Effect of Selenium Nanoparticles on Alternative Splicing of Rainbow Trout Head Kidney under Heat Stress.

Alternative splicing (AS) is an important post-transcriptional regulation, which can expand the functional diversity of gene products and is a mechanism for eukaryotes to cope with abiotic stress. However, there are few studies on AS events in rainbow trout under heat stress. In this study, RNA-Seq data were used to clarify the effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on the AS events of rainbow trout head kidney under heat stress.

Protective Effects of 17-βE on the Primary Hepatocytes of Rainbow Trout () Under Acute Heat Stress.

The rainbow trout () is a typical cold-water species. However, due to global warming, it has experienced prolonged high-temperature stress. Research indicates that thermotolerance in rainbow trout varies by sex at multiple physiological levels.

Purified Polysaccharide Combined with Inactivated Vaccine Markedly Prevents Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus Infection in Rainbow Trout ().

Rainbow trout () is experiencing a catastrophic pandemic. In recent years, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) has spread nationwide, resulting in significant mortality. Currently, there are no available treatments or vaccines for IHNV in China.

Combined transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the effects of copper exposure on the liver of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Copper (Cu) is recognized as an essential trace elements for the body; However, excessive levels of Cu can lead to toxic effects. We investigated the effects of Cu(75 μg/L, 150 μg/L, and 300 μg/L) on the rainbow trout liver. Combination of transcriptome and metabolome analyses, the regulatory mechanisms of the liver under Cu stress were elucidated.

Ribosome Profiling and RNA Sequencing Reveal Translation and Transcription Regulation under Acute Heat Stress in Rainbow Trout (, , ) Liver.

Rainbow trout (, , ) is an important economic cold-water fish that is susceptible to heat stress. To date, the heat stress response in rainbow trout is more widely understood at the transcriptional level, while little research has been conducted at the translational level. To reveal the translational regulation of heat stress in rainbow trout, in this study, we performed a ribosome profiling assay of rainbow trout liver under normal and heat stress conditions.

Alternative Splicing Reveals Acute Stress Response of Litopenaeus vannamei at High Alkalinity.

Alkalinity is regarded as one of the primary stressors for aquatic animals in saline-alkaline water. Alternative splicing (AS) can significantly increase the diversity of transcripts and play key roles in stress response; however, the studies on AS under alkalinity stress of crustaceans are still limited. In the present study, we devoted ourselves to the study of AS under acute alkalinity stress at control (50 mg/L) and treatment groups (350 mg/L) by RNA-seq in pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).

Combined analysis of mRNA and miRNA reveals the mechanism of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under acute alkalinity stress.

The pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is now a more common aquaculture species in saline-alkali waters, while alkalinity stress is considered to be one of the stressors for shrimp. Thus, an understanding of the molecular response to alkalinity stress is critical for advancing the sustainability of culture in pacific white shrimp. In this study, we aimed to explore the response mechanism to acute high-alkaline stress by RNA-seq at low-alkaline (50 mg/L) and high-alkaline (350 mg/L).

Potential role of miR-8159-x in heat stress response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a representative species of cold-water fish. Elevated temperatures during summer often result in significant high mortality rates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are class of small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role as post-transcriptional regulators in various biological processes.

Post-synthetic atomically precise single-Cu sites in a thiacalix[4]arene-supported octahedral Na@Co cluster: the Cu-Co synergistic effect for selective photocatalytic conversion of CO to CO.

A thiacalix[4]arene-supported octahedral Na@Co cluster has been fabricated by the modular assembly of six Co-(TC4A) polynuclear secondary building units (PSBUs) and eight 2,4,6-PTC linkers. The post-modification of Na@Co by ion exchange of Na with Cu on the surface of the octahedron afforded a structurally well-defined Cu@Co cluster. The obtained Cu@Co cluster achieved improved visible-light absorption and selective photoreduction of CO to CO due to the Cu-Co synergistic effect.

Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in a non-model animal: Non-coding RNAs respond to heat stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through ceRNA-regulated mechanisms.

Background: Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a typical cold-water fish. With global warming and extreme heat, high summer temperatures are the biggest threat to rainbow trout farming. Rainbow trout initiate stress defense mechanisms in response to thermal stimuli, and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation of target genes (mRNAs) mediated by non-coding RNAs (microRNAs [miRNAs], long non-coding RNAs) may be the main strategy for responding to thermal stimuli and enhancing adaptation.

Nano-selenium Antagonizes Heat Stress-Induced Apoptosis of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Hepatocytes by Activating the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

The cold-water fish rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) shows poor resistance to heat, which is the main factor restricting their survival and yield. With the advancement of nanotechnology, nano-selenium (nano-Se) has emerged as a key nano-trace element, showing unique advantages, including high biological activity and low toxicity, for studying the response of animals to adverse environmental conditions. However, little is still known regarding the potential protective mechanisms of nano-Se against heat stress-induced cellular damage.

Dietary nano-selenium alleviates heat stress-induced intestinal damage through affecting intestinal antioxidant capacity and microbiota in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Heat stress-induced intestinal damage is a key event in fish pathology. Nano-selenium (nano-Se) shows remarkably high biological activity and low toxicity, making it an ideal and ecological Se formulation; however, to date, the protective effects of nano-Se against heat stress-induced intestinal injury and pertinent molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed either a basal diet or basal diet + 5 mg/kg nano-Se.

Thiacalix[4]arene-Sandwiched Sandglass-like Ln Clusters (Ln = Tb and Eu): Insights into the Selective Luminescence Quenching Properties by -Nitrobenzene Derivatives.

Nonanuclear lanthanide clusters (Ln = Tb and Eu) based on --butylthiacalix[4]arene (HTC4A) have been synthesized by the solvothermal reaction and were structurally determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The framework of can be termed as a sandglass-like structure whose two Ln-TC4A polynuclear secondary building units are bridged by one octa-coordinate {Ln(μ-O)} unit. Efficient TC4A-to-Ln energy transfer was observed for but not for .

Transcriptome sequencing reveals the effect of selenium nanoparticles on primary hepatocytes of rainbow trout.

Heat stress is one of the important threats in rainbow trout culture, and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have an important role in combating heat stress and enhancing immunity. In this study, to enable rainbow trout to survive at higher temperatures, we added 5 µg/mL SeNPs to hepatocytes to study the resistance effect and immune effect of SeNPs against heat stress, thus enabling rainbow trout to adapt to summer temperatures (Average 26 °C) in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China. Therefore, we investigated the transcriptome expression profile of hepatocytes spiked with SeNPs when exposed to heat stress.

Effect of selenium nanoparticles on alternative splicing in heat-stressed rainbow trout primary hepatocytes.

Alternative splicing (AS) is a ubiquitous post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes that generates multiple mRNA isoforms from a single gene, increasing diversity of mRNAs and proteins that are essential for eukaryotic developmental processes and responses to environmental stress. Results showed that a total of 37,463 AS events were identified in rainbow trout hepatocytes. In addition, a total of 364 differential alternative splicing (DAS) events were identified in hepatocytes under selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and 3632 DAS events were identified under a combination of SeNPs and heat stress (24 °C).

Comprehensive proteomic analysis to elucidate the anti-heat stress effects of nano-selenium in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Because of the continuous intensification of global warming, extreme climate fluctuations, and high-density farming, cold-water rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are exposed to conditions of heat stress, which has severely impacted their survival and yield. Nano-selenium (nano-Se) shows higher biological activity and lower toxicity and has emerged as an ideal and ecological Se formulation. Herein rainbow trout were fed either a basal diet (control group) or basal diet plus 5 mg/kg nano-Se (treatment group).

Metabonomics analysis reveals the protective effect of nano‑selenium against heat stress of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Nano‑selenium (nano-Se) shows high biological activity and low toxicity, and has emerged as an ideal antioxidant. Our goal was to determine the underlying mechanism of nano-Se-mediated heat stress tolerance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics, histomorphology, and conventional biochemical assays, we investigated the physiological responses of heat-stressed rainbow trout to nano-Se.

Protective effects of different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) primary hepatocytes under heat stress.

Heat stress leads to altered expression of associated heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are critical molecular chaperones related to cellular function in living organisms. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), a nanocomposite form of Se, have a protective effect against heat stress-induced cellular damage. In this study, primary rainbow trout hepatocytes were isolated to identify the protective function of SeNPs in rainbow trout hepatocytes.

RNA-seq Analysis Reveals Alternative Splicing Under Heat Stress in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is one of the most economically important cold-water farmed species in the world, and transcriptomic studies in response to heat stress have been conducted and will be studied in depth. Alternative splicing (AS), a post-transcriptional regulatory process that regulates gene expression and increases proteomic diversity, is still poorly understood in rainbow trout under heat stress. In the present study, 18,623 alternative splicing events were identified from 9936 genes using RNA transcriptome sequencing technology (RNA-Seq) and genomic information.

Integrated analysis of the responses of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network to heat stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver.

Background: With the intensification of global warming, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) suffer from varying degrees of thermal stimulation, leads to mass mortality, which severely restrict the development of aquaculture. Understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms of rainbow trout under heat stress is useful to develop approaches to relieve symptoms.

Results: Changes in nonspecific immune parameters revealed that a strong stress response was caused in rainbow trout at 24 °C, so we performed multiple transcriptomic analyses of rainbow trout liver under heat stress (HS, 24 °C) and control conditions (CG, 18 °C).

Proteome analysis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver responses to chronic heat stress using DIA/SWATH.

Aquaculture of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is severely hampered by high temperatures in summer, and understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling responses to chronic heat stress may assist the development of measures to relieve heat stress. In the present study, biochemical parameters revealed a strong stress response in rainbow trout at 24 °C, including activation of stress defence and immune systems. Liver proteome analysis under heat stress (24 °C) and control (18 °C) conditions using DIA/SWATH identified precursors (90,827), peptides (67,028), proteins (6770) and protein groups (5124), among which 460 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs; q-value < 0.

Effectively toughening polypropylene with in situ formation of core-shell starch-based particles.

Impact modifier particles with the core-shell structure in the polypropylene (PP) matrix were successfully prepared in situ by melt blending PP, thermoplastic starch acetate (TPAS) and poly(ethylene octane) grafted with maleic anhydride (POE-MA). It was found that the core was formed by TPAS, while the shell was formed by POE-MA. This core-shell particle plays an important role in toughening PP.