Association of the glycemic background patterns and the diabetes management efficacy in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

Background: Inadequate glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a major public health problem and a significant risk factor for the progression of diabetic complications.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of intensive and supportive glycemic management strategies over a 12-month period in individuals with T2DM with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 10% and varying backgrounds of glycemic control.

Methods: This prospective observational study investigated glycemic control in patients with poorly controlled T2DM over 12 months.

Mapping Global Nursing Literature on Enhancing Recovery After Surgery Programs: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Purpose: To provide a structured macroscopic overview of the characteristics and advances in research related to the Enhancing Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocol.

Design: A bibliometric analysis.

Methods: Web of Science was selected as the search engine for the bibliometric analysis study, and data up to January 25, 2024 were included in the scan.

Are the seizures under control or unnoticed? Electroclinical evaluation of epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia.

Purpose: In this study, patients with epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia (E-EM) were evaluated according to their EEG findings, seizure outcomes, and their consistency with the final ictal EEG findings. We also investigated the possible prognostic factors.

Methods: Patients with E-EM and at least two years of follow-up in our clinic were included in the study.

Clinicopathological outcomes of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the histopathological features and prognostic parameters of tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI) compared with those without MSI in patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Setting And Design: Follow-up for CRC at Istanbul Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital was retrospectively evaluated between March 2017 and March 2021.

The effect of close and intensive therapeutic monitoring of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes with different glycemic background.

Patients with type 2 diabetes who have HbA1c values ≥ 10% have different previous glycemic trends, including new diagnosis of diabetes. We aimed to assess the efficacy of 3 months of intensive and facilitated antihyperglycemic treatment in patients with different glycemic backgrounds. In this observational study, patients with type 2 diabetes and poor glycemic control (indicated by an HbA1c level of > = 10%) were divided into groups based on their previous HbA1c levels (group 1; newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics, group 2; patients with previously controlled but now deteriorated HbA1c levels, group 3; patients whose HbA1c was not previously in the target range but was now above 10%, and group 4; patients whose HbA1c was above 10% from the start).

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit induces potent neutralizing responses in mice and is effective against Delta and Omicron variants.

SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, belongs to the betacoronavirus genus. This virus has a high mutation rate, which rapidly evolves into new variants with different properties, such as increased transmissibility or immune evasion. Currently, the most prevalent global SARS-CoV-2 variant is Omicron, which is more transmissible than previous variants.

A Case of Coexistent Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 and Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis-Coincidental or Associated?

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is a dominantly inherited ataxia primarily characterised by progressive cerebellar syndrome, which is developed due to the expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat within the first exon of the ATXN2 gene. We report a rare case of a 41-year-old woman with coexistent genetically verified SCA2 and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Considering our case and a few others reported in the literature, as well as a possible genetic association between ATXN2 and MS susceptibility, we suggest that the coexistence of SCA and MS may not be coincidental, especially in patients with a progressive MS course.

Plant-produced RBD and cocktail-based vaccine candidates are highly effective against SARS-CoV-2, independently of its emerging variants.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel and highly pathogenic coronavirus that caused an outbreak in Wuhan City, China, in 2019 and then spread rapidly throughout the world. Although several coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are currently available for mass immunization, they are less effective against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially the Omicron (B.1.

Comparison of multiple sclerosis patients with or without rebound activity after fingolimod cessation: Five-year clinical outcomes.

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who discontinue fingolimod might present with rebound activity. The reasons for the development of rebound have been identified, but there are limited data on the long-term clinical outcomes of these patients. This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of patients with MS with and without rebound activity after fingolimod discontinuation.

The seizures that wake up with the patient: The effect of sleep deprivation and short sleep on epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia.

Objective: In this study, our aim was to demonstrate the effect of sleep deprivation, short sleep, and awakening on photoparoxysmal responses (PPR) and eyelid myoclonia (EM) in patients with Epilepsy with Eyelid Myoclonia (E-EM).

Methods: E-EM patients with at least 1 year of follow-up in our clinic were included in the study. Video EEG(v-EEG) analyses were divided into three periods of wakefulness, sleep, and awakening.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis preceding primary central nervous system lymphoma: Spinal sentinel neuroinflammation.

65-year-old female diagnosed with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. She had excellent response to immunotherapy despite her atypical features, and her spinal lesion was fully recovered in the second month of the treatment. Nine months after, she was diagnosed with primary cerebral central nervous system lymphoma while there was no recurrence of the spinal cord lesion as her most recent follow-up visit being 2 years after the LETM.

Production and Characterization of Nucleocapsid and RBD Cocktail Antigens of SARS-CoV-2 in Plant as a Vaccine Candidate against COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has put global public health at high risk, rapidly spreading around the world. Although several COVID-19 vaccines are available for mass immunization, the world still urgently needs highly effective, reliable, cost-effective, and safe SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus vaccines, as well as antiviral and therapeutic drugs, to control the COVID-19 pandemic given the emerging variant strains of the virus. Recently, we successfully produced receptor-binding domain (RBD) variants in the plant as promising vaccine candidates against COVID-19 and demonstrated that mice immunized with these antigens elicited a high titer of RBD-specific antibodies with potent neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2.

Plant-Produced Glycosylated and In Vivo Deglycosylated Receptor Binding Domain Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Induce Potent Neutralizing Responses in Mice.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has rapidly spread to more than 222 countries and has put global public health at high risk. The world urgently needs cost-effective and safe SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, antiviral, and therapeutic drugs to control it. In this study, we engineered the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein and produced it in the plant in a glycosylated and deglycosylated form.

Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Gastric Cancer with Nonbiliary Pancreatitis.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a rare, aggressive tumor. In the absence of metastasis in diagnosis, close observation and long-term follow-up is needed to monitor and slow its progress. We report a young patient who presented with nonbiliary pancreatitis.

A Plant-Produced in vivo deglycosylated full-length Pfs48/45 as a Transmission-Blocking Vaccine Candidate against malaria.

Pfs48/45 is a leading antigen candidate for a transmission blocking (TB) vaccine. However, efforts to produce affordable, safe and correctly folded full-length Pfs48/45 using different protein expression systems have not produced an antigen with satisfactory TB activity. Pfs48/45 has 16 cysteines involved in disulfide bond formation, and the correct formation is critical for proper folding and induction of TB antibodies.

Engineering, and production of functionally active human Furin in N. benthamiana plant: In vivo post-translational processing of target proteins by Furin in plants.

A plant expression platform with eukaryotic post-translational modification (PTM) machinery has many advantages compared to other protein expression systems. This promising technology is useful for the production of a variety of recombinant proteins including, therapeutic proteins, vaccine antigens, native additives, and industrial enzymes. However, plants lack some of the important PTMs, including furin processing, which limits this system for the production of certain mammalian complex proteins of therapeutic value.

In vivo production of non-glycosylated recombinant proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana plants by co-expression with Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H (Endo H) of Streptomyces plicatus.

A plant transient expression system, with eukaryotic post-translational modification machinery, offers superior efficiency, scalability, safety, and lower cost over other expression systems. However, due to aberrant N-glycosylation, this expression system may not be a suitable expression platform for proteins not carrying N-linked glycans in the native hosts. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a strategy to produce target proteins in a non-glycosylated form while preserving their native sequence, conformation and biological activity.

Comparison of emergency surgeries for obstructed colonic cancer with elective surgeries: A retrospective study.

Objective: Colon cancer patients presented with obstruction were known to have worse postoperative morbidity and mortality rates, but conflicting data has been reported in recent years. We aimed to investigate postoperative complication rates, and short and long-term oncological outcomes in patients with colon cancer treated with either emergency surgery due to obstruction or elective surgery.

Methods: Two hundred fifty two patients were analyzed.

Clinical significance of miR-140-5p and miR-193b expression in patients with breast cancer and relationship to IGFBP5.

The functional role of IGFBP5 in breast cancer is complicated. Experimental and bioinformatics studies have shown that IGFBP5 is targeted by miR-140-5p and miR-193b, although this has not yet been proven in clinical samples. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-140-5p and miR-193b in breast cancer and adjacent normal tissue and assess its correlation with IGFBP5 and the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumors.

Comparison of 4 % icodextrin and omega 3 Fatty acids in prevention of peritoneal adhesions.

Postoperative peritoneal adhesions are major concerns in abdominal surgery. In this experimental study, the effects of 4 % icodextrin and omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA) on prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions were evaluated. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups.