Renal Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumors Exhibit Distinct Genomic and Epigenomic Features and Lack Recurrent Gene Fusions: Comprehensive Molecular Analysis of a Multi-institutional Series.

Juxtaglomerular cell tumor (JxGCT) is a rare type of renal neoplasm demonstrating morphologic overlap with some mesenchymal tumors such as glomus tumor (GT) and solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Its oncogenic drivers remain elusive, and only a few cases have been analyzed with modern molecular techniques. In prior studies, loss of chromosomes 9 and 11 appeared to be recurrent.

Salivary Duct Carcinoma Metastasis in the Pleural Fluid.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a relatively rare, highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis that can be challenging to distinguish on cytology specimens. Awareness of the cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical findings is essential in arriving at a definitive diagnosis. This case report describes the primary diagnosis of a metastatic SDC on effusion fluid cytology.

A prospective evaluation of the prostate microbiome in malignant and benign tissue using transperineal biopsy.

Background: The link between the prostate microbiome and prostate cancer remains unclear. Few studies have analyzed the microbiota of prostate tissue, and these have been limited by potential contamination by transrectal biopsy. Transperineal prostate biopsy offers an alternative and avoids fecal cross-contamination.

A systematic review on performance characteristics of FNA of renal lesions: It is time for a standardized classification system.

Background: The incidence of renal tumors has steadily increased over the past decade. In this study, the authors performed a systematic review and analysis of the literature on renal fine-needle aspiration (FNA) to determine its performance and explore whether a standardized classification system can be used for reporting renal FNA cytology.

Methods: A systematic search of published articles on renal FNA was conducted.

American Society of Cytopathology Telecytology validation recommendations for rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE).

Telecytology has multiple applications, including rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens. It can enhance cytopathology practice by increasing productivity, reducing costs, and providing subspecialty expertise in areas with limited access to a cytopathologist. However, there are currently no specific validation guidelines to ensure safe practice and compliance with regulations.

Cytologic-Histologic Correlation Practices for Nongynecologic Cytology Specimens: A Survey by the College of American Pathologists Cytopathology Committee.

Context.—: Cytologic-histologic correlation (CHC) is a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-mandated requirement for gynecologic cytology, but no similar requirement exists for nongynecologic cytology. This study presents the findings from a College of American Pathologists survey of nongynecologic cytology practice patterns.

An Atypical Presentation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Multisite Metastasis following a Curative Liver Transplant.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy, and liver transplantation is usually curative. HCC recurrences are rare after curative treatment options, although they are prevalent depending on various risk factors. We present a 71-year-old female patient with an unusual pattern of disease progression following a curative liver transplant with a metastatic presentation in the absence of alpha-fetoprotein elevation after 3 years of disease-free clinical presentation.

Telecytology validation: is there a recipe for everybody?

Introduction: Telecytology offers a suitable solution to the cost and time efficiency questions on rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE). An increasing number of institutions are adopting new telecytology systems to meet the increasing ROSE requests, although there is no agreement on the details of how a telecytology validation study needs to be conducted. We propose a standardized approach for telecytology validation studies that could be done in a variety of practices.

Splenogonadal Fusion: A Rare Mimicker of Malignancy.

Splenogonadal fusion is a rare congenital anomaly in which ectopic splenic tissue is found in the testis and can present as a testicular mass mimicking a testicular malignancy. We present a 27-year-old male who presented with a palpable left testis mass suspicious for malignancy and ultimately found to have discontinuous splenogonadal fusion after radical orchiectomy.

Current State of Cytologic-Histologic Correlation Implementation for North American and International Laboratories: Results of the College of American Pathologists Cytopathology Committee Laboratory Practices in Gynecologic Cytology Survey.

Context.—: The College of American Pathologists (CAP) updated the Laboratory Accreditation Program Cytopathology Checklist to assist laboratories in meeting and exceeding the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments standards for gynecologic cytologic-histologic correlation (CHC).

Objective.

Adrenal gland cytology reporting: a multi-institutional proposal for a standardized reporting system.

Background: With the development of new technologies and the changing patient profiles, cytopathology departments receive increasing numbers of adrenal gland cytology specimens. In this study, the authors analyzed archival adrenal gland cytology cases and attempted to implement a diagnostic reporting system.

Design: Retrospective electronic medical record search was performed for adrenal gland cytology specimens in seven tertiary care centers.

Unusual presentation of adrenal hemangioma as an incidental large adrenal hematoma - A case report.

Adrenal hemangiomas are exceedingly rare benign tumors. Hemangiomas are commonly found in the skin and liver. When they arise in the adrenal gland, they are typically found incidentally on imaging, large size at presentation and are usually surgically resected in view of their large size and heterogeneous imaging appearance.

Digital image analysis of high-grade urothelial carcinoma in urine cytology confirms chromasia heterogeneity and reveals a subset with hypochromatic nuclei and another with extremely dark or "India ink" nuclei.

Background: The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) uses hyperchromasia as major diagnostic criterion for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). The purpose of the study was to evaluate cases that were diagnosed as HGUC by TPS and determine whether there are different chromatin distribution patterns (ie, subsets).

Methods: Digital image annotations were performed on microscopic images of HGUC urine specimens with surgical biopsy/resection follow-up.

Cytopathology fellowship recruitment: Has the time come to consider a unified approach?

Introduction: Cytopathology (CYP) fellowship training is a critical component of maintaining a skilled group of cytopathologists. For years, the recruitment process for CYP fellowship programs has remained unchanged, with individual programs outlining their own requirements and timeline, and applicants bearing the cost of travel and dealing with the variable processes outlined by individual programs. However, there has been renewed interest in analyzing the recruitment process for CYP fellowships to look for areas of potential improvement and uniformity.

Accuracy of Subclassification and Grading of Renal Tumors on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Alone.

Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of renal masses can distinguish between benign and malignant neoplasms in 73-94% of cases. Previous studies suggested the correct subclassification of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) by cytomorphology can be achieved in up to 80% of cases. However, as RCCs become increasingly subclassified by molecular signatures, correct subclassification based on cytology alone is increasingly difficult.

Five-year retrospective review in gynecologic cytopathology: is it time to amend?

Introduction: According to the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments 1988 regulations, 5-year retrospective review (5YRR) of normal Papanicolaou tests in patients with a newly diagnosed high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or above (HSIL+) is mandatory. Since this mandate has been in place, a multitude of changes have taken place in the screening and management guidelines of cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to assess the role of this mandate in our laboratory and to investigate the lessons learned.

Outcome analysis and negative predictive value of the "unsatisfactory/nondiagnostic" category of The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology.

Introduction: The Paris System (TPS) for Reporting Urinary Cytology (UCyto) was published in 2016, but to date, no study addressing the unsatisfactory (UNSAT) category has been published. We aimed to identify the negative predictive value (NPV) for UNSAT UCyto after the implementation of TPS at our institution.

Method: For the period from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, we identified all cases with UNSAT diagnosis on UCyto specimens and available cytologic and/or surgical pathology follow-up within 6 months from the UNSAT diagnosis.

The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology reduces atypia rates and does not alter the negative predictive value of urine cytology.

Introduction: The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) was developed for standardization purposes and it placed an emphasis on screening for high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). Since then, it has shown to reduce atypia rates and better correlate with surgical specimens. The aim of this study was to calculate the negative predictive value (NPV) of urinary cytology for detecting HGUC using TPS and compare these data to our recently published pre-TPS cohort.

Experience on the use of The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytopathology: review of the published literature.

Introduction: The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) was first published in 2016 with clear objectives to standardize cytologic diagnostic criteria and provide uniform reporting, in order to improve patient stratification and associated clinical management. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the performance of TPS and review the literature published since TPS was introduced.

Materials And Methods: Original articles focusing on the utilization and performance of TPS in urinary cytology specimens were identified using PubMed for publications from January 2016 to July 2020, using the keywords "Paris System", "urine cytology", and "urinary cytology".

Guar bean in urinary cytology: a morphologic pitfall.

Introduction: Various types of contaminants can be encountered in cytologic specimens. This study describes a vegetable material that we encountered in ileal conduit urine specimens. We aim to describe the cytomorphology and the source of origin of this vegetable material.

The Paris system of Reporting Urinary Cytology: Strengths and opportunities.

The Paris system for reporting urinary cytopathology (TPS) was created to address inherent weaknesses inherent in the practice of urinary cytopathology. While urothelial cytology has always performed well at finding high grade, genetically unstable urothelial carcinoma, it performs poorly when it comes to detecting low-grade urothelial neoplasia. TPS intends to improve the utility of urothelial cytology by focusing on what is important, high-grade urothelial carcinoma.

Targeted education as a method for reinforcing Paris System criteria and reducing urine cytology atypia rates.

Introduction: The Paris System for Urine Cytology (TPS) provides well-defined diagnostic criteria for the category of atypical urothelial cells (AUC). The current study compares the rate of AUC diagnoses at a large academic medical center before and after an educational intervention (EI) by a urine cytology expert.

Materials And Methods: An expert in TPS delivered an educational intervention consisting of an interactive microscope session and a didactic session that focused on the AUC diagnostic category.