A new species of Pseudogekko (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Romblon Island Group, Central Philippines.

We describe a new species of lizard in the genus Pseudogekko from Sibuyan and Tablas islands in the Romblon Island Group of the central Philippines. The new species is diagnosed from other Philippine Pseudogekko by body size and shape, color pattern, and multiple differences in scale characteristics. Pseudogekko isapa sp.

The blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case with prominent head and neck findings.

The blue rubber nevus syndrome describes a clinical entity that presents with cutaneous and visceral hemangiomas, particularly those found in the gastrointestinal tract. These lesions may appear at birth or in early childhood and can increase in size and frequency with age. Oral cavity hemangiomas occur in 59% to 64% of cases.

Correlation between facial pain or headache and computed tomography in rhinosinusitis in Canadian and U.S. subjects.

Objectives: Objectives were 1) to determine whether a correlation exists between facial pain or headache and sinus disease severity by computed tomography (CT) scan in patients with rhinosinusitis and 2) to compare disease severity and pain perception in two geographically diverse North American patient populations.

Study Design: Prospective patient questionnaire before CT scan of the paranasal sinuses.

Methods: Patients with refractory rhinosinusitis were recruited at the University of Texas Medical Branch (Galveston, TX) and the University of Alberta (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada).

Recurrent facial neuromas.

Objective: The study aimed to present clinical, radiographic, and operative findings in cases of recurrent facial neuromas and discuss changes in demographics of primary facial neuromas since 1986.

Data Sources: MEDLINE search of English language literature since 1966 and bibliographies of collected articles were the data sources.

Study Selection: All available reports of recurrent facial neuromas (N = 8) and case reports of primary facial neuromas since 1986 (N = 238) were selected.

MR imaging of nasal masses.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is useful in evaluating the wide spectrum of diseases that cause nasal masses. MR imaging is most helpful in (a) defining tumor margins and possible intracranial extension and (b) differentiating tumor (which has intermediate, heterogeneous signal intensity on T2-weighted images) from concurrent postobstructive sinusitis and other infectious or inflammatory masses (which have high, homogeneous signal intensity on T2-weighted images if the secretions are well hydrated). The analysis becomes more complicated in cases with desiccated and mixed composition secretions.

Unusual subclavian steal: bidirectional and antegrade blood flow in the vertebral artery.

We present an unusual radiographic manifestation of subclavian steal seen in six patients. These cases differ from the classic form of subclavian steal in that antegrade and bidirectional blood flow in the vertebral-subclavian artery system is seen, resulting in the steal phenomenon.

A study of radiologic imaging techniques and airway grading to predict a difficult endotracheal intubation.

Study Objectives: To study whether a detailed radiographic examination of neck and upper airway can help identify normal looking patients in whom endotracheal intubation may be difficult; determine whether such parameters as identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can also be identified in a soft tissue radiograph; and to study the correlation between oropharyngeal appearance, based on Mallampati's classification, and laryngoscopic findings in a large number of patients requiring endotracheal intubation.

Design: Prospective.

Setting: University medical center.

CT of the spine: value of reformatted images.

Recent improvements in CT software allow rapid and high-quality two-dimensional reformatting of scans of the spine. Reformatting involves computer interpolation of two-dimensional multislice images acquired during routine axial CT scanning in order to generate a three-dimensional volume of data. From this block of data, new images are created and displayed in any desired plane.

Effects of transcallosal surgery on interhemispheric transfer of information.

The effects of transcallosal surgery on interhemispheric transfer of information were investigated in five patients who underwent partial section of the corpus callosum for evacuation of a brain tumor. In comparison with normal controls, postoperative findings indicated subtle motor and/or sensory manifestations of hemispheric disconnection which tended to resolve overtime. However, in no case were the disconnection effects disabling in the performance of daily activities.

Metastatic lesion of the optic nerve.

Metastatic disease to the optic nerve is uncommon. Optic nerve involvement has been described as an extension from choroidal, retinal, orbital, or central nervous system metastatic foci. Isolated optic nerve metastatic disease is extremely rare.

Postoperative atrophy of posterolateral chest wall musculature: CT demonstration.

We review five cases in which CT demonstrated severe unilateral atrophy of the latissimus dorsi muscle. In four of these cases, similar findings were also seen in the inferior portion of the serratus anterior muscle. All patients had undergone thoracic surgery on the ipsilateral side 10 months to 3 1/2 years prior to CT.

Comparison of single current dipole and magnetic field tomography analyses of the cortical response to auditory stimuli.

Measurements of the magnetic field elicited by a 50 ms long auditory stimulus, from three normal subjects and one head injured subject, are used to estimate the three dimensional distribution of generators in the brain. The resulting images are compared with point source solutions obtained with the usual single current dipole fitting procedures, over a latency range which includes the extrema in the (average) measured signal. In all cases considered, 100 or so epochs time-locked to the stimulus were magnetically recorded.

MR imaging of clival and paraclival lesions.

A wide spectrum of diseases involve the clivus and paraclival structures. Primary neoplasms, metastatic tumors, and inflammatory, vascular, and hematopoietic disorders are the most common abnormalities to arise from or directly involve the clivus. MR imaging exquisitely shows and helps characterize the diseases that affect this area.

Morphometry, histopathology, and tomography of cerebral atrophy in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) commonly display evidence of gross cerebral atrophy, but its true incidence and pathophysiology in the general AIDS population are unknown. In this study, we measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces in 64 consecutively autopsied patients with AIDS, compared them with age-matched non-AIDS subjects, and correlated them with the microscopic neuropathology at autopsy. Thirty-seven of the patients with AIDS (58%) had a CSF space index greater than two standard deviations above the mean of the age-matched control subjects.

Serial MRI and neurobehavioural findings after mild to moderate closed head injury.

Fifty patients who sustained mild to moderate closed head injury (CHI) underwent a CT scan, MRI, and neurobehavioural testing. At baseline 40 patients had intracranial hyperintensities detected by MRI which predominated in the frontal and temporal regions, whereas 10 patients had lesions detected by CT. Neurobehavioural data obtained during the first admission to hospital disclosed no distinctive pattern in subgroups of patients characterised by lesions confined to the frontal, temporal, or frontotemporal regions, whereas all three groups exhibited pervasive deficits in relation to normal control subjects.

Massive epistaxis due to pseudoaneurysm. Treated with detachable balloons.

A case of massive epistaxis refractory to nasal packing and bilateral surgical ligation of the internal maxillary and ethmoidal arteries is presented. Angiography revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the cervical portion of the internal carotid artery, and intravascular detachable balloons were used for epistaxis control. The appropriate use of intravascular diagnostic and therapeutic techniques is described.

Infantile right hemisphere injury: a case report with MRI and 13 year follow-up.

Serial neuropsychological findings were obtained in a case of infantile right parietal injury who was studied over a 13 year follow-up period. Magnetic resonance imaging at age 13 years documented extensive injury to the right hemisphere, particularly the parietal region. Serial examinations at age 7 and 13 years showed intact visual attention, normal expression and processing of affect and variable visuospatial abilities.

Gender differences in source location for the N100 auditory evoked magnetic field.

Auditory evoked magnetic fields were recorded in response to contralateral stimulation over the right hemisphere in 6 adult males and 6 adult females. The data were fit to a model of a current-dipole source in a homogeneous sphere and 5 parameters of the dipole were computed--3 spatial coordinates, orientation, and strength. When average values for the dipole parameters were compared between sexes, it was found that the current source for the N100m is located more than 1 cm posterior in females and is oriented pointing more downward.

Arteriovenous malformation of the tongue.

Polyvinyl alcohol particles used to embolize an arteriovenous malformation of the tongue were only temporarily successful. Additional embolization therapy was necessary and was complicated by ischemic ulcers of the tongue. We conclude that embolization therapy can be used, but the efficacy of this therapy in the longer term remains to be determined.

Magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological findings in human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Neurobehavioral functioning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were investigated in 25 patients with various Centers for Disease Control (CDC) stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and in a control group of seven normal subjects. Unequivocal slowing of information processing speed and cerebral atrophy were related to the stage of HIV infection, with patients in CDC group IV exhibiting the most abnormal findings. Slowing of response speed was directly related to the severity of cerebral atrophy.

Neurobehavioral and magnetic resonance imaging findings in two cases of decompression sickness.

Two divers underwent neurobehavioral examinations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) while hospitalized during the first 2 weeks after sustaining decompression sickness (DCS). Their neurologic findings included a Brown-Séquard Syndrome consistent with spinal cord lesion, and focal deficits consistent with cerebral lesion(s). MRI revealed subcortical white matter lesions in the brains of both divers, whereas no lesion of the spinal cord was demonstrated.