prerequisites for successful crop production. In present study, we have examined the after-effect of ultrasonication (at 30 kHz, 70 W for 5 min) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv.

The NKCC1 ion transporter modulates microglial phenotype and inflammatory response to brain injury in a cell-autonomous manner.

The NKCC1 ion transporter contributes to the pathophysiology of common neurological disorders, but its function in microglia, the main inflammatory cells of the brain, has remained unclear to date. Therefore, we generated a novel transgenic mouse line in which microglial NKCC1 was deleted. We show that microglial NKCC1 shapes both baseline and reactive microglia morphology, process recruitment to the site of injury, and adaptation to changes in cellular volume in a cell-autonomous manner via regulating membrane conductance.

Hippocampal sharp wave-ripples and the associated sequence replay emerge from structured synaptic interactions in a network model of area CA3.

Hippocampal place cells are activated sequentially as an animal explores its environment. These activity sequences are internally recreated ('replayed'), either in the same or reversed order, during bursts of activity (sharp wave-ripples [SWRs]) that occur in sleep and awake rest. SWR-associated replay is thought to be critical for the creation and maintenance of long-term memory.

Attitudes towards Participation in a Passive Data Collection Experiment.

In this paper, we present the results of an exploratory study conducted in Hungary using a factorial design-based online survey to explore the willingness to participate in a future research project based on active and passive data collection via smartphones. Recently, the improvement of smart devices has enabled the collection of behavioural data on a previously unimaginable scale. However, the willingness to share this data is a key issue for the social sciences and often proves to be the biggest obstacle to conducting research.

Promoter analysis of the SPATULA (FvSPT) and SPIRAL (FvSPR) genes in the woodland diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.).

The aim of this study was to identify transcription factor (TF) binding sites and cis-regulatory elements (CREs) on the promoters of FvSPR1-like2 (SPIRAL) and FvSPT (SPATULA) genes in the woodland diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.). We identified: (1) MYB59, WRKY25 and WRKY8 TFs which play a role in ethylene signaling; (2) ARF family of TFs which play a role in ARF-mediated auxin signaling on the promoter of FvSPR1-like2 gene; (3) ARR family of TFs which play a role in cytokinin signaling; (4) ERF family of TFs which play a role in ethylene signaling on the promoter of FvSPT.

Abiotic stress elements in in vitro potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) exposed to air-based and liquid-based ultrasound: A comparative transcriptomic assessment.

Ultrasound (US) can modify the plant growth and development. Previous assessments of the transcriptome of in vitro potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) exposed to US transmitted through air (AB-US) or liquid (PE-US) revealed the up- or down-regulation of several stress-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to abiotic stress.

Shoot tip necrosis of in vitro plant cultures: a reappraisal of possible causes and solutions.

Shoot tip necrosis is a physiological condition that negatively impacts the growth and development of in vitro plant shoot cultures across a wide range of species. Shoot tip necrosis is a physiological condition and disorder that can arise in plantlets or shoots in vitro that results in death of the shoot tip. This condition, which can spread basipetally and affect the emergence of axillary shoots from buds lower down the stem, is due to the cessation of apical dominance.

Publisher Correction: Distinct synchronization, cortical coupling and behavioral function of two basal forebrain cholinergic neuron types.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Author Correction: Genetic insights into the social organisation of the Avar period elite in the 7th century AD Carpathian Basin.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Mining sequences with similarity to genes in the L. transcriptome: introductory step for identifying homologous genes.

The () genes in (L.) Heynh. form part of a group of mechano-stimulated genes and play an important role in abiotic stress tolerance.

Distinct synchronization, cortical coupling and behavioral function of two basal forebrain cholinergic neuron types.

Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) modulate synaptic plasticity, cortical processing, brain states and oscillations. However, whether distinct types of BFCNs support different functions remains unclear. Therefore, we recorded BFCNs in vivo, to examine their behavioral functions, and in vitro, to study their intrinsic properties.

The role of detours in individual human navigation patterns of complex networks.

Despite its importance for public transportation, communication within organizations or the general understanding of organized knowledge, our understanding of how human individuals navigate complex networked systems is still limited owing to the lack of datasets recording a sufficient amount of navigation paths of individual humans. Here, we analyse 10587 paths recorded from 259 human subjects when navigating between nodes of a complex word-morph network. We find a clear presence of systematic detours organized around individual hierarchical scaffolds guiding navigation.

Median raphe controls acquisition of negative experience in the mouse.

Adverse events need to be quickly evaluated and memorized, yet how these processes are coordinated is poorly understood. We discovered a large population of excitatory neurons in mouse median raphe region (MRR) expressing vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGluT2) that received inputs from several negative experience-related brain centers, projected to the main aversion centers, and activated the septohippocampal system pivotal for learning of adverse events. These neurons were selectively activated by aversive but not rewarding stimuli.

Changes in DNA methylation pattern of apple long-term in vitro shoot culture and acclimatized plants.

DNA methylation is a process of epigenetic modification that can alter the functionality of a genome. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, this study quantify the level of DNA methylation in the epigenomes of two diploid apple (Malus x domestica) scion cultivars ('McIntosh' and 'Húsvéti rozmaring') derived from three environmental conditions: in vivo mother plants in an orchard, in vitro culture, and acclimatized in vitro plants. The global DNA methylation levels were not dependent on the source of plant material, and the average level of DNA methylation was 49.

Brainstem nucleus incertus controls contextual memory formation.

Hippocampal pyramidal cells encode memory engrams, which guide adaptive behavior. Selection of engram-forming cells is regulated by somatostatin-positive dendrite-targeting interneurons, which inhibit pyramidal cells that are not required for memory formation. Here, we found that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-releasing neurons of the mouse nucleus incertus (NI) selectively inhibit somatostatin-positive interneurons in the hippocampus, both monosynaptically and indirectly through the inhibition of their subcortical excitatory inputs.

mRNA transcription profile of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) exposed to ultrasound during different stages of in vitro plantlet development.

In response to an ultrasound pulse, several hundred DEGs, including in response to stress, were up- or down-regulated in in vitro potato plantlets. Despite this abiotic stress, plantlets survived. Ultrasound (US) can influence plant growth and development.