Hybrid Explainable Artificial Intelligence Models for Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, and early detection is crucial for effective management. Metabolomics profiling has emerged as a promising approach for identifying potential biomarkers associated with DR progression. This study aimed to develop a hybrid explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) model for targeted metabolomics analysis of patients with DR, utilizing a focused approach to identify specific metabolites exhibiting varying concentrations among individuals without DR (NDR), those with non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and individuals with proliferative DR (PDR) who have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

A proposed tree-based explainable artificial intelligence approach for the prediction of angina pectoris.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a serious public health issue that affects and is responsible for numerous fatalities and impairments. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the most prevalent and deadliest types of CVDs and is responsible for 45% of all CVD-related fatalities. IHD occurs when the blood supply to the heart is reduced due to narrowed or blocked arteries, which causes angina pectoris (AP) chest pain.

[Acute muscle loss and early effects of COVID-19 on skeletal muscle in adult patients: a retrospective cohort study].

Objectives: It is known that COVID-19 has multisystemic effects. However, its early effects on muscle tissue have not been clearly elucidated. The aim of this study is to investigate early changes in the pectoral muscle in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with presumed diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Background: Acute appendicitis (AAp) is the most frequent cause of acute abdominal pain, and appendectomy is the most frequent emergency procedure that is performed worldwide. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused delays in managing diseases requiring emergency approaches such as AAp and trauma.

Aim: To compare the demographic, clinical, and histopathological outcomes of patients with AAp who underwent appendectomy during pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods.

Diagnostic and treatment outcomes of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the first year of COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a significant strain on human life and health care systems, however, little is known about its impact on tuberculosis (TB) patients.

Aims: To assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis, treatment and patient outcomes, using the WHO definitions.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Malatya region, Turkey (population 800 000).

A Retrospective Evaluation of Serological Results of Cystic Echinococcosis Suspected Cases Admitted to Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital Between 2013-2020.

Objective: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is prevalent, especially in animals in Turkey and stands as a significant zoonose. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) tests results performed on samples of CE suspected patients in microbiology laboratory of our hospital.

Methods: One thousand six hundred-seven files of patients admitted to hospital between January 2013 and December 2020 were examined for the presence of anti- immunoglobulin G antibodies.

Prediction of Postcoronary Artery Bypass Grafting Atrial Fibrillation: POAFRiskScore Tool.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF), a condition that might occur after a heart bypass procedure, has caused differing estimates of its occurrence and risk. The current study analyses the possible risk factors of post-coronary artery bypass grafting (post-CABG) AF (postoperative AF [POAF]) and presents a software for preoperative POAF risk prediction.

Methods: This retrospective research was performed on 1,667 patients who underwent CABG surgery using the hospital database.

Traumatic lung herniation due to Cow's kick.

Lung herniation, where the lung and its visceral and parietal components protrude outwards from a defect in the chest wall, is not common. It is most commonly secondary to blunt or penetrating trauma. The diagnosis is difficult, as the presentation differs according to aetiology.

Is there a Relationship between Serum IGF-1 and Thyroid Nodule, Thyroid or Ovarian Volume in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?

Context: Studies investigating the association between serum IGF-1, and thyroid nodule, ovarian or thyroid volume in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are limited.

Objective: We aimed to analyze the association between serum IGF-1 level, and ovarian or thyroid volume, or thyroid nodule in PCOS.

Design: The study was performed between June 2017 and August 2019 as prospective design.

Multi-parameter-based radiological diagnosis of Chiari Malformation using Machine Learning Technology.

Background: The known primary radiological diagnosis of Chiari Malformation-I (CM-I) is based on the degree of tonsillar herniation (TH) below the Foramen Magnum (FM). However, recent data also shows the association of such malformation with smaller posterior cranial fossa (PCF) volume and the anatomical issues regarding the Odontoid. This study presents the achieved result regarding some detected potential radiological findings that may aid CM-I diagnosis using several machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Association between mesenteric panniculitis and non-neoplastic disorders.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between MP and coexisting non-neoplastic disorders.

Methods: Consecutive abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans of 4674 patients were evaluated retrospectively for CT features of MP between January 2017 and January 2018. Clinical findings of patients were analyzed.

Emergency Department visits after bariatric surgery.

Background: Although bariatric surgery (BS) has an excellent safety profile, postoperative complications have undoubtedly increased due to the rise in the amount of operations performed annually. In parallel, the number of visits to the Emergency Department (ED) after surgery is increasing. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, and the risk factors associated with postoperative ED visits after BS.

The current role of robotics in bariatric surgery.

Significant improvements have been made in bariatric surgery for the past two decades. Thus, early and late complication rates decreased significantly. Thanks to its promising results, robotic surgery is finding increasing use in the field of surgery and the bariatric surgery is one of these areas.

Prediction of death status on the course of treatment in SARS-COV-2 patients with deep learning and machine learning methods.

Background And Objective: The new type of Coronavirus (2019-nCov) epidemic spread rapidly, causing more than 250 thousand deaths worldwide. The virus, which first appeared as a sign of pneumonia, was later called the SARS-COV-2 with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome by the World Health Organization. The SARS-COV-2 virus is triggered by binding to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE 2) inhibitor, which is vital in cardiovascular diseases and the immune system, especially in conditions such as cerebrovascular, hypertension, and diabetes.

The role of physical activity on mental health and quality of life during COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed restrictions on people's physical activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical activity levels of individuals and assess the effects of physical activity on quality of life, depression and anxiety levels during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods: This cross-sectional study were included 2301 participants aged 20-75 years.

Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of bipartite patella: usefulness and relationship with symptoms.

Purpose: Bipartite patella is a rare developmental variation of the knee cap. We aimed to identify the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of bipartite patella and evaluate the association with clinical symptoms.

Material And Methods: MRI exams of 61 patients with bipartite variant were evaluated for types of bipartite patella, oedema around the synchondrosis, bipartite fragment height (FH), distance between the fragment and the patella (FPD), and signal characteristics within the synchondrosis.

Active Rebleeding of a Ruptured Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm During Diagnostic Catheter Angiography.

Rebleeding of cerebral aneurysms has been previously reported during diagnostic angiography. However, capturing the exact moment of active rebleeding of a cerebral aneurysm during angiography is extremely rare. Here, a case of a rebleeding middle cerebral artery aneurysm during diagnostic digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was illustrated, accompanied with a video demonstration of the incident which is the only one in the literature.

Factors Affecting Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Relatives of Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Aim: To determine the incidences of anxiety and depression in relatives of patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) and to investigate the relationships between psychological symptoms and demographic features of the patients and their relatives.

Methodology: Relatives of 78 ICU patients were enrolled in the study. Sociodemographic features of patients and their relatives were recorded.