Smartphone pupillometry with machine learning differentiates ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke: A pilot study.

Objectives: Similarities between acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke make diagnosis and triage challenging. We studied a smartphone-based quantitative pupillometer for differentiation of acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Materials And Methods: Stroke patients were recruited prior to surgical or interventional treatment.

Smartphone pupillometry predicts ischemic penumbra in acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Recent advances in time-sensitive treatment methods for large vessel occlusion (LVO), including medical and mechanical thrombectomy, have increased the importance of rapid recognition of acute ischemic stroke. The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is a biomarker for neurological status. We studied a portable smartphone-based quantitative pupillometry application that has been developed to quantify PLR metrics without requiring external hardware or extensive training to operate.

Smartphone pupillometry for detection of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objectives: Vasospasm is a complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) that can change the trajectory of recovery and is associated with morbidity and mortality. Earlier detection of vasospasm could improve patient outcomes. Our objective is to evaluate the accuracy of smartphone-based quantitative pupillometry in the detection of radiographic vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aSAH.

Assessment of transabdominal fat volumes as a predictor of prognosis in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as a well-established treatment option for eligible patients with severe aortic stenosis. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between abdominal fat tissue volumes, measured using computed tomography (CT), and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVR. The study included 258 consecutive patients who underwent TAVR at a single center between September 2017 and November 2020.

A smartphone pupillometry tool for detection of acute large vessel occlusion.

Objectives: Pupillary light reflex (PLR) parameters can be used as quantitative biomarkers of neurological function. Since digital infrared pupillometry is expensive, we sought to examine alterations in PLR parameters using a smartphone quantitative pupillometry platform in subjects with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Materials And Methods: Patients were enrolled if they presented to the emergency department as a stroke code activation and had evidence of a large vessel occlusion (LVO) on computed tomography angiography.

Evaluation of the performance of and interobserver agreement on postoperative baseline CT findings in the identification of locoregional recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate interobserver agreement on the findings of baseline contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (CE-MDCT) performed at the postoperative third month in patients who underwent surgery due to ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head and investigate the value of these findings in predicting locoregional recurrence.

Material And Methods: The baseline CE-MDCT images of 198 patients who underwent the Whipple procedure due to pancreatic head tumors were evaluated independently by three radiologists at the postoperative third month. The radiologists were asked to note suspicious findings in terms of locoregional recurrence, including postoperative fat stranding, the presence of perivascular contrast-enhanced solid tissue, short diameter of solid tissue if present, the shape of solid tissue (convex/concave), presence of peritoneal implants, diameter (mm) of pancreatic duct dilatation if present, the presence of lymph nodes larger than 5 mm, portal vein stenosis (≥50 and <50%), the presence of ascites, and the presence of distant metastases, as specified by the Society of Abdominal Radiology in October 2022.

Validation of a Smartphone Pupillometry Application in Diagnosing Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is an important biomarker for the detection and management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We investigated the performance of PupilScreen, a smartphone-based pupillometry app, in classifying healthy control subjects and subjects with severe TBI in comparison to the current gold standard NeurOptics pupillometer (NPi-200 model with proprietary Neurological Pupil Index [NPi] TBI severity score). A total of 230 PLR video recordings taken using both the PupilScreen smartphone pupillometer and NeurOptics handheld device (NPi-200) pupillometer were collected from 33 subjects with severe TBI (sTBI) and 132 subjects who were healthy without self-reported neurological disease.

Can the Gleason score be predicted in patients with prostate cancer? A dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, Ga-PSMA PET/CT, PSA, and PSA-density comparison study.

Purpose: The present study aims to evaluate whether perfusion parameters in prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and PSA density can be used to predict the lesion grade in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: The study included a total of 137 PCa cases in which 12-quadrant transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUSBx) was performed, the Gleason score (GS) was determined, and pre-biopsy multiparametric prostate MRI and Ga-PSMA PET/CT examinations were undertaken. The patient population was evaluated in three groups according to the GS: (1) low risk; (2) intermediate risk; (3) high risk.

Neurological Pupillary Index and Disposition at Hospital Discharge following ICU Admission for Acute Brain Injury.

We examined the associations between the Neurological Pupillary Index (NPi) and disposition at hospital discharge in patients admitted to the neurocritical care unit with acute brain injury (ABI) due to acute ischemic stroke (AIS), spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and traumatic brain injury (TBI). The primary outcome was discharge disposition (home/acute rehabilitation vs. death/hospice/skilled nursing facility).

Benchmarking Hospital Practices and Policies on Intrahospital Neurocritical Care Transport: The Safe-Neuro-Transport Study.

An electronic survey was administered to multidisciplinary neurocritical care providers at 365 hospitals in 32 countries to describe intrahospital transport (IHT) practices of neurocritically ill patients at their institutions. The reported IHT practices were stratified by World Bank country income level. Variability between high-income (HIC) and low/middle-income (LMIC) groups, as well as variability between hospitals within countries, were expressed as counts/percentages and intracluster correlation coefficients (ICCs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Can peritumoral edema evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging before neoadjuvant chemotherapy predict complete pathological response in breast cancer?

Background And Aims: The complete pathological response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer is essential for the accurate prediction of prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the presence and type of peritumoral edema detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting pCR to NAC in breast cancer patients.

Methods And Results: One hundred five patients with the diagnosis of invasive carcinoma were evaluated by MRI before NAC.

The effects of radiotherapy on arterial diameters in patients with high-grade glial tumors who have undergone adjuvant radiotherapy.

Background And Aims: Our purpose was to evaluate the M2 branch of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in high-grade glial tumor patients who undergo adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). For this purpose, the diameter of the M2 branch was measured and evaluated by means of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) before and after RT. Post-radiotherapeutical measurements were made 1, 3, 5, and 7 months after the procedure; and vascular diameter alterations were evaluated.

A scoping review of US insurers' use of patient-reported outcomes.

Objectives: To complete a scoping review of US health insurers' use of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Study Design: Literature review.

Methods: A literature search was constructed for articles that contained an insurer-related term and an HRQOL-related term between 1999 and 2019 using the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EconLit, and Business Source Complete databases.

A rare lesion of breast: Hydatid cyst.

Hydatid cyst (HC) is a lesion most commonly seen in the liver but can occur in many parts of the body. Breast involvement with HC is extremely rare. It can be isolated or accompanied by other organ involvements.

Thyroid Volume in Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystemic disease. Thyroid involvement in systemic sclerosis is an overlooked issue. Our study aimed to evaluate the decreased thyroid volume in SSc.

Evaluation of the olfactory bulb volume and morphology in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: can differences create predisposition to anosmia?

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether the volume and morphology of the olfactory bulb are effective in the occurrence of anosmia in patients after COVID-19 infection.

Methods: The olfactory bulbus volume was calculated by examining the brain magnetic resonance imaging of cases with positive (+) COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test with and without anosmia. Evaluated magnetic resonance imaging images were the scans of patients before they were infected with COVID-19.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of incidentally detected hyperechoic liver lesions: comparison of two modalities in terms of detection, diagnosis, and morphological features.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate and compare the ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of incidentally detected hyperechoic focal liver lesions.

Methods: Seventy-four patients (29 males and 45 females) who had undergone a B-mode ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging examination were included in this study. A total of 91 hyperechoic lesions detected on ultrasonography were evaluated.

Evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging findings in adhesive capsulitis: which quantitative findings are most valuable?

Objective: This study aims to investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in adhesive capsulitis (AC) and determine the most valuable MRI finding in diagnosis using easily applied quantitative methods.

Methods: Shoulder MRI was performed on 193 patients who were diagnosed with AC by clinical examination and 116 controls. Axillary pouch thickness (APT), superior and inferior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL and IGHL) thickness, coracohumeral ligament (CHL) thickness, fluid increase and soft-tissue thickness in the rotator interval (RI), and increases in the fluid and signal in the localization of biceps tendon attachment were evaluated.

Observational Retrospective Cohort Two Centred Study on External Ventricular Drain-Related Infections in US and Turkey.

Aim: To compare external ventricular drain-related infection (EVD-RI) rates of two Academic Medical Centers in Turkey and the US in order to determine the key factors.

Material And Methods: We performed an observational retrospective cohort study to compare the EVD-RI rates between two hospitals (Hospital T in Turkey; Hospital A in US). We analyzed data gathered from 736 patients (Hospital T, n=237; Hospital A, n=499), in a total of 736 EVD cases which occurred between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2018.

Arterial evaluation of systemic sclerosis patients with Doppler ultrasound: What did we find?

Aim: The aim of this study was to detect macrovascular findings in systemic sclerosis (SSc) by means of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and to evaluate the relationship between the laboratory and clinical findings in the setting of the disease.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Eighty-eight patients were included in the study.

Evaluation of the contour of the pancreas: types and frequencies.

Purpose: Pancreas contour variations can sometimes be misdiagnosed as mass lesions. This study aimed to evaluate normal pancreatic contour morphology, variations, frequency and the development of the uncinate process.

Methods: Out of 1183 consecutive computed tomography images taken in our hospital for various reasons (e.