Recombinant tumor necrosis factor and immune interferon act singly and in combination to reorganize human vascular endothelial cell monolayers.

Human endothelial cells (HECs) in confluent primary culture reproduce the epithelioid organization of the vascular lining in situ. The addition of greater than or equal to 20 U/ml recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) or greater than or equal to 16 U/ml recombinant immune interferon (rIFN-gamma) causes HECs 1) to become elongated, 2) to overlap, 3) to rearrange their actin filaments, and 4) to lose their stainable fibronectin matrix. These changes develop over 72-96 hours and are reversible upon withdrawal of the mediator.

Air pollution impact of a suburban highway segment.

Design traffic volumes, vehicle emission factors and meterological data are used to assess the impact of a suburban limited-access highway segment. Mesoscale effects are determined by emission inventory techniques. Microscale effects are determined using a pollutant dispersion model developed by the California Division of Highways.