Thyroidectomy Versus Medical Management for Euthyroid Patients With Hashimoto Disease and Persisting Symptoms: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Hashimoto disease is a chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. Despite adequate hormone substitution, some patients have persistent symptoms that may be the result of immunologic pathophysiology.

Objective: To determine whether thyroidectomy improves symptoms in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis who still have symptoms despite having normal thyroid gland function while receiving medical therapy.

Successful breast reconstruction using acellular dermal matrix can be recommended in healthy non-smoking patients.

Introduction: We present Scandinavia's first series of immediate alloplastic breast reconstructions with an acellular dermal matrix.

Material And Methods: Data were collected retrospectively in 76 cases of immediate breast reconstruction using an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and an implant.

Results: A total of 59 women were reconstructed between June 2011 and January 2013.

[Breast conserving surgery for breast cancer--local recurrence].

One of the disadvantages of breast conserving treatment compared with mastectomy is the higher rate of local recurrence. Even though a local recurrence has no influence on survival, it is a psychological trauma for the woman it affects. Breast conserving treatment has been practised at Ullevaal Hospital since 1986.

Effect of the introduction of total mesorectal excision for the treatment of rectal cancer.

Background: Total mesorectal excision (TME) has been reported to reduce local recurrence and improve survival rates in patients with rectal carcinoma. This paper reports the problems that have arisen with the introduction of this new surgical technique.

Methods: This was a prospective study of two consecutive groups of patients: one who underwent TME (n = 76) and one who did not (non-TME, n = 76).

Randomized controlled trial of postoperative radiotherapy and short-term time-scheduled 5-fluorouracil against surgery alone in the treatment of Dukes B and C rectal cancer. Norwegian Adjuvant Rectal Cancer Project Group.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a 1-month regimen of postoperative radiotherapy combined with 5-fluorouracil could reduce the local recurrence rate and improve survival in patients with Dukes B and C rectal cancer.

Methods: One hundred and forty-four patients were randomized to surgery alone or surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy (46 Gy) and bolus 5-fluorouracil 30 min before six of the radiotherapy fractions. One hundred and thirty-six patients were eligible.

Colony variation of Helicobacter pylori: pathogenic potential is correlated to cell wall lipid composition.

Background: Differences in expression of disease after infection with Helicobacter pylori have so far been connected with host factors and bacterial interstrain variation. In this study, spontaneous and ecology-mediated intrastrain variation was examined.

Methods: Four clinical isolates of H.

Primary treatment of carcinoma of the anus by combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Twenty-four patients with carcinoma of the anus were treated with a combined regimen of external irradiation (50 Gy) and mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil. A relatively large number of patients with locally advanced disease were included. A local complete response rate of 87.

Simulated meal test. A new method for estimation of parietal and non-parietal secretion in response to food.

In ten healthy volunteers gastric secretion was stimulated by a simulated meal, in which the cephalic phase was activated by modified sham feeding and the gastric phase by repeated instillations and withdrawals of a meat soup. The gastric aspirates were analyzed for acid and pepsin and the outputs quantitated by the recovery of an unabsorbable marker (polyethylene glycol). Instillation of liquid meal without sham feeding produced 58% and 65% of pentagastrin-stimulated secretion of acid and pepsin, respectively.

Kinetics of the inhibition of food-stimulated secretion by ranitidine in dogs.

Five Labrador retrievers provided with one vagally innervated and one denervated pouch were given graded doses of food composed of liver, heart and bonemeal to make dose/response curves of food-stimulated gastric secretion. A constant ranitidine infusion resulted in a decreased inhibition of acid output as the physiological stimulation increased both in the innervated and in the denervated pouch. The pepsin output behaved quite differently.

The effect of physical stress on gastric secretion and pancreatic polypeptide levels in man.

Twelve healthy subjects were exposed to a 4-day period of hard physical exercise, calorie supply deficiency, and severe sleep deprivation. The basal acid output (BAO), the sham-feeding-induced acid output (MAOsh), and the pentagastrin-stimulated acid output (MAOpg) were measured immediately after this stress period and in a control experiment performed several weeks later. The stress induced a threefold increase in the median BAO and an increase (p less than 0.

Dopaminergic and adrenergic influence on gastric acid and pepsin secretion stimulated by food. The role of vagal innervation.

Dopaminergic and adrenergic mechanisms were studied in a dog model which made possible physiological stimulation by food and comparison of vagally innervated and denervated acid and pepsin response at the same time. Five dogs were equipped with two pouches separated from the stomach, and stimulation was done by a standard meal - a mixture of liver, heart and bonemeal , 10 g/kg. The meal was combined with different doses of dopamine 0.

Opposite effects of H2-receptors on parietal cells and chief cells. Gastric acid and pepsin secretion stimulated by histamine and food combined in dogs: the role of vagal innervation.

The effect of H2-stimulation and blockade was studied in a dog model which made possible physiological stimulation by food and comparison of vagally innervated and denervated acid and pepsin response at the same time. 5 dogs were equipped with two pouches separated from the stomach, and stimulation was done by histamine as continuous infusion combined with a standard meal--a mixture of liver, heart and bonemeal , 10 g/kg. The response was compared with the effect of H2-blockade, cimetidine 5 g/kg, given 30 min before the meal.

The effect of histamine, H1 and H2 agonists, and H1 and H2 antagonists on postprandial pancreatic polypeptide release in dogs.

The influence of histamine, H1 and H2 agonists (2-AETD and dimaprit), and H1 and H2 antagonists (mepyramine and cimetidine) on the postprandial release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) was assessed in five Labrador retrievers. Infusions of histamine, 0.25 mumol kg-1 h-1; 2AETD, 4 mumol kg-1 h-1; and dimaprit, 1 mumol kg-1 h-1, enhanced postprandial release (131-189% of control values).

The effect of alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists and blockers on postprandial pancreatic polypeptide release in dogs.

The influence of adrenergic agonists--phenylephrine (alpha), isoproterenol (beta), and salbutamol (beta 2)--and of adrenergic blockers--phentolamine (alpha), pranolol (beta), and practolol (beta 1)--on the postprandial pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release has been assessed in five Labrador retrievers. Infusions of phenylephrine, 0.12 mg kg-1h-1; isoproterenol, 3 micrograms kg-1h-1; salbutamol, 12 micrograms kg-1h-1, did not significantly affect PP release.

Effects of dopamine and dopamine antagonists on postprandial release of pancreatic polypeptide in dogs and in healthy volunteers.

The effect of dopamine, 0.006, 0.12, 1.

Experimental post-traumatic lung insufficiency in dogs: ultrastructure of lung lesions.

The ultrastructure of developing lung lesions in two groups of dogs exposed to a combination of haemorrhagic hypotension and liver trauma was studied with particular attention to changes at the alveolar level and lung micro-vessels. Lung samples were obtained every four hours and at collapse in one group and 12 hrs after initiation of the trauma in the other. An interstitial oedema was recognized in biopsies obtained 4 hrs after initiation of the trauma, and before marked lesions were observed at the ultrastructural level in endothelial cells.

Angiotensin II and renal excretion of sodium and potassium in unanaesthetized dogs.

Aldosterone is a kaliuretic hormone. It is also widely believed to be instrumental for physiological renal sodium sparing. How, then, can mammals respond to incipient dehydration or low sodium intake without inappropriate potassium loss? To study this problem angiotensin II (A II) was infused intravenously in six dogs.

Experimental post-traumatic lung insufficiency in dogs. Gross and light microscopic lung lesions.

Post-traumatic lung insufficiency in dogs was induced by a combination of haemorrhagic hypotension and liver trauma. In one experimental group, lung biopsies were sampled every 4 h. This paper describes the development of gross and light microscopic lunig changes in these dogs, and the lung lesions 12 h after initiation of the trauma in another experimental group.