Effective Photodynamic Inactivation of 26 Strains with Different Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles: a Planktonic and Biofilm Study.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a growing problem and alternative therapies are being sought to effectively address this issue. The aim of this study is to assess a range of strains' susceptibility to Methylene Blue-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and determine if this is affected by their antibiotic-resistance profile. Two reference and twenty-four uropathogenic clinical strains were used in this study.

Triphenylphosphonium cation: A valuable functional group for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.

Light-mediated killing of pathogens by cationic photosensitisers is a promising antimicrobial approach that avoids the development of resistance inherent to the use of antimicrobials. In this study, we demonstrate that modification of different photosensitisers with the triphenylphosphonium cation yields derivatives with excellent photoantimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (ie, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis). Thus, the triphenylphosphonium functional group should be considered for the development of photoantimicrobials for the selective killing of Gram-positive bacteria in the presence of Gram-negative species.

Correction: Cationic phthalocyanine dendrimers as potential antimicrobial photosensitisers.

Correction for 'Cationic phthalocyanine dendrimers as potential antimicrobial photosensitisers' by Rubén Ruiz-González et al., Org. Biomol.

Cationic phthalocyanine dendrimers as potential antimicrobial photosensitisers.

In the present study we describe the synthesis, photophysical properties and the photoinactivation performance against representative microorganisms of two families of cationic dendrimeric phthalocyanines as potential photosensitisers. Four charged dendrimeric compounds varying in their degree of ionicity (4 or 8 positive charges) and the coordinating metal (zinc or ruthenium) are compared and assessed as potential photosensitising agents in terms of their antimicrobial activity.

NanoSOSG: A Nanostructured Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Intracellular Singlet Oxygen.

A biocompatible fluorescent nanoprobe for singlet oxygen ( O ) detection in biological systems was designed, synthesized, and characterized, that circumvents many of the limitations of the molecular probe Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green (SOSG). This widely used commercial singlet oxygen probe was covalently linked to a polyacrylamide nanoparticle core using different architectures to optimize the response to O . In contrast to its molecular counterpart, the optimum SOSG-based nanoprobe, which we call NanoSOSG, is readily internalized by E.

Photoantimicrobial Biohybrids by Supramolecular Immobilization of Cationic Phthalocyanines onto Cellulose Nanocrystals.

The development of photoactive and biocompatible nanostructures is a highly desirable goal to address the current threat of antibiotic resistance. Here, we describe a novel supramolecular biohybrid nanostructure based on the non-covalent immobilization of cationic zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) derivatives onto unmodified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), following an easy and straightforward protocol, in which binding is driven by electrostatic interactions. These non-covalent biohybrids show strong photodynamic activity against S.

In Vitro Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Trichophyton mentagrophytes Using New Methylene Blue as the Photosensitizer.

Introduction And Objectives: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy combines the use of a photosensitizing drug with light and oxygen to eradicate pathogens. Trichophyton mentagrophytes is a dermatophytic fungus able to invade the skin and keratinized tissues. We have investigated the use of new methylene blue as the photosensitizing agent for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to produce the in vitro inactivation of T mentagrophytes.

Rapamycin has dual opposing effects on proteinuric experimental nephropathies: is it a matter of podocyte damage?

Background: In clinical renal transplantation, an increase in proteinuria after conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to rapamycin has been reported. In contrast, there are studies showing a nephro-protective effect of rapamycin in proteinuric diseases characterized by progressive interstitial inflammatory fibrosis.

Methods: Because of the contradictory reports concerning rapamycin on proteinuria, we examined proteinuria and podocyte damage markers on two renal disease models, with clearly different pathophysiological mechanisms: a glomerular toxico-immunological model induced by puromycin aminonucleoside, and a chronic hyperfiltration and inflammatory model by mass reduction, both treated with a fixed high rapamycin dose.

Hypoxia stimulus: An adaptive immune response during dendritic cell maturation.

The 'injury hypothesis' in organ transplantation suggests that ischemia-reperfusion injury is involved in the adaptative alloimmune response. We previously found that a strong immune/inflammatory response was induced by ischemia during kidney transplantation in rats. We show here that immature dendritic cells (DCs) undergo hypoxia-mediated differentiation comparable to allogeneic stimulation.

Role of cold ischemia in acute rejection: characterization of a humoral-like acute rejection in experimental renal transplantation.

The aim of the study was to characterize the role of cold ischemia in the process of acute rejection using an experimental renal transplant model. Syngeneic renal transplants were performed between Wistar Agouti rats and allogeneic grafts using Wistar-Agouti rats as recipients of Brown-Norway kidneys. For cold ischemia (CI), kidneys were preserved in Euro-Collins (4 degrees C/ 2.