[Sarcopenia as the reason of hypodiagnostics of chronic kidney disease in patients with chronic heart failure.].

The purpose of the research is comparison of glomerular filtration rate calculated on the basis of serum concentrations of creatinine and cystatin C in patients with chronic heart failure and sarcopenia. In this research 86 patients with chronic heart failure and sarcopenia aged 60 to 92 years (mean age 75±7 years) were examined. GFR calculation was determined using formulas based on creatinine (CKD-EPIC), cystatin C (CKD-EPICys) in blood and both markers (CKD-EPICr-Cys).

[Determination of cytokines and adhesion molecules in elderly and senile patients with aortic valve calcification.].

A laboratory study of the cytokine profile and the content of the intercellular adhesion molecules was performed in 38 patients with initial signs of aortic hemilunus calcification. It has been determined that the content of IL-6 and IL-8 had significantly higher values compared with the control group, which indicates the direct role of nonspecific chronic inflammation in the development of calcifying aortic valve damage. A significantly lower content of sE-selectin was also identified, which may indicate the absence of activation of adhesion molecules at the initial stage of aortic valve calcification.

[Indicators of lipid exchange as early markers of development calcific aortic valve disease.].

A comprehensive study of lipidograms of 36 patients with initial signs of calcification of aortic semilunium was performed. It was determined that the content of apolipoprotein A-1 was significantly lower in comparison with the control groups, which requires further studies of the evaluation of the effect on the process of early development of calcification of drugs capable to increasing its content. If the concentration of apolipoprotein A-1 is less than 1,1 mg/dl and/or the apoB/apoA ratio is increased by more than 1, it is advisable to recommend dispensary follow-up with regular (no less than 1 time in 5 years) echocardiographic study with a detailed study of the functional state of the aortic valve.

Physicochemical characterization of human cardiovascular deposits.

Detailed crystal chemical characterization of human pathological cardiovascular deposits (PCD) was conducted applying wide set of the instrumental methods (XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, different chemical analyses). There was some progress achieved in the understanding of it formation mechanism. The obtained data evidence that pathological cardiovascular deposits are presented by non-stoichiometric water-bearing B-type carbonated hydroxyapatite just like other apatites of the human body.

[The possibilities of ultrasound testing in diagnostics of sarcopenia in older patients with chronic heart failure.].

The article presents the results of a study of the possibility of ultrasound testing of sarcopenia in older people suffering from chronic heart failure. All patients (63 persons, mean age 77,2±7,7 years) underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 31 patients (FNIH sarcopenia project, 2014).

[Actuality of pathomorphogenesis investment in calcific aortic valve stenosis.].

The increasing of lifetime industrial countries population leads to widespreading diseases of age. Dramatic growth of sclerodegenerative heart valve diseases in last decades is one of the best examples. We observed 814 patients of different gender and age with acquired heart valve diseases using echocardiography.

[CALCIFYING NANOPARTICLES IN PATHOMORPHOGENESIS OF STRUCTURAL LESIONS OF HEART VALVES].

Over the last 10 years, calcifying nanoparticles (CNP) have attracted attention as structures detected. together with many other nanostructures in biopsies from patients operated for the correction of aortic valve malformations. The results of the present work performed with the use of high-resolution transmission and scanning electron microscopes agree on the whole with the data of other authors.

[ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH DEGENERATIVE AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS: THE STATE-OF-THE-ART].

Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of endothelial dysfunction in patients with degenerative aortic valve stenosis are considered with special reference to the markers of anticoagulative, fibrinolytic, proliferative, anti-inflammatory functions of endothelium and their pathogenetic role in vascular and valvular remodeling. Results of analysis of certain clinical studies with the use of determinants of endothelial dysfunction are presented for the assessment of clinical prognosis in patients with degenerative aortic valve stenosis.

Evidence for the existence of a sulfhydryl group in the adenylate cyclase active site.

6-Cloro-9-beta-d-ribofuranosylpurine 5'-triphosphate (CIRTP) and 6-mercapto-9-beta-d-ribofuranosylpurine 5'-triphosphate (SRTP) irreversibly inhibit adenylate cyclase from rat brain. Adenosine 5'-[beta, gamma -imido] triphosphate protects the enzyme against inactivation by CIRTP and SRTP and acts as a competitive inhibitor with respect to ATP with the Ki value 2 X 10(-4) M. Study of the pH-dependence of the rate of the enzyme inactivation by CIRTP showed that pK for the group modified by this compound is equal to 7.

Na,K-dependent adenosine triphosphate phosphohydrolase: activation of the phosphatase reaction by ATP analogs.

The effect of N1-substituted analogs of ATP on the hydrolysis of umbelliferone phosphate by Na,K-ATPase has demonstrated: analogs having a negatively charged substituent (N1-oxy- or N1-carbo-methoxy-ATP) and capable of accepting H+ induce an activation similar to that of ATP; N1-methoxy-ATP, containing an uncharged substituent, does not affect the phosphatase reaction at low concentration and inhibits it at higher concentration. It has been assumed that ATP binding to Na,K-ATPase induces formation of a hydrogen bond between the nitrogen atom at the first position of the purine base and appropriate amino acid of active centre, with a subsequent attachment of H+ to ATP, thus facilitating the transition of Na,K-ATPase from the K+- to the Na+-form.