The effects of exergames on upper extremity performance, trunk mobility, gait, balance, and cognition in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled study.

Background: In recent years, game-based exercises have been included more in the rehabilitation programs of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and positive effects have been observed.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the effects of innovative games particularly designed for neurological patients on upper extremity performance, trunk mobility and cognition in patients with PD.

Method: Twenty-three patients were enrolled in this randomized controlled study and randomly allocated into two groups: Exergames Program (EP) and Conventional Exercise Program (CP).

Do cervical stabilization exercises change the effects of conventional exercises in patients with Parkinson's disease?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine whether cervical stabilization exercises (CSEs) change the effects of conventional exercises (CEs) in patients with PD.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with PD were randomized into two groups. While the experimental group (EG) received CSEs in addition to CEs, the control group (CG) received only CEs.

Acute effects of lumbosacral mobilization on balance and functional activities in idiopathic Parkinson's disease:A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Decreased axial rotation, impaired coordination between axial segments and axial tone contribute to gait, balance and postural disorders in Parkinson's Disease.

Aims: The aim of our study was to examine the acute effects of lumbosacral mobilization on balance and functional activities in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's Disease.

Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at Hacettepe University.

Effects of freezing of gait on balance in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of freezing of gait (FOG) on static and dynamic balance.

Methods: Twenty patients with Parkinson's disease with and without FOG [PD+FOG (68,6±6,39 years) and PD-FOG group (70,6±4,57 years)] and 10 healthy individuals (68,4±4,92 years) with similar demographic characteristics were included in the study. Balance was compared between the three groups.

The Effect of the Activation of the Core Muscles on Tremor in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Trunk stabilization is important in providing postural control and extremity movements, and is maintained by the muscles called "core".

Objective: The aim of this report was to demonstrate the effect of core muscles contraction on upper extremity tremor.

Materials And Methods: A 22-year-old Multiple Sclerosis patient with right extremity ataxia was included in this report.

Spectral Analysis of Lithium Tremor.

Introduction: Lithium has proven efficacy in bipolar affective disorder (BAD) but induces tremor as a side effect in a quarter of patients. Lithium tremor (LT) shares some clinical characteristics of essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease tremor (PT), which might cause difficulties in differential diagnosis. Furthermore, current knowledge of LT is lacking detailed electrophysiological characterization.

Frequency of non-motor symptoms and their impact on the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease: a prospective descriptive case series.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to show non-motor symptoms (NMS), in addition to motor symptoms, in the foreground of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). We also examined the prevalence of dopamine dysregulation syndrome, which can be evaluated based on NMS, its risk factors, and its effects on quality of life (QOL) by using various scales and questionnaires.

Methods: In total, 75 patients with IPD (46 men, 29 women) who attend the outpatient neurology clinic of our hospital were included in the study.

Striatal Neurotransmitter Release-related Presynaptic Proteins in L-dopa Induced Dyskinesia in a Model of Parkinsonism.

Introduction: In Parkinson's disease, L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) and motor fluctuations incapacitate patients as much as the disease itself. Many studies demonstrated that postsynaptic alterations and striatal synaptic plasticity changes play a role in LID development. Here, we aimed to study the role of striatal presynaptic proteins in LID pathogenesis.

Pathophysiology underlying drooling in Parkinson's disease: oropharyngeal bradykinesia.

We aimed to investigate the association between drooling and possible etiological factors in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to determine its effect on the quality of life. Demographic data of the 63 patients with idiopathic PD were recorded. Radboud Oral Motor Inventory for Parkinson's disease (ROMP) test was administered to all patients to evaluate speech, swallowing functions, and saliva control.

Default mode network connectivity is linked to cognitive functioning and CSF Aβ1-42 levels in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Changes in the default mode network (DMN) activity are early features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be linked to AD-specific Aβ pathology.

Methods: Cognitive profiles; DMN connectivity alterations; and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ)1-42, total tau, phosphorylated tau 181, and α-synuclein levels were studied in 21 patients with AD and 10 controls.

Results: DMN activity is altered in AD.

Reversible acute cognitive dysfunction induced by bilateral STN stimulation.

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment modality for motor symptoms of advanced Parkinson's disease. Recent studies focus on exploring its possible effects on cognition and behavior. We present a case with acute cognitive dysfunction due to misalignment of the electrodes to the ventromedial STN which persisted for 3 weeks but was totally reversed by proper repositioning to the dorsolateral STN.

Recurrent alien hand syndrome in a multiple sclerosis case.

Alien hand syndrome is the strange feeling of one's hand behaving independently. This syndrome has rarely been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Herein, we present a 34-year-old female MS patient who had recurrent symptoms of alien hand syndrome that were evaluated as MS attacks based on cranial magnetic resonance imaging that showed demyelinating lesions in the corpus callosum.