Distinct biophysical and chemical mechanisms governing sucrose mineralization and soil organic carbon priming in biochar amended soils: evidence from 10 years of field studies.

Unlabelled: While many studies have examined the role of biochar in carbon (C) accrual in short-term scale, few have explored the decadal scale influences of biochar on non-biochar C, e.g., native soil organic C (SOC) and added substrate.

Fenton-ultrasound treatment of corn stalks enhances humification during composting by stimulating the inheritance and synthesis of polyphenolic compounds-preliminary evidence from a laboratory trial.

The impact of Fenton-ultrasound treatment on the production of polyphenols and humic acid (HA) during corn stalk composting was investigated by analyzing the potential for microbial assimilation of polysaccharides in corn stalks to generate polyphenols using aC-glucose tracer. The results showed that Fenton-ultrasound treatment promoted the decomposition of lignocellulose and increased the HA content, degree of polymerization (DP), and humification index (HI). The primary factor could be attributed to Fenton-ultrasound treatment-induced enhanced the abundance of lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms, as Firmicutes, Actinobacteria phylum and Aspergillis genus, which serve as the primary driving forces behind polyphenol and HA formation.

The native SOC increase in woodland and lawn soil amended with biochar surpassed greenhouse - A seven-year field trial.

The effects of applying biochar with the same characteristics and at the same dose on the storage, composition, and underlying mechanisms of native organic carbon (n-SOC) dynamics in different ecosystems are still unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of biochar amendment (7 years) on carbon sequestration and the n-SOC pools of woodland, lawn, and greenhouse soils. The 'water floating method' and improved 'combustion loss method' were used in this study to quantify residual biochar in soil.

Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter Released from Aged Biochar: A Comparative Study of Two Feedstocks and Multiple Aging Approaches.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays important roles in environmental ecosystems. While many studies have explored the characteristics of aged biochar, limited information is available about the properties of DOM derived from aged biochar. In this study, biochar obtained from maize stalk and soybean straw were aged using farmland or vegetable-soil solution, as well as soil solution containing hydrogen peroxide (HO).

Inducing Inorganic Carbon Accrual in Subsoil through Biochar Application on Calcareous Topsoil.

Biochar amendments add persistent organic carbon to soil and can stabilize rhizodeposits and existing soil organic carbon (SOC), but effects of biochar on subsoil carbon stocks have been overlooked. We quantified changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and SOC to 2 m depth 10 years after biochar application to calcareous soil. The total soil carbon (i.

Dispose of Chinese cabbage waste via hydrothermal carbonization: hydrochar characterization and its potential as a soil amendment.

Landfill of waste biomass not only poses a threat to environmental protection but also leads to a great waste of biomass resources. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been considered a promising method to convert the wet biomass into hydrochar, a high-value-added product with multiple application potentials. The cabbage waste, typical wet waste biomass with a huge production per year, was hydrothermally carbonized under 190 °C and 260 °C, respectively.

Infection Disturbed the Microbiome Structure Throughout the Whole Tobacco Crop Niche as Well as the Nitrogen Metabolism in Soil.

Infections of result in huge agricultural and economic losses. As known, the proposal of effective biological measures for the control of soil disease depends on the complex interactions between pathogens, soil microbiota and soil properties, which remains to be studied. Previous studies have shown that the phosphorus availability increased pathobiome abundance and infection of rhizosphere microbial networks by .

An exploration of manure derived N in soils using N after the application of biochar, straw and a mix of both.

It is common practice to apply manure onto soil as an effective way to increase soil fertility. However, the impact of different carbon sources on the transformation and fate of manure derived nitrogen (N) remains poorly understood. This study investigated the mineralization and immobilization turnover (MIT) of various manure-N fractions using sequential extractions and N tracing techniques combined after soil amendment with biochar, straw and mixtures thereof.

Implication of O dynamics for both NO and CH emissions from soil during biological soil disinfestation.

Soil O dynamics have significant influences on greenhouse gas emissions during soil management practice. In this study, we deployed O-specific planar optodes to visualize spatiotemporal distribution of O in soils treated with biological soil disinfestation (BSD). This study aimed to reveal the role of anoxia development on emissions of NO and CH from soil amended with crop residues during BSD period.

Spatial-heterogeneous granulation of organic amendments and chemical fertilizer stimulated NO emissions from agricultural soil: An microcosm study.

The promising application modes of organic fertilizer (OF) and chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer (CF) could be the homogeneous granulation (HG: OF and CF are distributed spatially evenly) and spatial heterogeneous granulation (SG: OF and CF are distributed separately in space), where the N transformation processes, such as the nitrous oxide (NO) emissions, are greatly influenced by the spatial distribution of the OF and CF, particularly. Currently, there is a lack of in-depth understanding about the microbial mechanisms of the SG and HG application on NO emissions, and the related functional guilds (ammonia oxidizers and heterotrophic denitrifiers) respond to the granular fertilizer is yet not known. In the present study, we made CF (N-(NH)SO), cow compost and maize straw (2% or 8% based on the N proportion) into granular of 1 cm in diameter, in HG and SG forms, respectively, and then applied these granules in soils for 80 days incubation.

Spatial heterogeneous granulation enhance soil nitrogen supply potential via regulating dissolved organic nitrogen.

Combined application of organic fertilizer (OF) and chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer (CF) is a common fertilization practice, providing better N supply pattern for crop growth. However, few studies focused on the effect of granulation method of these two fertilizers on N supply to soil. To validate this effect, we mixed the CF (N-(NH)SO) into cow manure powders with maize straw powder at rate of 2% or 8% (dry weight), respectively, in two forms, homogeneous granulation (HG) and spatial heterogeneous granulation (SG), and applied them to soil to investigate their difference in N transformations during an 80-day incubation.

Synthesis, characterization and application of magnetic and acid modified biochars following alkaline pretreatment of rice and cotton straws.

The development of distinct biochar from agricultural waste for soil and environment remediation is valuable. Moderate pretreatment with sodium hydroxide may open the lignocellulosic structure of crop straw and then enhance the impregnation of iron oxides and phosphates, finally leading to the production of distinct biochars. In this study, two common agricultural wastes of rice and cotton straw were first treated with a dilute NaOH solution and then soaked in either Fe-Co nitrate or HPO solution.

Biochar altered native soil organic carbon by changing soil aggregate size distribution and native SOC in aggregates based on an 8-year field experiment.

Soil aggregates play an important function in soil carbon sequestration because larger aggregates have higher soil organic carbon contents. A field experiment was set up in 2009 that included four treatments, i.e.

Using a combination of PLFA and DNA-based sequencing analyses to detect shifts in the soil microbial community composition after a simulated spring precipitation in a semi-arid grassland in China.

Increased spring precipitation in semi-arid grasslands could improve annual primary productivity. However, little is known about the responses of soil microbes to individual spring precipitation. In this study, we combined phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and DNA-based high-throughput sequencing analyses to investigate short-term (days) shifts in the soil microbial community composition after a simulated spring precipitation.

Does soil amendment alter reactive soil N dynamics following chloropicrin fumigation?

Chloropicrin fumigation had strong inhibitory effect on soil N cycling. Knowledge gap existed about the performance of reactive N in soil applied with different amendments used to improve the fumigation function or soil quality. In this study, we employed four amendments, i.

Hydrochar production from watermelon peel by hydrothermal carbonization.

Watermelon peel waste was hydrothermally carbonized under 190°C and 260°C for 1h, 6h, and 12h, respectively. The hydrochar and spent liquor were collected and assayed for their properties. The results indicated that hydrochar yield was 2-5% and 46-95% on fresh and dry matter, respectively.

Efficiency of sewage sludge biochar in improving urban soil properties and promoting grass growth.

It is meaningful to quickly improve poor urban soil fertility in order to establish the green land vegetation. In this study, a series rates (0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 50%, in mass ratio) of biochar derived from municipal sewage sludge was applied into an urban soil and then turf grass was grown in pots. The results showed that biochar amendment induced significant increases in soil total nitrogen, organic carbon, black carbon, and available phosphorus and potassium by more than 1.

[Effects of applying inorganic P and wheat straw on the microbial biomass P and microbial P concentration in a calcareous soil with low concentration available P].

In an incubation test, a calcareous soil with low concentration of available P was amended with KH2PO4 (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg P x kg(-1)) and ground wheat straw (5 g C x kg(-1)), and incubated at 25 degrees C for 90 days. The aim was to investigate the change patterns of soil microbial biomass P and microbial P concentration as well as their relationships with soil available P. The results showed that both soil microbial biomass P and microbial P concentration increased with increasing inorganic P addition, with the maximum being 71.

[Effect of straw pretreatment on soil microbial biomass and respiration activity].

Winter wheat straw particles (0.5 ~ 2.0mm) were soaked with 8.