A scoping review of community health needs and assets assessment: concepts, rationale, tools and uses.

Background: Community health needs and assets assessment is a means of identifying and describing community health needs and resources, serving as a mechanism to gain the necessary information to make informed choices about community health. The current review of the literature was performed in order to shed more light on concepts, rationale, tools and uses of community health needs and assets assessment.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the literature published in English using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PDQ evidence, NIH database, Cochrane library, CDC library, Trip, and Global Health Library databases until March 2021.

The PATH project in eight European countries: an evaluation.

Purpose: This paper's aim is to evaluate the perceived impact and the enabling factors and barriers experienced by hospital staff participating in an international hospital performance measurement project focused on internal quality improvement.

Design/methodology/approach: Semi-structured interviews involving international hospital performance measurement project coordinators, including 140 hospitals from eight European countries (Belgium, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia). Inductively analyzing the interview transcripts was carried out using the grounded theory approach.

FcαRI-mediated inhibition of IL-12 production and priming by IFN-γ of human monocytes and dendritic cells.

We showed that IgA induces IL-10 in monocytes and dendritic cells. Because reciprocal inhibition exists between IL-10 and IL-12, we explored whether IgA could regulate this other immunoregulatory cytokine. In human monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells preincubated with IFN-γ before stimulation by LPS, suppression of p40 and IL-12p70 production was observed upon IgA treatment during IFN-γ priming.

Dual effect of neutrophils on pIgR/secretory component in human bronchial epithelial cells: role of TGF-beta.

Neutrophils have a dual affect on epithelial pIgR/SC, the critical receptor for transcellular routing of mucosal IgA, but mechanisms of pIgR/SC upregulation remain elusive. Requirements of cytokine, redox, and signalling pathways for pIgR/SC production were assessed in human bronchial epithelial (Calu-3) cells cocultured with increasing numbers of blood neutrophils. Increased SC production was observed after incubation for 48 hrs with intermediate neutrophil numbers (1.

Evaluation of Brilliance ESBL agar, a novel chromogenic medium for detection of extended-spectrum-beta- lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Brilliance ESBL agar (OX; Oxoid, Basingstoke, United Kingdom), a novel chromogenic agar for the selective isolation and the presumptive identification of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. A panel of 200 clinical Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae and nonfermenting isolates with defined resistance mechanisms was inoculated onto OX and onto ChromID ESBL agar (BM; bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) chromogenic medium in the first part of the study to evaluate the growth selectivity and chromogenic features of these two media. Of the 156 Enterobacteriaceae challenge isolates, 8 fully susceptible isolates were inhibited, all 98 ESBL producers were detected, and 50 isolates harboring other resistance mechanisms were recovered on both chromogenic agars.

Induction of interleukin-10 expression through Fcalpha receptor in human monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells: role of p38 MAPKinase.

As previously reported by others for immunoglobulin (Ig)G, we observed that IgA can induce interleukin (IL)-10 expression in human monocytes. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanisms of IL-10 induction by IgA in monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MD-DCs). Monomeric IgA induced IL-10 production in monocytes and this production was further increased upon IgA cross-linking.

LPS induces IL-10 production by human alveolar macrophages via MAPKinases- and Sp1-dependent mechanisms.

Background: IL-10 is a cytokine mainly produced by macrophages that plays key roles in tolerance to inhaled antigens and in lung homeostasis. Its regulation in alveolar macrophages (HAM), the resident lung phagocytes, remains however unknown.

Methods: The present study investigated the role of intracellular signalling and transcription factors controlling the production of IL-10 in LPS-activated HAM from normal nonsmoking volunteers.

A performance assessment framework for hospitals: the WHO regional office for Europe PATH project.

Objective: The World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe launched in 2003 a project aiming to develop and disseminate a flexible and comprehensive tool for the assessment of hospital performance and referred to as the performance assessment tool for quality improvement in hospitals (PATH). This project aims at supporting hospitals in assessing their performance, questioning their own results, and translating them into actions for improvement, by providing hospitals with tools for performance assessment and by enabling collegial support and networking among participating hospitals.

Methods: PATH was developed through a series of four workshops gathering experts representing most valuable experiences on hospital performance assessment worldwide.

Increased nursing-time requirements due to pressure sores in long-term-care residents in Quebec.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that pressure sores significantly influence the nursing workload, after taking confounding factors into account, i.e., patients' characteristics simultaneously associated with the occurrence of pressure sores and the nursing-time requirements.