Creatine supplementation protects against diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver but exacerbates alcoholic fatty liver.

Aims: This work investigated the effects of creatine supplementation on different pathways related to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease.

Main Methods: To induce alcoholic liver disease, male Swiss mice were divided into three groups: control, ethanol and ethanol supplemented with creatine. To induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, mice were divided into three groups: control, high-fat diet and high-fat diet supplemented with creatine.

Effect of running exercise on titanium dioxide (TiO)-induced chronic arthritis and sarcopenia in mice. A titanium prosthesis loosening injury model study.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate if titanium dioxide (TiO) joint administration is a useful pre-clinical model to study sarcopenia-related chronic arthritis, and if exercise is a useful therapeutic approach against the pathogenesis of TiO-induced arthritis and sarcopenia in mice.

Main Methods: Two experiments were conducted. Firstly, 36 female Swiss mice were randomly divided into a control group (n = 12) and two groups who received intra-articular TiO injections of 0.

Resistance Training's Ability to Prevent Cancer-induced Muscle Atrophy Extends Anabolic Stimulus.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC1) activation and catabolic markers in resistance training's (RT) antiatrophy effect during cachexia-induced muscle loss.

Methods: Myofiber atrophy was induced by injecting Walker 256 tumor cells into rats exposed or not exposed to the RT protocol of ladder climbing. The role of RT-induced anabolic stimulation was investigated in tumor-bearing rats with the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin, and cross-sectional areas of skeletal muscle were evaluated to identify atrophy or hypertrophy.

Creatine supplementation does not promote tumor growth or enhance tumor aggressiveness in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of creatine (Cr) supplementation on tumor microenvironment, evaluating the parameters of tumor aggressiveness.

Methods: Sixteen male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 8/group): Tumor-bearing (T) and tumor-bearing supplemented with Cr (TCr). Cr supplementation was provided in drinking water for a total of 21 d.

Moderate vs high-load resistance training on muscular adaptations in rats.

Aims: The main aim of this study was to investigate the moderate versus high-load resistance training on muscle strength, hypertrophy and protein synthesis signaling in rats.

Methods: Twenty rats were randomly allocated into three groups as follow: control group (C, n = 6), high-load training (HL, n = 7) and moderate-load training (ML, n = 7). A ladder climb exercise was used to mimic resistance exercise.

Creatine supplementation exacerbates ethanol-induced hepatic damage in mice.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of creatine supplementation on early stages of ethanol-induced hepatic damage.

Methods: Male Swiss mice were divided into three groups (n = 12/group): control (C), ethanol (E), and ethanol supplemented with creatine (EC). The control group received a diet containing 15.

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for fracture sequelae: How the initial fracture treatment influences the outcomes of joint replacement.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the results of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in proximal humeral fracture sequelae (PHFS) in fractures initially treated conservatively versus those initially treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).

Methods: It is a retrospective study that includes all PHFS treated with a RSA from September 2006 to December 2013. Twenty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria.

Creatine supplementation in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats prevents skeletal muscle atrophy by attenuating systemic inflammation and protein degradation signaling.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of creatine supplementation on muscle wasting in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats.

Methods: Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 10/group): control (C), tumor bearing (T), and tumor bearing supplemented with creatine (TCr). Creatine was provided in drinking water for a total of 21 days.

A Technical Note for Extracting an Incarcerated Femoral Kuntscher Nail.

Introduction: The use of the Kuntscher nail has been the most important advancement in trauma surgery. One of the problems is the difficulty to remove it. A new extraction technique is described in the present case report.

Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in prosthetic joint infections: not a concern for intraoperative cultures.

Background: Culture negative prosthetic joint infections (PJI) still remain an issue even with the advantages of the new diagnostic tools for PJI. This is why some orthopedic surgeons have reservations relative to the use of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis when a PJI is suspected. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis on intraoperative cultures.

Influence of glenosphere size on the development of scapular notching: a prospective randomized study.

Hypothesis: The objective of the study was to evaluate the development of scapular notching in reverse shoulder arthroplasty by comparing larger glenospheres (42 mm) with smaller glenospheres (38 mm).

Methods: This was a prospective randomized study of 81 patients who had undergone reverse shoulder arthroplasty with a 2-year follow-up. Patients were randomized to receive either a 42-mm glenosphere (38 patients) or a 38-mm glenosphere (43 patients).

Superficial wound infection does not cause inferior clinical outcome after TKA.

Purpose: Superficial wound infections do not lead to chronic prosthetic joint infection. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that a superficial infection of a surgical wound following a successfully treated TKA does not lead to a lower functional outcome at long-term follow-up. This may be due to early diagnosis and proper treatment without interrupting the rehabilitation programme.

Use of antibiotic-loaded cement in total knee arthroplasty.

Bone cement has the capacity to release antibiotic molecules if any antibiotic is included in it, and these elution properties are improved as cement porosity is increased. In vitro studies have shown high local antibiotic concentration for many hours or few days after its use. Antibiotic loaded bone cement (ALBC) is helpful when treating an infection in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) revision surgery.

The minimal clinically important difference for function and strength in patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Hypothesis: Despite a statistically significant improvement in functional scores after receiving a reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in a cuff-deficient shoulder, not all patients perceive a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in every functional domain of the score.

Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study including 60 consecutive patients with a cuff-deficient shoulder treated with a RSA. The Constant score was recorded before surgery and at a 1-year follow-up assessment.

Cervical paravertebral osteolipoma: case report and literature review.

Lipomas are the most frequent soft tissue tumors. Osteolipomas are a rare variant that can be difficult to diagnose. We report the case of a 66-year-old man consulting with a tumor of 2 years development in the right paravertebral cervical region.

Long term follow-up of successfully treated superficial wound infections following TKA.

The relevance of wound complications in association with acute prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is well known. However, whether a successfully treated superficial infection can result in a chronic deep infection remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, treatment and late complications of superficial wound infections following TKA.

Treatment of fracture sequelae of the proximal humerus: comparison of hemiarthroplasty and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

Introduction: Fracture sequelae (FS) of the proximal humerus is a challenging scenario in shoulder surgery. Despite they have been traditionally treated with hemiarthroplasty (HA), the use of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has been recently introduced. However, there are no studies comparing the results of HA and RSA in FS.

The use of erythromycin and colistin-loaded cement in total knee arthroplasty does not reduce the incidence of infection: a prospective randomized study in 3000 knees.

Background: The use of antibiotic-loaded cement is believed to prevent infection in primary total knee arthroplasty, but there is a lack of randomized studies to support this concept. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of an antibiotic-loaded cement to reduce the infection rate in primary total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: This is a prospective randomized study with 2948 cemented total knee arthroplasties, in which bone cement without antibiotic was used in 1465 knees (the control group) and a bone cement loaded with erythromycin and colistin was used in 1483 knees (the study group).

Comparison of quality of life between elderly patients undergoing TKA.

The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term changes in quality of life for patients younger than 80 years with those 80 years and older undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It was hypothesized that patients 80 years and older had a similar quality of life after TKA compared with those younger than 80 years.All consecutive patients undergoing primary TKA were enrolled in this prospective, comparative, prognostic (level I evidence) study and were stratified into 2 groups based on their age (younger than 80 years and 80 years and older).