Impact of Fluconazole Resistance on the Outcomes of Patients With Candida parapsilosis Bloodstream Infections: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background: This study assesses the impact of fluconazole resistance on 30-day all-cause mortality and 1-year recurrence in patients with Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infections (BSI).

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was performed at 3 hospitals in Italy and Spain between 2018 and 2022. Adult patients with positive blood cultures for C.

spp. colonization: a genotype source found in blood cultures that can become widespread.

Objective: Our previous genotyping studies suggest that some anatomical locations act as reservoirs of genotypes that may cause further candidemia, since we found identical genotypes in gastrointestinal tract or catheter tip isolates and blood cultures, in contrast, we did not find blood culture genotypes in vagina samples. We observed that some genotypes can be found in blood cultures more frequently than others, some of them being called widespread genotypes because have been found in unrelated patients admitted to different hospitals. The presence of widespread genotypes may be more frequently found because of their predisposition to cause candidemia.

Detecting Echinocandin Resistance in C. glabrata Using Commercial Methods: Are CLSI or EUCAST Breakpoints Suitable for Categorical Classification?

Background: Previous studies correlated Sensititre YeastOne and gradient diffusion plastic strips with standard procedures for the detection of echinocandin-resistant C. glabrata isolates. However, these studies were limited by the low number of resistant isolates studied; the inclusion of sufficient numbers of mutant isolates is essential to test the procedures' capacity to detect resistance.

Fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis genotypes from hospitals located in five Spanish cities and one in Italy: Description of azole-resistance profiles associated with the Y132F ERG11p substitution.

Background: Fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis is a matter of concern.

Objectives: To describe fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis genotypes circulating across hospitals in Spain and Rome and to study their azole-resistance profile associated with ERG11p substitutions.

femoral osteomyelitis in a cardiac transplant patient: first reported case and literature review.

osteomyelitis is a rare complication of extrapulmonary invasive aspergillosis, which usually presents as spondylodiscitis. The clinical picture is usually paucisymptomatic and of long evolution, which leads to diagnostic difficulties, especially in immunosuppressed patients presenting a delayed systemic host response. We report a case of femoral osteomyelitis caused by in a heart transplant recipient successfully treated with a combined surgical and antifungal approach.

Clonal spread of fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis in patients admitted to a referral hospital located in Burgos, Spain, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis (FRCP) is a matter of concern in Spain.

Objectives: We here report a FRCP spread across a 777-bed referral hospital located in Burgos, Spain, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients/methods: In April 2021, an FRCP isolate (MIC = 64 mg/L, E-test®) from a hospitalised patient was detected.

New trends in antifungal treatment: What is coming up?

New antifungal agents are needed to overcome limitations of available ones such as poor pharmacokinetic traits, toxicity, drug-drug interactions, limited clinical efficacy, and emerging antifungal resistance. New antifungal drugs belong to well-known families (azoles, polyenes, or beta-d-glucan synthase inhibitors) or to drug families showing completely new mechanisms of action. Some drugs have a head start in terms of potential to reach the clinical setting and are here reviewed.

Fluconazole-resistant : A new emerging threat in the fungi arena.

is a leading cause of invasive candidiasis in southern Europe, Latin America and Asia. has been mostly considered susceptible to triazoles, but fluconazole resistance is on the rise in some countries. The main mechanism related to fluconazole resistance is the presence of ERG11p substitutions, dominated by the Y132F amino acid substitution.

Antifungal resistance in Candida spp within the intra-abdominal cavity: study of resistance acquisition in patients with serial isolates.

Objectives: Antifungal susceptibility testing is mostly conducted on blood-cultured Candida spp isolates. Because the intra-abdominal cavity has been highlighted as a hidden echinocandin-resistant C. glabrata reservoir, we assessed whether testing sequential isolates from a given patient might increase the chances of detecting antifungal resistance.

The Gastrointestinal Tract Is Pinpointed as a Reservoir of , , and Genotypes Found in Blood and Intra-Abdominal Samples.

Background: spp., as part of the microbiota, can colonise the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesised that genotyping spp.

Breakthrough invasive fungal infection among patients with haematologic malignancies: A national, prospective, and multicentre study.

Objectives: We describe the current epidemiology, causes, and outcomes of breakthrough invasive fungal infections (BtIFI) in patients with haematologic malignancies.

Methods: BtIFI in patients with ≥ 7 days of prior antifungals were prospectively diagnosed (36 months across 13 Spanish hospitals) according to revised EORTC/MSG definitions.

Results: 121 episodes of BtIFI were documented, of which 41 (33.

In vitro study to assess modulation of biofilm by from vaginal strains.

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is caused by biofilm formation and epithelial invasion. In addition, (EC) can establish a vaginal intracellular reservoir modulating spp. biofilm production.

Amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole MICs against clinical Mucorales isolates obtained by visual inspection and spectrophotometric reading according to the EUCAST 9.4 procedure.

We compared the antifungal susceptibility of 92 Mucorales isolates obtained by visual inspection and spectrophotometric readings following EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) testing. Amphotericin B minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were up to 1 mg/l against most isolates and variable among species, except for Cunninghamella bertholletiae. Posaconazole MICs against most isolates were up to 1 mg/l and high against Mucor circinelloides, some Rhizopus arrhizus, and Rhizopus microsporus.

Correction: Díaz-García et al. Genotyping of Blood Culture Isolates from Patients Admitted to 16 Hospitals in Madrid: Genotype Spreading during the COVID-19 Pandemic Driven by Fluconazole-Resistant . 2022, , 1228.

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Determination of the ability of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify high-biofilm-producing strains.

Background: The traditional method for assessing the capacity of a microorganism to produce biofilm is generally a static model in a multi-well plate using the crystal violet (CV) binding assay, which takes 96 h. Furthermore, while the method is simple to perform, its reproducibility is poor.

Objective: We evaluated whether matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) could make it possible to differentiate between high-and low-biofilm-producing microorganisms on 24-h cultures of and .

First Report of - Keratitis.

Coelomycetous fungi are among the emerging causes of infections and have been involved in many kinds of infections, including keratitis and endophtalmitis. Here, we present the first case of keratitis caused by a coelomycetous fungus belonging to the family Cucurbitariaceae. In this case report, we describe the clinical presentation of a 56-year-old woman, a regular contact lens wearer, who was treated for pain in her right eye and fixed spot vision after an injury with plant debris.

Recommendations of the Spanish Antibiogram Committee (COESANT) for in vitro susceptibility testing of antimicrobial agents by disk diffusion.

Disk diffusion is a well standardized method that provides reliable categorical results to guide antimicrobial therapy in numerous types of infections. Based on the guidelines of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST), which are widely implemented in Spain, the Spanish Antibiogram Committee (COESANT) has drawn up recommendations for antimicrobial selection by the disk diffusion technique, including selective reporting and its use for the detection of resistance mechanisms. Factors affecting disk diffusion results, along with advantages and shortcomings of the method, are also discussed.