[Sir William Osler: facets of personality].

William Osler is one of the most honored and influential physicians in the English medicine late 19th early 20th century, who has made a great contribution on development of medical science and it's teaching. The scope of his multifaceted personality goes far beyond the characteristics of an outstanding doctor and scientist. The historical essay presents various aspects of the Osler's personality, highlighting his uniqueness as a doctor, teacher and philosopher.

[Rheumatoid factor: study history and concept evolution].

Rheumatoid factor became the first laboratory marker of rheumatoid arthritis and one of the first serological markers used to recognize the major autoimmune diseases. Details of the discovery with special regard to contribution of E. Waaler and H.

[Gout: from Hippocrates till the modern time].

Gout (podagra) is one of the most ancient articular diseases. Its accurate mechanisms and causes were delineated only during the last century. Major historical investigatory steps are described in relation to causality and pathogenesis of the disease from Hippocrates ages till the modern time.

[Evaluation of hemostasis disorders using the thrombodynamic test in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome].

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is accompanied by a risk of thrombotic complications due to hypercoagulability. Routine laboratory tests are not sensitive enough to detect these disorders, and therefore the use of integral coagulation tests, including a new thrombodynamic test (TT) in patients with NS, is of high relevance.

Aim: Using a TT to determine hemostasis disorders in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) with NS.

Thrombodynamics as a tool for monitoring hemostatic disorders in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis complicated by nephrotic syndrome.

Unlabelled: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with a high risk for venous and arterial thrombosis due to hypercoagulability. Integral tests designed to assess hemostasis can become an alternative for measuring hypercoagulability in patients with NS.

Study Objective: To assess hemostatic disorders in CGN patients complicated by NS using the thrombodynamics test.

[Vascular, molecular and cellular mechanisms of development of cognitive impairments after occlusion of carotid arteries].

Aim: The study was aimed at determining the role of vascular endothelial dysfunction in induction of molecular and cellular mechanisms of the development of cognitive impairments after occlusion of common carotid arteries.

Material And Methods: The experiments were carried out on Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 2 groups: group 1 - control, sham-operated animals; group 2 - rats with cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion.

[Role of the intestinal MALT in pathogenesis of the IgA-nephropathy].

Modern view on pathogenesis of immunoglobulin (Ig)A-nephropathy and possible relation to intestinal MALT-system activity is presented in the article. Aberrant glycosylation of IgA and increased association of IgA-nephropathy with intestinal diseases or abnormal intestinal permeability are discussed in details. Based on supposed entero-renal pathogenesis of the disease future treatment modalities are considered.

[Osteoarthrosis in the clinic of internal and occupational diseases: differential diagnostic aspects].

Osteoarthritis is a common pathology, which indicates the great medical and social significance of this disease. The article discusses the issues of pathogenesis, risk factors and diagnosis of professional and professionally caused osteoarthritis: the age of onset of the disease, the specifics of work, the localization of joint damage. Differential diagnosis issues are discussed.

[Chronic kidney disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients: prevalence, risks factors, histopathological variants].

The present review is focused on risk factors of chronic kidney disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). According to recent data, the chronic kidney disease (CKD) in RA patients is more often than at patients without RA. It is closely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and high mortality.

[Cognitive impairments and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in unilateral occlusion of the carotid artery].

Objective: The study was aimed at determining cognitive impairments, vascular endothelial dysfunction and morphofunctional alterations of neurons in brain structures (neocortex and hippocampus) in unilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery in albino rats.

Material And Methods: The experiments were carried out on Wistar albino rats. The animals were divided into two groups: group 1 - the control group composed of sham-operated rats and group 2 - the study group consisting of rats with cerebral ischaemia.

From Schönlein-Henoch purpura to IgA-vasculitis: pathogenetic aspects of the disease.

Investigation's history and nomenclature's evolution of the IgA-vasculitis are presented in the article. Pathogenesis of the renal and skin damages is discussed in details, particularly abnormalities of the IgA-immunity and systemic endotoxemia. Relevant world's literature is cited.

[Giant cell arteritis: Genetic and epigenetic aspects].

The paper describes clinical cases in 2 patients (brothers) with giant cell arteritis. It analyzes the genetic and epigenetic aspects of the disease. The data available in the Russian and foreign literature are given.

[Giant cell arteritis as a cause of fever of unclear genesis in the elderly].

The paper describes a case of giant cell arteritis whose leading clinical sign is long-term fever. It discusses current approaches to diagnosing giant cell arteritis.

[Neuroprotective effects of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed].

Currently, neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) occupy a significant place in the structure of disease of the elderly, which dictates the need to find new and effective treatment and prevention of this pathology. At the heart of NDD development is a violation of the metabolism and the conformational change of cellular proteins with subsequent accumulation and aggregation of their in certain groups of neurons. The immediate cause of the death of the affected neurons in NDD is initiated by intracellular proteins apoptosis, during which a large number ofneurotransmitter glutamate is released.

[Morphological evaluation of cerebroprotective effect of lanthanum acetate in chronic cerebral ischemia in rats].

The objective of this study was to evaluate morphologically the cerebroprotective effect of lanthanum acetate in chronic cerebral ischemia. Chronic cerebral ischemia was reproduced in Wistar rats, weighing 160-180 g, by a ligation of both common carotid arteries. For corection of ischemic cerebral damage, lanthanum acetate (3 mg/kg of body weight, once a day) was introduced intragastrically during the whole experimental period.

[Clinical and prognostic value of lesions in the gastrointestinal tract in systemic vascular purpura].

Aim: To evaluate clinical peculiarities and prognostic value of abdominal syndrome in adult patients with systemic vascular purpura (SVP).

Material And Methods: Incidence, clinical picture, complications of abdominal syndrome, its relations with principal extraintestinal manifestations of SVP were studied in 125 SVP patients. Absorption and barrier functions of the small intestine, their correlations with clinical activity of the disease were investigated in 32 SVP patients with no clinical signs of intestinal affection.

[Abdominal emergencies in systemic vasculitis].

Abdominal lesions are characterized in a patient with acute vascular purpura and a patient with polyarteritis. The former patient developed obturation ileus of the small intestine, the latter--necrosis and multiple intestinal and gall bladder perforation with subsequent peritonitis. In both cases the abdominal syndrome was manifestation of the basic disease.