Publications by authors named "Guillien A"
Background: Viral infections in childhood, especially to rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), are associated with asthma inception and exacerbation. However, little is known about the role of RV- and RSV-specific antibodies in childhood versus adult asthma.
Objective: We sought to investigate associations between RV- and RSV-specific IgG levels and asthma phenotypes in children and adults.
Introduction: Exposure to respiratory viruses is a significant cause of morbidity and affects virus-specific antibody levels. Little is known about determinants associated with immune response to these viruses. We aimed to investigate the determinants of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)- and rhinovirus (RV)- specific IgG responses in both children and adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Previous studies identified some environmental and lifestyle factors independently associated with children respiratory health, but few focused on exposure mixture effects. This study aimed at identifying, in pregnancy and in childhood, combined urban and lifestyle environment profiles associated with respiratory health in children.
Methods: This study is based on the European Human Early-Life Exposome (HELIX) project, combining six birth cohorts.
Article Synopsis
- Forced vital capacity (FVC) and lung transfer of carbon monoxide (TLCO) are both important tests for measuring how bad a lung disease called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is, but TLCO is better at showing the disease's severity.
- * In a study of 430 IPF patients, many with "normal" FVC actually had "abnormal" TLCO, meaning FVC alone might not tell the whole story about lung health.
- * The research found that most patients with a decline in TLCO also had a decline in FVC, but the opposite was not true, suggesting TLCO should be given more attention in monitoring IPF.
Purpose: The main objective of this study was to identify risk factors for post-percutaneous transthoracic lung biopsy (PTLB) pneumothorax and to establish and validate a predictive score for pneumothorax occurrence to identify patients eligible for outpatient care.
Material And Methods: Patients who underwent PTLB between November 1, 2012 and March 1, 2017 were retrospectively evaluated for clinical and radiologic factors potentially related to pneumothorax occurrence. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors, and the model coefficient for each factor was used to compute a score.
Article Synopsis
- Early-life environmental exposures may contribute to chronic diseases, prompting this study to investigate a comprehensive health score for children linked to a variety of prenatal and postnatal factors.
- Analyzed data from 870 children across six European cohorts, assessing 53 prenatal and 105 childhood environmental factors using a health score based on cardiometabolic, respiratory/allergy, and mental health parameters.
- Findings revealed a lower health score related to maternal smoking and certain pollutants, while higher scores linked to exposure to greenspaces, pets, and healthier lifestyles, highlighting complex relationships between environment and children’s health.
Objective: To determine whether changes in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and changes in pulmonary artery compliance ( ) are associated with changes in exercise capacity assessed either by changes in peak oxygen consumption (' ) or by changes in 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) undergoing balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA).
Methods: Invasive haemodynamic parameters, peak ' and 6MWD were measured within 24 h, before and after BPA (interval 3.1±2.
Although previous studies in environmental epidemiology focused on single or a few exposures, a holistic approach combining multiple preventable risk factors is needed to tackle the etiology of multifactorial diseases such as asthma. To investigate the association between combined socioeconomic, external environment, early-life environment, and lifestyle-anthropometric factors and asthma phenotypes. A total of 20,833 adults from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort were included (mean age, 56.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In patients undergoing balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), single-centre series from expert centres have recognized a learning curve for the magnitude of haemodynamic benefits.
Objective: To report our 7-year experience with BPA, focusing on haemodynamic effects, complication rates and radiation exposure over time.
Methods: Patients with CTEPH who were treated with BPA between May 2013 and February 2020 were analysed during the 'initial period' versus the 'recent period' (split date: March 2017).
Excessive ventilation (V̇E) during exercise, ascribed to heightened neural ventilatory drive and/or to increased "wasted" ventilation, is a feature of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). In selected CTEPH patients, balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) allows near-normalization of resting haemodynamic parameters but does not allow excess exercise hyperventilation to normalize. Neural ventilatory drive can be estimated by studying how arterial PCO (PaCO), end-tidal PCO (PETCO), V̇E and CO output (V̇CO) change across the exercise-to-recovery transition during a cardiopulmonary exercise test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShort- and Mid-Term Outcomes of Endovascular Stenting for the Treatment of Post-Thrombotic Syndrome due to Iliofemoral and Caval Occlusive Disease: A Multi-Centric Study from the French Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiovascular Imaging (SFICV).
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol
February 2022
Purpose: To assess the results of endovascular treatment in a large population of patients suffering from post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) due to iliocaval occlusive disease.
Methods: In this retrospective multi-center study, 698 patients treated by stenting for PTS in 15 French centers were analyzed. Primary, primary assisted, and secondary patency rates were assessed, and clinical efficacy was evaluated using Villalta and Chronic Venous Insufficiency Questionnaire in 20 questions (CIVIQ-20) scores.
Background: Excessive ventilation (V̇E) and abnormal gas exchange during exercise are features of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). In selected CTEPH patients, balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) improves symptoms and exercise capacity. How BPA affects exercise hyperventilation and gas exchange is poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), some physiological parameters measured during a 6-min walk test (6-MWT) impart reliable prognostic information. Sit-to-stand tests (STSTs) are field exercise tests that are easier to implement than the 6-MWT in daily practice.
Objectives: The aims of the study were to test the reproducibility and compare 2 STSTs (the 1-min STST [1-STST] and the semi-paced 3-min chair rise test [3-CRT]) in IPF, and to determine if selected physiological parameters (speed of displacement and changes in pulse oxygen saturation [SpO2]) are interchangeable between the STSTs and the 6-MWT.
Background: Allergy, the most frequent immune disorder affecting 30% of the world's population, is the consequence of immunoglobin E (IgE) sensitization to allergens. Among the genetic factors suspected to be involved in allergy, the HLA class-II genomic region is a strong candidate.
Objective: To assess the association between HLA class-II alleles and specific IgE (sIgE) sensitization to a large number of respiratory allergen molecules.
The Exposome Approach to Decipher the Role of Multiple Environmental and Lifestyle Determinants in Asthma.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
January 2021
Asthma is a widespread respiratory disease caused by complex contribution from genetic, environmental and behavioral factors. For several decades, its sensitivity to environmental factors has been investigated in single exposure (or single family of exposures) studies, which might be a narrow approach to tackle the etiology of such a complex multifactorial disease. The emergence of the exposome concept, introduced by C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in cases of chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure. Following a prolonged debate, the indication and benefits of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) have been recently established. Although improved ventilation and reduction in hyperinflation appear to underlie the positive effect on NIV in COPD, only a few studies have focused on specific ventilatory algorithms for improving PaCO2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Environmental research on multifactorial health outcomes calls for exposome approaches able to assess the joint effect of multiple exposures.
Objective: Our aim was to identify profiles of exposure to lifestyle/environmental factors associated with lung function in adults with asthma using a cluster-based approach.
Methods: We used data from 599 adults of the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopy (EGEA) (mean age 39.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in never-smokers exposed to organic dusts is still poorly characterized. Therapeutic strategies in COPD are only evaluated in smoking-related COPD. Understanding how never-smokers with COPD behave during exercise is an important prerequisite for optimal management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in dairy farmers, comparing them with non-farmers who also have COPD.
- - Out of 4788 participants screened, 101 dairy farmers with COPD (DF-COPD) and 85 non-farmers with COPD (NF-COPD) were analyzed, revealing that dairy farmers had better lung function and quality of life than non-farmers, despite lower tobacco usage.
- - The findings suggested that COPD in dairy farmers is linked more to individual health factors than occupational dust exposure, indicating that COPD from organic dust (like that found in farming) may be less severe than that caused by smoking.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates comorbidities in patients with COPD, focusing on those exposed to organic dust (like dairy farmers) and tobacco smoking.
- The research finds that, regardless of exposure, patients with COPD do not have a higher frequency of cardiovascular issues compared to non-COPD individuals.
- Tobacco smoking is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidities, while exposure to organic dust appears to lower that risk, emphasizing the importance of managing cardiovascular health in COPD patients.
Introduction: Proper diagnosis of COPD remains a challenge. Spirometry testing in primary care may help to reduce misdiagnosis, but its reliability as a diagnostic instrument needs to be assessed.
Objectives: To investigate (1) the validity of spirometry testing performed in primary care and (2) the accuracy of the diagnostic of airflow limitation obtained by these tests.
Article Synopsis
- COPD is linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, but the reasons for this connection are not completely understood.
- This study aimed to measure systemic arterial stiffness in mild to moderate COPD patients and see how factors like tobacco smoking and organic dust exposure influence it.
- Results showed that patients with COPD had higher arterial stiffness compared to healthy controls when exposed to tobacco smoke, but not with organic dust alone, indicating that tobacco smoking is a significant risk factor for arterial stiffness in COPD patients.