Analysis of codon usage bias in mitochondrial CO gene among platyhelminthes.

The phenomenon of non-uniform usage of the synonymous codons, where some codons are given more preference to others, is known as codon usage bias (CUB). CUB is known to be determined by two major evolutionary forces i.e.

Analysis of codon usage pattern of mitochondrial ND genes in Platyhelminthes.

Codon usage bias (CUB) is the nonrandom usage of synonymous codons in which some codons are more preferred to others.CUB can be determined by mutation pressure and selection. Various approaches have been used to understand the pattern of CUB in the mitochondrial ND (MT-ND or ND) genes involved in complex I of respiratory chain in five different classes of Platyhelminthes as no work was reported yet.

Compositional features and codon usage pattern of TP63 gene.

The tumor protein p63encoded by the gene TP63 acts as a homologue of p53 protein. TP63 gene is the transformation factor with two initiation sites for transcriptional process and is related with stress, signal transduction and cell cycle control. The biasness in the preference of a few codons more frequently over other synonymous codons is the codon usage bias (CUB).

Preference of A/T ending codons in mitochondrial ATP6 gene under phylum Platyhelminthes: Codon usage of ATP6 gene in Platyhelminthes.

Unequal usage of synonymous codons in the gene transcript for an amino acid is known as codon usage bias (CUB). It is a unique property of gene as well as genome. Mutation and natural selection are known to be the major factors that influence CUB.

Analysis of codon usage pattern of mitochondrial protein-coding genes in different hookworms.

The phenomenon of unequal usage of synonymous codons encoding an amino acid in which some codons are more preferred to others is the codon usage bias (CUB) and it is species specific. Analysis of CUB helps in understanding evolution at molecular level and acquires significance in mRNA translation, design of transgenes and new gene discovery. In our current study, we analyzed synonymous codon usage pattern and the factors influencing it on mitochondrial protein coding genes of 6 different hookworms i.

Codon usage pattern of complex III gene of respiratory chain among platyhelminths.

Codon usage bias refers to the phenomenon where synonymous codons are used with unequal frequencies. To understand the patterns of codon usage in mitochondrial cytochrome B (MT-CYB) gene of phylum platyhelminthes we used bioinformatic approaches to analyze the protein coding sequences of five different classes - cestoda, monogenea, rabditophora, trematoda and turbellaria. It was found from nucleotide composition analysis that in all the classes, A/T-ended codons were preferred to G/C -ended codons.

Comparative analysis of codon usage pattern and its influencing factors in Schistosoma japonicum and Ascaris suum.

Schistosoma japonicum and Ascaris suum are considered as the major parasites of human which cause various life threatening diseases such as schistomiasis and ascariasis. The codon usage bias (CUB) is known as the phenomenon of more usage of a specific codon than the other synonymous codons for an amino acid. The factors that influence the codon usage bias are mutation pressure, natural selection, gene expression, gene length, GC content, RNA stability, recombination rates, codon position etc.