A randomized, double-blind, multicentre controlled trial of ibuprofen versus acetaminophen and placebo for symptoms of acute otitis media in children.

Two hundred and nineteen children (boys: 56%, girls: 44%) were included in a randomized, double-blind, multicentre (4 centres) controlled trial designed to assess the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen (IBU) in the treatment of 1 to 6 year-old children with otoscopically proven acute otitis media (AOM), either unilateral or bilateral. They randomly received 10 mg/kg IBU (n = 71), or acetaminophen (PARA) (n = 73) or placebo (PLA) (n = 75), orally, tid, for 48 hours. All received oral cefaclor (Alfatil, Lilly, France) for seven days.

A method for the evaluation of tensile properties of skin equivalents.

In vitro production of anchored skin equivalent is a new therapeutical option for burn patients. A skin equivalent is a combined culture of dermal and epidermal layers. The dermal layer provides important mechanical properties, such as tensile resistance and nonlinear elasticity, to the skin equivalent during its development.

[The intervertebral disk. Attempt at a "finite element" model].

Intervertebral disk composite model is unsatisfactory definite in biomechanical behaviour despite multiples technics used. Using histologic and histoenzymology it's possible to determinate proportions of collagen fibers in the different parts of the disk. A trustworthy finite element 3D model is proposed and tried by real experiments.

Study of the tensile properties of living skin equivalents.

The living skin equivalent is one of the more advanced clinical applications in the field of tissue engineering. It is a promising therapeutic option for burn victims and a strong potential for manifold in vitro experiments. However, researchers have encountered major drawbacks in the reconstruction of the dermal layer.

Deletions of both alpha 5(IV) and alpha 6(IV) collagen genes in Alport syndrome and in Alport syndrome associated with smooth muscle tumours.

Diffuse oesophageal leiomyomatosis (DL), an inherited smooth muscle proliferation process, has been reported to be associated with Alport syndrome (AS), a familial nephropathy, mainly dominant X-linked inherited, and characterized by ultrastructural changes of the glomerular basement membrane. The COL4A5 gene, encoding the alpha 5 chain of type IV collagen, has been identified as the site of mutations in families with X-linked AS. Recently, a novel alpha 6(IV) collagen chain encoding gene has been mapped closely upstream of COL4A5, and disruption of the 5' end of both genes has been reported in four patients with DL and AS (DL-AS).

A model of the human lumbar vertebral column: a preliminary study.

Finite element modelling of the human lumbar vertebral column employs data-processing procedures for study of the linear and nonlinear elasticity of materials such as are currently used in mechanics or in civil engineering. Thanks to developments in computer science, requiring a close collaboration between doctors and engineers, we put forward in this preliminary study a linear computerised model of the lumbar column comprising 4824 meshes and 6813 nodes. By reducing the simplificatory hypotheses and integrating new parameters, this model as developed is capable of important clinical applications in surgery and ergonomics.

Preliminary study of the human lumbar spine using speckle technique. Limits of compression, shear and torsion. Speckle photography--electronic speckle pattern interferometry.

Optical techniques using single wavelength lasers allow precise study of the superficial displacements of deeper anatomical structures through direct mechanical pull. Two techniques have been used in this study: 1. Double exposure speckle photography.

[Anatomic bases of groin strain].

It was attempted to identify the anatomical bases of the syndrome frequently encountered in sportsmen and women and commonly known under the all-encompassing term of "groin strain". The continuity of fasciae and the intersection of the insertion tendinous fibers of the abdominal and thigh muscles in the pre-pubic region binds the muscle elements firmly together and helps to understand why the disorder occurs and how to treat it. In contrast, the articular portion made up of the symphysis pubis, which is greatly exerted both during movement and at rest, has early signs of ageing making articular strain much more difficult to treat.

[Reliability of cutaneous markers in kinetic studies of the human thoracic and lumbar spine].

The use of cutaneous markers as an accurate method of measuring spine motion was studied in five cadaveric spine samples and two live subjects. The markers were placed on the skin over the spinous processes, a particularly suitable site in thin subjects for determining the displacement of the underlying skeletal segments because the deep layer of the skin is in adherence with their fibrous surrounding sheath. Fairly close correlations were obtained in the sagittal and frontal planes between the two sets of measurements.

[The capsulo-synovial folds of the intercondylar fossa of the human knee].

The study of the capsular insertions of the synovial membrane in the intercondylar fossa of the knee yielded information on the much debated anatomy of this area. In the cranial region, the insertions are found on the axial surface of each condyle, strengthening the dorsal attachment of the cruciate ligaments but remaining separate from these structures. In contrast, more caudalward, the cruciate ligaments, which are partly bordered by synovial lods recesses, are embedded in the posterior adipose mass and distinct from the bridging passage at a distance from the capsula.

The anatomical basis for ultrasonography of the lateral pterygoid muscle and the infratemporal fossa.

The infratemporal fossa and its contents (particularly the pterygoid muscles) is a region difficult to explore, in spite of its importance in odontostomatological pathology. In order to reduce the indications that justify examination by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, for reasons of economy of health, the authors describe by application of orientated anatomical slices the way in which ultrasonography can be performed. Only the posterior approach between the mandible laterally and the mastoid process medially provided consistently adequate exploration of the infratemporal fossa and the pterygoid muscles.

Preliminary opto-electronic study on vertebral movement.

Opto-electronic systems utilising measurement of displacement of skin markers allows study of movement in the living subject. The authors have used this method in a kinematic study of the thoracic and lumbar spine measuring the displacement of skin markers placed over the spinous processes. It was possible to approach the physiological state of these complex movements once the apparatus had been calibrated to the correct level, and the error margins minimised.

[Critical view of methods for studying the motion of the thoracic and lumbar spine in man].

The study on motion of human thoracic and lumbar spine is difficult. To examine this point, technology will be divided in six class and each of them being benefits and disadvantages. Owing to ethics, authors agree with skin tapes allowing to know imperfectly freeness of motion without risks.

Human neutrophil gelatinase is a collagenase type IV.

Secreted gelatinase from human neutrophils was purified as a 94 kDa polypeptide. Gelatinolytic and type IV collagenolytic activities of the purified protein were measured and compared. Immunoglobulins purified from antisera raised against gelatinase inhibited both the gelatinase and type IV collagenase activities.

[The axillopectoral muscle].

Extending between the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles, the "pectoro-axillary" muscle, the principal anatomic variation of the axillary wall, forms and ectopic muscle band that can complicate axillary dissection. The origin and features of this supernumerary muscle related to Langer's arch are described with emphasis on its surgical applications.

Dose-response study of metoclopramide in gastroesophageal reflux in infancy.

Twenty-four infants, 1 to 18 months-old, who were referred to four centers for suspected gastroesophageal reflux and whose esophageal pH after a standard formula meal given at 9 to 10 am (Ho-day 1) fulfilled the criterion of being < 4 for more than 5% of the time between H1 and H6, entered a double-blind placebo-controlled dose-response trial of metoclopramide (M). Twenty-four hours later (day 2), patients were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or a single 0.1, 0.

[Antipyretic effect of tiaprofenic acid in children. Comparative study with paracetamol].

The authors report the results of a randomised, multi-centric study comparing the antipyretic activity of tiaprofenic acid to that of acetaminophen. Seventy nine children of both sexes, aged 8 months to 9 years, having an average temperature at inclusion of 38.5 degrees C (+/- 0.

[Liddle syndrome (or pseudo-hyperaldosteronism). Long-term development and erythrocyte potassium flow study in 4 cases].

Background: Liddle's syndrome (or pseudoprimary aldosteronism) is a rare hereditary disease; only 18 cases have been reported since 1963. Its cause remains unclear, but one of its features is increased cell membrane permeability to ions.

Patients And Methods: A diagnosis of Liddle's syndrome was made in 4 new cases, all female, two of them sisters (cases n0 3 and 4), at the ages of 2, 12, 5 and 4 years.

Cystic fibrosis arthritis. A report of five cases.

In a retrospective study of 206 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), five cases of CF arthritis were recorded. This is a frequency of 2.5% and of 4.

Contribution of imaging to the understanding of the female pelvic fasciae.

According to the ultrasound and MRI findings, supported by planned dissections, the female perineum is organised around the musculofascial system converging towards the fibrous structure of the central perineal tendon (CPT). Behind the CPT the fascial layers form part of a fibrous assembly extending from the ventral surface of the sacrum to the anal complex, prolonging the direction of the sacral concavity downwards and forwards. On the other hand, in front of the CPT the fasciae fuse to form two aponeurotic bands circumscribing the urogenital fossa.

Mechanisms of orientation of the pelvifemoral base during static loading of the lumbar spine in weight-lifters.

Under static loading during weight-lifting, the lumbosacral spine essentially exhibits horizontalisation of the base of the sacrum (superior plateau of S1). We have attempted to elicit the mechanism of this horizontalisation by means of radiographs. These do not demonstrate any movements of the sacroiliac joints or plasticity of the hip bones.