Evaluation of Cognitive Functions in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Pilot Study.

Purpose: It is not clear whether cognitive functions are impaired in young patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to detect whether or not there is cognitive impairment and cerebral changes in young patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Patients And Methods: All 50 patients with ACS who were treated with primary PCI were eligible for this prospective study.

Diffusion tensor imaging findings in the hunger and satiety centers of the brain after bariatric surgery: a preliminary study.

Purpose: To investigate the alterations in the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters measured in the hunger and satiety centers of the brain before and after bariatric surgery (BS) in morbidly obese patients.

Methods: Fourty morbidly obese patients were evaluated before and after BS. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were calculated from 14 related brain locations, and the DTI parameters were analyzed.

Altered gut microbiota in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease: an age-sex matched case-control study.

Objective: The investigations related to how gut microbiota changes the brain-gut axis in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) attract growing interest. We aimed to determine whether gut microbiota is altered in PD patients and whether non-motor symptoms of PD and disease duration had any relation with alterations of microbiota profiles among patients.

Methods: Microbial taxa in stool samples obtained from 84 subjects (42-PD patients and 42-healthy spouses) were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon-sequencing.

Does transcranial direct current stimulation enhance cognitive performance in Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment? An event-related potentials and neuropsychological assessment study.

Background: Parkinson's disease-mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) is garnering attention as a key interventional period for cognitive impairment. Currently, there are no approved treatments for PD-MCI and encouraging results of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with other interventions have been proposed, though the efficacy and neural mechanisms of tDCS alone have not been studied in PD-MCI yet.

Objectives: The present double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study assessed the effects of tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on cognitive functions via neuropsychological and electrophysiological evaluations in individuals with PD-MCI for the first time.

Revisiting the complex architecture of ALS in Turkey: Expanding genotypes, shared phenotypes, molecular networks, and a public variant database.

The last decade has proven that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and that the genetic component in sporadic cases might be stronger than expected. This study investigates 1,200 patients to revisit ALS in the ethnically heterogeneous yet inbred Turkish population. Familial ALS (fALS) accounts for 20% of our cases.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A single center experience and systemic analysis of cases in Turkey.

Background And Purpose: We aimed to analyze the clinical, laboratory and neuroimaging findings in patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in a single center as well as to review other published cases in Turkey.

Methods: Between January 1st, 2014 and June 31st, 2017, all CJD cases were evaluated based on clinical findings, differential diagnosis, the previous misdiagnosis, electroencephalography (EEG), cerebrospinal fluid and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in our center. All published cases in Turkey between 2005-2018 were also reviewed.

Evaluation of retinal alterations in Parkinson disease and tremor diseases.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been suggested as a method for detection of retinal alterations in neurodegenerative diseases. The usefulness of OCT as a diagnostic tool to differentiate Parkinson's disease (PD) from other tremor diseases, remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate morphological changes of the retina in patients with PD, essential tremor (ET), essential tremor-Parkinson's disease (ET-PD) using OCT.

Frequency of the TREM2 R47H Variant in Various Neurodegenerative Disorders.

Objective: A rare variant in TREM2 (p.R47H, rs75932628) has been consistently reported to increase the risk for Alzheimer disease (AD), while mixed evidence has been reported for association of the variant with other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated the frequency of the R47H variant in a diverse and well-characterized multicenter neurodegenerative disease cohort.

Investigation of the Effects of Biochemical Parameters on Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The most common type of dementia is an Alzheimer's disease which is a major concern in growing chronic diseases in the geriatric society, and its connection with biochemistry has not been sufficiently understood.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of blood biochemistry on Alzheimer's disease.

Method: Eight participants aged 55+ with Alzheimer's disease were analyzed.

Specific alterations in the circulating levels of the SIRT1, TLR4, and IL7 proteins in patients with dementia.

Sirtuins have gained considerable attention as epigenetic regulators for slowing aging and age-related disorders. The growing association between neurodegeneration and inflammation has led researchers to investigate interactions of sirtuins with inflammatory markers in neurodegenerative diseases. We analyzed SIRT1's association with chronic inflammation in dementia as an age-related neurodegenerative condition through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and interleukin-7 (IL7) for the first time.

Association between etiology and lesion site in ischemic brainstem infarcts: a retrospective observational study.

Background And Purpose: To assess the anatomical distribution of the ischemic strokes of the brainstem, the effect of anatomical distribution on clinical features and prognosis, and the association between etiology and anatomical involvement.

Methods: A retrospective search of the patient database of our institution was performed for a total of 227 patients who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty of Bezmialem Vakif University between January 2012 and September 2014. Patients with adequate diagnostic data and 3-month follow-up visit were included in the study.

Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: Effects on Quality of Life.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate motor and non-motor symptoms in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) patients and to determine the self-reported influence of all existing symptoms on their quality of life (QoL).

Methods: The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, medical treatments, and Modified Hoehn and Yahr (mH&Y) scores of IPD patients without cognitive impairment were recorded. A survey questioning different motor and non-motor symptoms was administered to the patients.

[Validity and Reliability Studies of Modified Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE-E) For Turkish Illiterate Patients With Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease].

Objective: To investigate the validity and reliability of modified Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE-E) for illiterate patients in a Turkish population with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Method: A total of 107 illiterate patients with Alzheimer's Disease (women: 65, men: 42) and 68 illiterate healthy volunteer subjects (women: 36, men: 32) were included in the study. MMSE-I and Geriatrics Depression Scale were performed on all subjects, Alzheimer patients were also administered Basic Activities of Daily Living (B- ADL).

Reversible conduction failure in overlap of Miller Fisher syndrome and pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome in the spectrum of nodo-paranodopathies.

Patients with an overlap of the pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome and Miller Fisher syndrome (PCB/MFS) have rarely been reported. The electrophysiological findings in PCB/MFS are of great interest and may provide insight into the pathophysiology of the disorder. We report the clinical features and nerve conduction study findings in a patient with PCB/MFS with high titers of antiganglioside antibodies against GQ1b, GD1a, and GD1b.

Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord due to Different Etiologies and Improvement of MRI Findings.

Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a rare neurological complication of vitamin B12 deficiency, characterized by demyelination of the dorsal and lateral spinal cord. Herein, we describe three cases, who presented with SCD, one related to reduced intake of vitamin B12 because of a vegetarian diet and two related to nitrous oxide exposure during surgery. MR images of our patients revealed symmetrical hyperintense signals in dorsal and lateral columns in T2 weighted series.

Relationship between electrodiagnostic severity and neuropathic pain assessed by the LANSS pain scale in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the presence of neuropathic pain assessed by the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) scale and electrophysiological findings in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods: We studied 124 hands with idiopathic CTS with pain complaints involving hand and wrist. All hands were assessed by the LANSS with which a score of 12 or more is defined as pain dominated by neuropathic mechanisms.

Vitamin B12 and folic acid levels are not related to length of stay in elderly inpatients.

Objective: We designed this study, to evaluate the interaction (relation) between vitamin B12 and folic acid levels and length of hospital stay in elderly inpatients.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) test was used to evaluate nutritional status of 615 (239 men, 376 female; mean age 72.89 ± 8.

A rare dementing disease: adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.

To emphasize the importance of clinical and ultrastructural findings for diagnosing adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL), the authors retrospectively reviewed six patients with biopsy-proven ANCL. In all cases, ophthalmologic examinations were normal, and electron microscopic studies demonstrated characteristic granular osmiophilic deposits within the eccrine epithelial cells. The inheritance and mechanism of ANCL remain unknown, and the diagnosis is based on clinical features and ultrastructural examination of the cerebral tissue or extracerebral accumulation of lipopigments.

COST: Cognitive State Test, a brief screening battery for Alzheimer disease in illiterate and literate patients.

Background: The aim was to develop a brief screening battery, Cognitive State Test (COST), for detecting the presence of dementia in both illiterate and literate patients and to assess its validity and reliability.

Methods: COST is a cognitive screening tool that consists of almost all cognitive domains. It takes 5-7 minutes to administer, and has a maximum score of 30.

Hemifacial Spasm due to Compression of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm Treated with Botulinum Toxin Type-A: A Case Report.

A 79-year-old female presented with five months history of progressive involuntary twitching movement on left face. Brain MR imaging revealed a heterogeneous T2 hyperintense lesion at left cerebellopontine angle. CT angiography showed a partially thrombosed saccular aneurysm of left PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar artery).

Clinical and polysomnographic features of a large Turkish pedigree with restless leg syndrome and periodic limb movements.

Purpose: Restless leg syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements (PLMS) are common neurological diseases often associated with insomnia. A familial aggregation in RLS has been identified since it was first described; however, inheritance patterns of RLS/PLMS are poorly understood and their exact pathophysiology is not well-known. We have identified a Turkish pedigree with RLS/PLMS, which is a rare condition, in five generations of a family, including nine affected family members.