Comparative analysis of general and regional anesthesia applications in geriatric hip fracture surgery.

Background: This study compares the outcomes of general anesthesia (GA) and regional anesthesia (RA) in geriatric hip fracture surgery to determine optimal anesthesia strategies for this population.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing studies comparing GA and RA in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Studies encompassed various designs, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and meta-analyses.

Using Nobel Prize case-based learning in Medical Immunology to cultivate critical thinking dispositions for medical undergraduates.

Background: Critical thinking has been regarded as an essential skill for college students, which is especially imperative for medical students to possess the ability to have in-depth insight into complex clinical situations. Medical Immunology is an overarching principle connecting multiple medical subjects, which emphasizes that immunity is both beneficial and harmful to the host, thus putting higher demands on students' critical thinking. The utilization of Nobel Prize stories has been cited as a thematic framework for classroom teaching of other courses, showing numerous educational benefits.

Astragalus polysaccharide ameliorates CD8 T cell dysfunction through STAT3/Gal-3/LAG3 pathway in inflammation-induced colorectal cancer.

Chronic inflammation can promote cancer development as observed in inflammation-induced colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the poor treatment outcomes emphasize the need for effective treatment. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a vital component of the natural drug Astragalus, has anti-tumor effects by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and enhancing immune function.

Gut microbiota-derived 12-ketolithocholic acid suppresses the IL-17A secretion from colonic group 3 innate lymphoid cells to prevent the acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis.

Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disruption are well-known as the primary triggers of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, their role in regulating the group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which are essential for intestinal health, remains unexplored during the development of disease severity. Here, our results showed that the microbiota structure of patients with severe UC (SUCs) differed from those with mild UC (MiUCs), moderate UC (MoUCs), and healthy controls (HCs).

Salvianolic acid B protects against pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating stimulating protein 1-mediated macrophage and alveolar type 2 cell senescence.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), as the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, is caused by a complex interaction of pathological mechanisms. Interestingly, IPF frequently occurs in the middle-aged and elderly populations but rarely affects young people. Salvianolic acid B (SAB) exerts antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antifibrotic bioactivities and is considered a promising drug for pulmonary disease treatment.

Dachengqi Decoction alleviates intestinal inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthma by reducing group 2 innate lymphoid cells in a microbiota-dependent manner.

Background And Aim: Dachengqi Decoction (DCQD) as a classic traditional Chinese medicine has been reported to be effective in treating asthma, but its mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to reveal the mechanisms of DCQD on the intestinal complications of asthma mediated by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) and intestinal microbiota.

Experimental Procedure: Ovalbumin (OVA) was used to construct asthmatic murine models.

subsp. BL-99 ameliorates colitis-related lung injury in mice by modulating short-chain fatty acid production and inflammatory monocytes/macrophages.

Pulmonary inflammation as one of the extraintestinal manifestations of ulcerative colitis (UC) has attracted extensive attention, and its pathogenesis is closely related to gut dysbiosis. subsp. BL-99 (BL-99) can alleviate osteoporosis caused by UC, but less research has been done on other extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) caused by UC.

IL-17A aggravates asthma-induced intestinal immune injury by promoting neutrophil trafficking.

With the concept of the gut-lung axis reinforced in recent years, emerging evidence has shown that intestinal homeostasis is vital for lung health. Nevertheless, the impacts of lung homeostasis on intestinal tracts and their mechanism are rarely studied. Our results showed that papain-induced asthmatic mice exhibited apparent colonic injuries compared with controls, including increased intestinal permeability, neutrophil and Th17 infiltration in the colonic lamina propria.

[Sagittaria sagittifolia polysaccharides regulates Nrf2/HO-1 to relieve liver injury caused by multiple heavy metals in vivo and in vitro].

This study explored whether Sagittaria sagittifolia polysaccharides(SSP) activates the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) signaling pathway to protect against liver damage jointly induced by multiple heavy metals. First, based on the proportion of dietary intake of six heavy metals in rice available in Beijing market, a heavy metal mixture was prepared for inducing mouse liver injury and HepG2 cell injury. Forty male Kunming mice were divided into five groups: control group, model group, glutathione positive control group, and low-and high-dose SSP groups, with eight mice in each group.

Sagittaria sagittifolia polysaccharide protects against six-heavy-metal-induced hepatic injury associated with the activation of Nrf2 pathway to regulate oxidative stress and apoptosis.

The hepatic protective role of Sagittaria sagittifolia polysaccharide (SSP) and its possible mechanism were discussed in mice and L02 hepatocytes injured by heavy metals mixture of Cd + Cr (VI) + Pb + Mn + Zn + Cu. After 30-day intervention, blood and liver samples were collected for the relevant assessments. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed 24 h was the best protecting point and the SSP protection at 1 mg/mL was strongest in L02 hepatocytes.

Gegen Qinlian Decoction Alleviates Experimental Colitis and Concurrent Lung Inflammation by Inhibiting the Recruitment of Inflammatory Myeloid Cells and Restoring Microbial Balance.

Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) as one of the intractable diseases in gastroenterology seriously threatens human health. Respiratory pathology is a representative extraintestinal manifestation of UC affecting the quality of life of patients. Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription for UC or acute lung injury.

LCN2 as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis Related to Disease Duration.

Background: Patients with long-duration ulcerative colitis (UC) had a higher risk of developing ulcerative colitis-associated carcinogenesis (UCAC) when compared to those with short-duration UC. This study aimed to discover the biomarker for cancer surveillance related to disease duration.

Methods: The microarrays were divided into short-duration (<10 years) UC, long-duration (≥10 years) UC, UCAC, and normal groups in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets.

Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction Ameliorates Pulmonary Inflammation via Reshaping Gut Microbiota and Rectifying Th17/Treg Imbalance in a Murine Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent obstructive airway disease, has become the third most common cause of death globally. Xuanbai Chengqi decoction (XBCQ) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the acute exacerbation of COPD. Here, we aimed to reveal the therapeutic effects of XBCQ administration and its molecular mechanisms mediated by Th17/Treg balance and gut microbiota.

Investigation of the Active Ingredients and Mechanism of Hudi Enteric-Coated Capsules in DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Mice Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification.

Background: Hudi enteric-coated capsule (HDC) is a Chinese medicine prescribed to treat ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its anti-inflammatory active ingredients and mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the active components of HDC and explore its potential mechanisms against UC by integrating network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Allium tuberosum alleviates pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting activation of innate lymphoid cells and modulating intestinal microbiota in asthmatic mice.

Objective: This study tests whether long-term intake of Allium tuberosum (AT) can alleviate pulmonary inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice and evaluates its effect on the intestinal microbiota and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs).

Methods: BALB/c mice were divided into three groups: phosphate buffer saline, OVA and OVA + AT. The asthmatic murine model was established by sensitization and challenge of OVA in the OVA and OVA + AT groups.

[Algae-inhibitory effect and mechanism of plant source n-caprylic acid].

Objective: To research the algae-inhibitory effect and mechanism of a plant source n-caprylic acid extracted from coconut oil on M. aeruginosa.

Methods: The M.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch is required for the differentiation of follicular helper T cells.

Follicular helper T cells (T(FH) cells) are responsible for effective B cell-mediated immunity, and Bcl-6 is a central factor for the differentiation of T(FH) cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the induction of T(FH) cells remain unclear. Here we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch was essential for the differentiation of T(FH) cells, germinal center responses and immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to acute viral infection.

Phlegm-dampness constitution: genomics, susceptibility, adjustment and treatment with traditional Chinese medicine.

The constitution of traditional Chinese medicine was established in 1970s by Chinese scholars, in which the constitutions of Chinese people were classified into nine types for study. The phlegm-dampness constitution is one of the nine constitutions and is the most common type in constitution study. Genomics studies found four upregulated genes: COPS8, GNPDA1, CD52 and ARPC3; and six downregulated genes: GSPT2, CACNB2, FLJ20584, UXS1, IL21R and TNPO in the phlegm-dampness constitution.

[Effects of Dureping Injection on the contents of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissue of mice with pneumonia of influenza virus infection].

Objective: To observe the effects of Dureping Injection on the contents of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the lung tissue of mice with pneumonia of influenza virus infection.

Methods: Sixty-six ICR mice were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, the low, middle, and high dose Dureping Injection groups (0.435, 0.

Effect and mechanisms of Gong-tone music on the immunological function in rats with Liver (Gan)-qi depression and Spleen (Pi)-qi deficiency syndrome in rats.

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Gong-tone music on the immunological function in rats with the Chinese medicine syndrome of Liver (Gan)-qi stagnation and Spleen (Pi)-qi deficiency (LSSD).

Methods: Twenty five male Wistar rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group, model group, Xiaoyao Powder () group, Gong-tone group and combined group (the combination of Gong-tone and Xiaoyao Powder), with 5 rats in each group. The rat model for the Chinese medicine syndrome of LSSD was induced by chronic bandage and irregular diet.

Immunogenicity and in vitro protective efficacy of a polyepitope Plasmodium falciparum candidate vaccine constructed by epitope shuffling.

A polyepitope chimeric antigen incorporating multiple protective and conservative epitopes from multiple antigens of Plasmodium falciparum has been considered to be more effective in inducing multiple layers of immunity against malaria than a single stage- or single antigen-based vaccine. By modifying the molecular breeding approach to epitope shuffling, we have constructed a polyepitope chimeric gene that encodes 11 B-cell and T-cell proliferative epitope peptides derived from eight key antigens mostly in the blood stage of Plasmodium falciparum. A 35-kDa antigen encoded by this gene, named Malaria RCAg-1, was purified from an E.

[Influence of bondage stress on Th1/Th2 cytokines and growth of tumors in mice bearing S180 tumor cells].

Aim: To observe the influence of bondage stress on Th1/Th2 cytokines and growth of tumor in mice bearing S180 tumor cells.

Methods: 2 x 10(6) S180 tumor cells were injected subcutaneously into the murine right oxter,and bondage stress was imposed on mice for 8 hours per day,ten days running. Then T lymphocyte proliferation was detected by MTT colorimetry.