Investigating brain dynamics and their association with cognitive control in opioid use disorder using naturalistic and drug cue paradigms.

Objectives: Opioid use disorder (OUD) impacts millions of people worldwide. The prevalence and debilitating effects of OUD present a pressing need to understand its neural mechanisms to provide more targeted interventions. Prior studies have linked altered functioning in large-scale brain networks with clinical symptoms and outcomes in OUD.

A Quantitative Examination of Illness Models Among People With Opioid Use Disorder Receiving Methadone Treatment.

Background: Few studies have examined illness models among people with addiction. We investigated illness models and their associations with demographics and treatment beliefs among patients receiving methadone treatment for opioid use disorder.

Methods: From January 2019 to February 2020, patients receiving methadone treatment at outpatient opioid treatment programs provided demographics and rated using 1 to 7 Likert-type scales agreement with addiction illness models (brain disease model, chronic medical condition model [CMCM], and no explanation [NEM]) and treatment beliefs.

The connectivity indices concept of neutrosophic graph and their application of computer network, highway system and transport network flow.

To address information ambiguities, this study suggests using neutrosophic sets as a tactical tool. Three membership functions (called and ) that indicate an object's degree of truth, indeterminacy, and false membership constitute the neutrosophic set. It becomes clear that the neutrosophic connectivity index (CIN) is an essential tool for solving practical problems, especially those involving traffic network flow.

The sleep justice study - a prospective cohort study assessing sleep as a cardiometabolic risk factor after incarceration: a protocol paper.

Background: An estimated 11 million individuals are released from U.S. jails and prisons each year.

Prenatal Care Experiences of Childbearing People With Disabilities in Ontario, Canada.

Objective: To explore the care experiences of childbearing people with physical, sensory, and/or intellectual/developmental disabilities during pregnancy.

Design: Descriptive qualitative.

Setting: Ontario, Canada, where physician and midwifery care during pregnancy are provided at no direct cost to residents.

Anti-corruption in global health systems: using key informant interviews to explore anti-corruption, accountability and transparency in international health organisations.

Objectives: Corruption undermines the quality of healthcare and leads to inequitable access to essential health products. WHO, Global Fund, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and World Bank are engaged in anti-corruption in health sectors globally. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, weakened health systems and overlooked regulatory processes have increased corruption risks.

Synthesis and characterization of porous reduced graphene oxide based geopolymeric membrane with titanium dioxide coating for forward osmosis application.

Forward Osmosis (FO) is a promising separation technology with a wide range of applications in water and wastewater treatment. FO membrane is the core of the forward osmosis process. Recently, the organic membrane has been widely used for forward osmosis applications even though inorganic membrane has excellent mechanical properties, decent chemical resistance, high durability, high porosity, and good hydrophilicity.

An exploration of anti-corruption and health in international organizations.

Corruption is a global wicked problem that threatens the achievement of health, social and economic development goals, including Sustainable Development Goal # 3: Ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all. The COVID-19 pandemic and its resulting strain on health systems has heightened risks of corruption both generally and specifically within health systems. Over the past years, international organizations, including those instrumental to the global COVID-19 response, have increased efforts to address corruption within their operations and related programs.

A systematic review of digital technology and innovation and its potential to address anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability in the pharmaceutical supply chain.

Introduction: The urgent need to acquire medical supplies amidst the COVID-19 pandemic has led to bypassing of controls that govern the global pharmaceutical supply chain, increasing the risk of corruption. Hence, promoting anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability (ACTA) in supply chain and procurement has never been more important. The adoption of digital tools, if designed and implemented appropriately, can reduce the risks of corruption.

Barriers to and facilitators of effective communication in perinatal care: a qualitative study of the experiences of birthing people with sensory, intellectual, and/or developmental disabilities.

Background: Effective provider-patient communication is a key element of quality health care, including perinatal care. What constitutes "effective communication" in perinatal care may vary according to the population seeking care, such as women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and sensory disabilities. Research broadly indicates that communication issues are among the barriers to perinatal care experienced by women with disabilities.

Cardiometabolic disorders, inflammation and the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A longitudinal study comparing lean and non-lean individuals.

Background: There is limited knowledge about the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with cardiometabolic disorders in lean persons. This study examines the contribution of cardiometabolic disorders to NAFLD risk among lean individuals and compares to non-lean individuals.

Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from 6,513 participants of a yearly voluntary routine health testing conducted at the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Brazil.

Barriers and Facilitators to Resuming In-Person Psychotherapy with Perinatal Patients amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multistakeholder Perspective.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, outpatient psychotherapy transitioned to telemedicine. This study aimed to examine barriers and facilitators to resuming in-person psychotherapy with perinatal patients as the pandemic abates. We conducted focus group and individual interviews with a sample of perinatal participants ( = 23), psychotherapy providers ( = 28), and stakeholders ( = 18) from Canada and the U.

Nano architectured cues as sustainable membranes for ultrafiltration in blood hemodialysis.

Membranes with zeolites are encouraging for performing blood dialysis because zeolites can eliminate uremic toxins through molecular sieving. Although the addition of various pore-gen and adsorbent in the membrane can certainly impact the membrane production along with creatinine adsorption, however, it is not directed which pore-gen along with zeolite leads to better performance. The research was aimed at reducing the adsorption of protein-bound and uremic toxins by using mordenite zeolite as an adsorbent while polyethylene glycol and cellulose acetate as a pore generating agent.

Association of cardiovascular risk profile with healthcare expenditure and resource utilization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Objective: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the leading causes of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden in the United States (US). While previous reports have shown that an optimal cardiovascular risk factor (CRF) profile is associated with improved outcomes among COPD patients, the impact of ASCVD and CRF on healthcare costs and resource utilization is not well described.

Methods: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) database was used from 2011 to 2016 to study healthcare expenditure for COPD patients with and without ASCVD and across CRF profiles in a nationally representative population of adults in the United States.

Differences in Symptoms and Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea between Black and White Patients.

Prior work suggests that Black patients have more severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) upon clinical presentation. However, the extent to which this may reflect differences in symptoms or other standard measures of OSA risk is unclear. We assessed for racial disparities in OSA characteristics at time of initial clinical diagnosis.

Neighborhoods with Greater Prevalence of Minority Residents Have Lower Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Adherence.

Limited data suggest racial disparities in continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence exist. To assess whether CPAP adherence varies by neighborhood racial composition at a national scale. Telemonitoring data from a CPAP manufacturer database were used to assess adherence in adult patients initiating CPAP therapy between November 2015 and October 2018.