Pulmonary nocardiosis.

A case of pulmonary nocardiosis is described in a patient who had alcoholic cirrhosis of liver and portal hypertension. The patient also had diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis and was on prednisolone treatment.

Effect of additional oral ofloxacin administration in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

The effect of additional oral ofloxacin administration was evaluated in 19 HIV-negative patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Their mean duration of illness was 3.6 years.

Spontaneous rupture of spleen in viral hepatitis A.

A twenty-five year old man presented with history of fever, malaise and jaundice and developed a spontaneous rupture of the spleen during hospital admission. Investigations revealed deranged liver function tests and positive serology for hepatitis A.

Bronchoalveolar lavage in pulmonary tuberculosis: a decision analysis approach.

We assessed the utility of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in 50 consecutive HIV-negative patients with clinical and radiographic findings suggestive of PTB, but with negative microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) on sputum smear. Patients were grouped, using a scoring system, into relative likelihoods of having PTB (I-IV, in descending probability). Patients were started on anti-tuberculosis treatment according to the BAL results.

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: a retrospective study of 35 cases.

Clinical profile of 35 patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) was analysed. The disease was found to be more frequent among females. Constitutional symptoms, expectoration, increased breathless and poor control of asthma were the main presenting features.

Treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma by endoscopic intracavitary instillation of ketoconazole.

The authors report a case of pulmonary aspergilloma in which a fungus ball was visualized and a biopsy specimen was obtained at fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The fungus ball was successfully treated with bronchoscopic instillation of ketoconazole. It appears that this approach can be useful in the treatment of patients who are high-risk candidates for pulmonary resection.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma in a bronchial washing. A case report.

A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea and bronchi diagnosed on a bronchial washing is reported. This tumor has characteristic cytomorphology best elucidated by May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain.

Pathogenesis of congestive state in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Studies of body water and sodium, renal function, hemodynamics, and plasma hormones during edema and after recovery.

Background: The pathogenesis of salt and water accumulation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is unclear and may differ from that in patients with congestive heart failure due to myocardial disease. This study was undertaken to investigate some of the mechanisms involved.

Methods And Results: Hemodynamics, water and electrolyte spaces, renal function, and plasma hormone concentrations were measured in nine patients with edema due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in six patients after recovery.

Posterior mediastinal teratoma.

A patient with benign posterior mediastinal teratoma which is a rare site for teratomas is reported. Chest skiagram and CT of the thorax established the diagnosis. Complete removal of the mass was not possible on surgery as it was adherent to the pericardium and the esophagus.

Domiciliary mechanical ventilation in a patient with severe chronic obstructive lung disease and respiratory failure.

A patient of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with cor-pulmonale and chronic respiratory failure, who was given intermittent positive pressure ventilation at home, is reported. The patient did remarkably well on home mechanical ventilatory support. We believe this to be the first case report of domiciliary mechanical ventilation in a patient of COPD from India.

Normal maximal expiratory and inspiratory pressures in healthy teenagers.

Maximal expiratory pressure at total lung capacity and maximal inspiratory pressure at residual volume were measured in 364 male and 325 female healthy teenage subjects. Predictive equations have been drawn based on coefficients of age, height and weight. The pressures may be used to evaluate respiratory muscle strength and follow the progress in patients with neuromuscular disorders, dyspnoea and respiratory failure.

Comparison of bronchodilatation produced by an anticholinergic (ipratropium bromide), a beta-2 adrenergic (fenoterol) and their combination in patients with chronic obstructive airway disease. An open trial.

Fenoterol hydrobromide (200 micrograms), ipratropium bromide (40 micrograms) and a combination of the two in the same dosage were administered by metered dose inhaler on 3 separate days to 20 patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. On each day, baseline forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and mid maximum flow rate (MMFR) were recorded. The values were again recorded after administration of the drug at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes.

Tracheo-bronchial stenosis--report of 3 cases.

Three cases of large airway stenosis of different aetiologies are reported. In the first case, tracheal stenosis occurred after endotracheal intubation. The second case developed bronchial stenosis as a sequelae to pulmonary tuberculosis.

Pregnancy with heart disease. Experience at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh.

Pregnant patients with heart disease seen between 1980 and 1985 were studied. The incidence of heart disease in pregnancy was 1.3%.

Systemic lupus erythematosus during isoniazid therapy.

A case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a young female which developed during the course of isoniazid therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis is described. SLE in this case is believed either to be induced or precipitated by isoniazid. Pertinent literature has been reviewed.

Correlation of lung function tests with dyspnoea scale, 12 minute walking test and visual analogue scale in patients with COPD.

Twenty-five patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema were studied in an attempt to evaluate clinical methods for rating dyspnoea. Whereas the Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scale and the 12-minute walking test showed good correlation with pulmonary function tests, the visual analogue scale (VAS) did not. When the dyspnoea scales were compared with one another, the MRC scale and the VAS and the MRC scale and 12 minute walking test showed good correlation with one another.

Pulmonary hydatid disease presenting as non-resolving bilateral consolidations.

A 45-year-old female, post menopausal, presented with extensive bilateral radiological opacities in the lungs. Diagnosis of hydatid diseases was confirmed through open lung biopsy. Treatment with albendazole showed striking improvement in clinical symptoms as well as clearing of radiological shadows.