Prognostic value of macular neovascularisation characteristics for photoreceptor integrity in nAMD: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between characteristics of macular neovascularisation (MNV) and photoreceptor integrity in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled treatment-naïve nAMD eyes and conducted a 3-month follow-up. 16 quantitative MNV features were evaluated using optical coherence tomography angiography, and the impaired areas of ellipsoid zone (EZ), external limiting membrane (ELM) and outer nuclear layer (ONL) were obtained using optical coherence tomography.

Widefield indocyanine green angiography evaluating choroidal vein drainage pattern and choroidal vein alterations in acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To access the distribution of choroidal vein drainage pattern and the choroidal vein alterations in choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) areas in eyes with acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using widefield indocyanine green angiography (WF-ICGA).

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, medical records and multimodal imaging of 127 patients (165 eyes) with CSC were reviewed. The number and location of dominant vortex veins and CVH areas on WF-ICGA images were evaluated.

Molecular Responses of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Integrative Insights From Multi-Omics and Clinical Imaging.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) efficacy and response variability in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using longitudinal proteomic and metabolomic analysis alongside three-dimensional lesion measurements.

Methods: In this prospective study, 54 treatment-naive patients with nAMD underwent "3+ pro re nata" (3+PRN) anti-VEGF regimens followed for at least 12 weeks. Aqueous humors were collected pre- and post-treatment for proteomic and metabolomic analysis.

NATURAL COURSE OF AGE-RELATED RETENTIONAL AVASCULAR PIGMENT EPITHELIAL DETACHMENT: Support For The Lipid Barrier Hypothesis.

Purpose: Retentional pigment epithelial detachment (PED) associated with age-related scattered hypofluorescent spots on late-phase indocyanine green angiography (ASHS-LIA) is hypothesized to be caused by Bruch membrane's lipid barrier. This study aimed to report the natural course of retentional PED and evaluate the relationship between retentional PED evolution and ASHS-LIA.

Methods: Patients with treatment-naïve retentional PED were enrolled and observed every 3 months for at least 12 months.

Association between three-dimensional morphological features and functional indicators of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between morphological lesions and functional indicators in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of treatment-naïve nAMD eyes. Various morphological lesions and impaired retinal structures were manually measured at baseline and month-3 in three-dimensional optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images, including the volumes (mm) of macular neovascularization (MNV), avascular subretinal hyperreflective material (avascular SHRM), subretinal fluid (SRF), intraretinal fluid (IRF), serous pigment epithelial detachment (sPED) and the impaired area (mm) of ellipsoid zone (EZ), external limiting membrane (ELM) and outer nuclear layer (ONL).

Single cell transcriptome analysis identified a unique neutrophil type associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Neutrophils play an essential role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, the extent of their heterogeneity remains poorly explored, particularly in the context of developing novel therapies targeting these cells.

Results: We investigate the population structure of neutrophils purified from peripheral blood samples of AD mice.

Analyzing Formation and Absorption of Avascular Subretinal Hyperreflective Material in nAMD From OCTA-Based Insights.

Purpose: To investigate the formation and absorption of avascular subretinal hyperreflective material (avSHRM) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: This study included patients with treatment-naive nAMD who were followed up for 3 months.

Diurnal Variation in Choroidal Parameters Among Healthy Subjects Using Wide-Field Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diurnal variation in choroidal parameters in a wide field area among healthy subjects and to identify correlations between choroidal luminal area and stromal area and various systemic factors.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 42 eyes from 21 healthy participants (mean age = 32.4 ± 8.

EPIRETINAL MACROPHAGE-LIKE CELLS ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY: Potential Inflammatory Imaging Biomarker of Severity in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical value of epiretinal macrophage-like cells (eMLCs) in different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), including diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: One hundred and seventy-six eyes of 176 patients, including 31 diabetes eyes without retinopathy, 24 with mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR), 37 with moderate NPDR, 32 with severe NPDR, and 52 with proliferative DR, were compared with 30 healthy controls. The optic nerve head and macular region were examined using en face optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography.

A Novel Exploration of the Choroidal Vortex Vein System: Incidence and Characteristics of Posterior Vortex Veins in Healthy Eyes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and characteristics of posterior vortex veins (PVVs) in healthy eyes and explore their relationship with age and refractive status.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional analysis encompassed 510 eyes from 255 consecutive healthy participants. Wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (WF-OCTA) imaging was used to assess the presence of PVVs.

Quantitative evaluation of choroidal and retinal microvasculature post-alcohol consumption: A pilot study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of acute, heavy alcohol consumption on the ocular microvasculature, providing insight into the largely unexplored response of microvascular structures to excessive drinking.

Methods: Healthy volunteers in this prospective pilot study were tasked with consuming spirits, wine, and water at different times. Alcohol intake was measured according to body weight (g/kg).

A prospective observation of influence of anti-VEGF on optic disc vasculature in nAMD patients.

Background: This study aims to investigate the short-term changes in relatively normal retinal vessels following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy in nAMD patients, an area that currently represents a research gap.

Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled patients newly diagnosed with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and received standardized monthly anti-VEGF therapy for three months. Follow-ups were conducted at baseline and 1-week, 1-month, 2-months and 3-months post first injection.

SOLITARY PUNCTATE CHORIORETINITIS: A Unique Subtype of Punctate Inner Choroidopathy.

Purpose: To describe a case series of a special subtype of punctate inner choroidopathy with solitary lesions in the macular area and named solitary punctate chorioretinitis.

Methods: This retrospective observational study clinically evaluated 12 eyes from 12 patients diagnosed as punctate inner choroidopathy with solitary lesions. Demographic data and multimodal imaging features were analyzed for the included patients.

Choroidal Vein Alterations in Pachychoroid Disease With Choroidal Vascular Hyperpermeability: Evaluated by Wide-Field Indocyanine Green Angiography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate choroidal vein (ChV) morphological features in pachychoroid disease (PCD) with choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH).

Methods: This retrospective study assessed subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and CVH area numbers and locations of recruited patients with PCD using multimodal images. ChV alteration patterns, including fusiform, bulbosity, sausaging, confluence, and anastomoses, as well as asymmetric ChVs, dominant ChVs, and non-dominant ChVs, were evaluated using wide-field indocyanine green angiograms.

Macrophage-like Cells Characterized by En Face Optical Coherence Tomography was Associated with Fluorescein Vascular Leakage in Behçet's Uveitis.

Purpose: To investigate the features of macrophage-like cell (MLC) characterized by en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) in Behçet's uveitis (BU).

Methods: The extent of fluorescein vascular leakage (FVL) was graded on a scale of 0-3 (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe) for the optic nerve head (ONH), macula and peripheral retina. The 3μm en face OCT slabs on inner limiting membrane of ONH or macular region was used to visualize the MLCs.

Characterizing neurotrophic factor-induced synaptic growth in primary mouse neuronal cultures.

Neurotrophic factors and their signaling cascades play important roles in synaptic growth, which can be investigated in cultured primary neurons to better control the concentrations and timing of neurotrophic factor treatment. Here, we provide a protocol detailing the preparation of cultured primary mouse neurons and the neurotrophic factor treatment. We then describe electrophysiological recording of synaptic transmission, immunocytochemistry of AMPA receptor expression, and imaging analysis of dendritic spines.

The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depression-like Behaviors in Mice.

Peripheral inflammation plays a key role in the development of depression-like behaviors. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain largely unknown. Here, we found that the level of citrullinated histone H3 (cit-H3) significantly increased in the plasma of wildtype mice treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which indicated that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were formed.

Expression of the erythropoietin receptor in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and its correlation with postoperative visual prognosis.

Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a leading cause of blindness. This study aimed to analyze the expression of the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) in patients with PDR and its correlation with postoperative visual prognosis.

Methods: Between May 2016 and May 2017, 89 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery (VRS) in Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College were enrolled.

Neonatal exposure to ketamine disrupts developmental synapse unsilencing and predisposes adult mice for stressor-evoked anxiety.

Accumulating evidence suggests long-lasting impairments in brain development and cognition caused by neonatal exposure to general anesthetics. To date, very little is known about potential abnormal psychiatric manifestations attributable to neonatal anesthesia. In this study, we used ketamine to induce anesthesia in neonatal mice.

Cdk7 Is Required for Activity-Dependent Neuronal Gene Expression, Long-Lasting Synaptic Plasticity and Long-Term Memory.

In the brain, gene expression driven by learning-associated neuronal activities is critical for the formation of long-term memories. However, the signaling machinery mediating neuronal activity-induced gene expression, especially the rapid transcription of immediate-early genes (IEGs) remains unclear. Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are a family of serine/threonine kinases that have been firmly established as key regulators of transcription processes underling coordinated cell cycle entry and sequential progression in nearly all types of proliferative cells.

Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release by Amyloid Precursor Protein Through Synapsin Phosphorylation.

Abnormal processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and aggregation of the Aβ peptide are known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease, but the function of endogenous APP under normal physiological conditions remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated presynaptic changes in APP knockout (KO) mice. We demonstrate that both sucrose-induced neurotransmission and synaptic depletion in response to high frequency stimulation are significantly enhanced in APP KO compared to wild type littermates.

Transient inhibition of LIMKs significantly attenuated central sensitization and delayed the development of chronic pain.

Central sensitization represents a key mechanism mediating chronic pain, a major clinical problem lacking effective treatment options. LIM-domain kinases (LIMKs) selectively regulate several substrates, e.g.