French National Authority for Health assessment of metabolic surgery for type 2 diabetes remission-A meta-analysis in patients with class I to III obesity.

Objective: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the superiority of metabolic surgery (MS) over medical therapy (MT) in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, leading, to a joint statement in 2016 proposing MS to patients with class I obesity and uncontrolled glycemia. Yet, these RCTs included few patients with class I obesity (body mass index 30-35 kg/m) and even fewer patients with overweight. Our aim was to provide an updated systematic review (SR) with meta-analysis (MA) of RCTs reporting diabetes remission (DR) after MS in these patients.

Current Status of Myocardial Perfusion Imaging With New SPECT/CT Cameras.

Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) has a major role in the management of coronary artery disease. Recent technological advances regarding SPECT detectors with the use of solid-state detectors has allowed for improved imaging quality since a decade with dramatic dose and/or time reduction of imaging protocols due to improved sensitivity and spatial resolution, and is now performed as a routine exam. Interestingly, this new technology has modified our everyday practice, from acquisition protocols (low dose and ultra-fast protocols) to image semiology.

Nanostructured lipid carriers accumulate in atherosclerotic plaques of ApoE mice.

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) might represent an interesting approach for the identification and targeting of rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaques. In this study, we evaluated the biodistribution, targeting ability and safety of Cu-fonctionalized NLC in atherosclerotic mice. Cu-chelating-NLC (51.

Cleaved CD31 as a target for in vivo molecular imaging of inflammation.

There is a need for new targets to specifically localize inflammatory foci, usable in a wide range of organs. Here, we hypothesized that the cleaved molecular form of CD31 is a suitable target for molecular imaging of inflammation. We evaluated a bioconjugate of D-P8RI, a synthetic peptide that binds all cells with cleaved CD31, in an experimental rat model of sterile acute inflammation.

Pharmaceutical Development and Safety Evaluation of a GMP-Grade Fucoidan for Molecular Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases.

The adhesion molecule P-selectin is present on the cell surface of both activated endothelium and activated platelets. The present study describes the pharmaceutical development, safety evaluation, and preclinical efficacy of a micro-dosed radiotracer. The macromolecular nanoscale assembly consisted of a natural compound made of a sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides (fucoidan) and a radionuclide (technetium-99m) for the detection of -selectin expression in cardiovascular diseases.

Diagnostic Impact of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and White Blood Cell SPECT/Computed Tomography in Patients With Suspected Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Chronic Infection.

Background: Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) chronic infection diagnosis is challenging because the clinical presentation is frequently misleading and echocardiography may be inconclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) and radiolabeled white blood cells single photon emission CT/CT in a cohort of patients who underwent both scans for suspicion of CIED infection and inconclusive routine investigations.

Methods: Forty-eight consecutive patients with suspicion of CIED infection who underwent both F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT and white blood cell single photon emission CT/CT in a time span ≤30 days were retrospectively included.

FDG atrial uptake is associated with an increased prevalence of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with an increased risk of stroke. Indeed, silent AF is frequently identified in unexplained ischemic stroke. F-FDG-PET/CT is a powerful tool for assessing myocardial metabolic shift and inflammation, both potentially at stake in AF.

Cause of death analysis and temporal trends in survival after liver transplantation for transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy.

Background: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a multisystemic disease involving mainly the peripheral nervous system and the heart. Liver transplantation (LT) is the reference treatment for ATTR neuropathy and preoperative detection of high risk patients is crucial. We aimed to document the causes of death of ATTR patients after LT, their temporal trends, and to evaluate whether the available preoperative tools that predict the risk of death after LT for hereditary ATTR amyloidosis matched with these trends.

Head-to-head comparison of the diagnostic performances of Rubidium-PET and SPECT with CZT camera for the detection of myocardial ischemia in a population of women and overweight individuals.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performances for the detection of myocardial ischemia of 82-Rb-PET-MPS and 99m-Tc-SPECT-MPS in overweight individuals and women.

Methods And Results: Men with BMI ≥ 25 and women referred for MPS were considered for inclusion. All individuals underwent 99m-Tc-SPECT-MPS with CZT cameras and 82-Rb-PET-MPS in 3D-mode.

Fractionated elution of 99Mo/99mTc generators using calibrated vials.

Fractionated elution consists in collecting the fractions of an eluate with the highest radioactive concentration. It may be useful to meet the requirements of a subset of clinical radiopharmacy procedures. This study aims to describe and evaluate straightforward procedures allowing to readily perform fractionated elution on dry and wet columns Mo/Tc generators by using calibrated vials.

Comparison between visual and numerical metrics for the evaluation of patients with Takayasu arteritis with 18F-FDG-PET.

Introduction: The choice of metrics for defining active Takayasu arteritis (TAK) using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG)-PET remains controversial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare in the same patients the diagnostic performance for the detection of active TAK of different metrics applied for the quantification of vascular F-FDG uptake with PET.

Patients And Methods: Overall, 62 PET acquisitions were performed 90 min after F-FDG injection in 15 patients with TAK and analyzed retrospectively.

Can Nuclear Imaging Techniques Predict Patient Outcome and Guide Medical Management in Hereditary Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis?

Purpose Of Review: Nuclear imaging recently gained a key role in the diagnosis and prognostic assessment of transthyretin (TTR)-related cardiac amyloidosis. This review aims at summarizing the state-of-the art regarding the implementation of nuclear imaging in the management of hereditary mutated TTR-cardiac amyloidosis (mTTR-CA).

Recent Findings: Although cardiac uptake of bone tracers is acknowledged as a specific marker of TTR amyloid cardiac burden, recent studies validated the implementation of bone scan in the flow chart for non-invasive diagnosis and follow-up of CA in multicenter trials.

F-FDG-PET/CT Imaging to Diagnose Septic Emboli and Mycotic Aneurysms in Patients with Endocarditis and Cardiac Device Infections.

Purpose Of Review: This review analyzes recent studies evaluating the diagnostic value of F-FDG-PET/CT for the detection of peripheral emboli and secondary infectious foci in patients with infective endocarditis and cardiac device infections.

Recent Findings: Detection of extracardiac septic localizations in patients with infective endocarditis and cardiac device infections is crucial, as it may impact the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic management. Recent literature substantiated the clinical usefulness of F-FDG-PET/CT in this setting.

Cardiac denervation evidenced by MIBG occurs earlier than amyloid deposits detection by diphosphonate scintigraphy in TTR mutation carriers.

Purpose: Cardiac involvement in familial transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is of major prognostic value, and the development of early-diagnostic tools that could trigger the use of new disease-modifying treatments is crucial. The aim of our study was to compare the respective contributions of Tc-diphosphonate scintigraphy (DPD, detecting amyloid deposits) and I-MIBG (MIBG, assessing cardiac sympathetic denervation) in patients with genetically proven TTR mutation referred for the assessment of cardiac involvement.

Methods: We prospectively studied 75 consecutive patients (classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic carriers), using clinical evaluation, biomarkers (troponin and BNP), echocardiography, and nuclear imaging.

Relationship between cardiac microvascular dysfunction measured with 82Rubidium-PET and albuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Albuminuria is of one the strongest predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetes. Diabetes is associated with cardiac microvascular dysfunction (CMD), a powerful, independent prognostic factor for cardiac mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CMD and microvascular complications in patients without known CVD.