Gender, Race, and Ethnicity of US Academic Ophthalmology Faculty and Department Chairs From 1966 to 2021.

Importance: Workforce diversity is integral to optimal function within health care teams.

Objective: To analyze gender, race, and ethnicity trends in rank and leadership among US full-time academic ophthalmology faculty and department chairs between 1966 and 2021.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included full-time US academic ophthalmology faculty and department chairs registered in the Association of American Medical Colleges.

Diversity in enrollment to clinical trials for cataract medicine and surgery: meta-analysis.

Purpose: To investigate sex, racial, and ethnic disparities in patient enrollment across cataract trials registered in the United States.

Setting: Participants enrolled in high-quality (reduced risk of bias), U.S.

Classic lattice corneal dystrophy: a brief review and summary of treatment modalities.

Purpose: To provide a brief summary and comparison of the most recent literature on available and theorized treatment modalities for classic lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD). This paper aims to support practitioners in their management of this disease.

Methods: A search was carried out on available literature through PubMed and Google Scholar of English language articles up to January 2023 that relate to the treatment of LCD.

Three-Year Outcomes of Under-flap Stromal Bed CXL for Early Post-LASIK Ectasia.

Purpose: To investigate the 36-month clinical outcomes of under-flap stromal bed CXL (ufCXL) and report on its ability to stabilize post-laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) ectasia.

Methods: This case series included 20 eyes with diagnosed early post-LASIK ectasia treated with ufCXL. Inclusion criteria were early, mild post-LASIK ectasia, defined as new-onset postoperative manifest refraction cylinder of 1.

Canadian demand and access to corneal transplantation: a provincial comparison.

To gather information from stakeholders involved in corneal donation and transplantation to inform discussion at the "National Consensus Forum on Improving Cornea Donation and Transplantation Access in Canada" held in February 2020, survey questions were posed to eye banks, transplanting ophthalmologists and organ donation organizations across Canada to learn more about demand, wait times, and access to tissue for transplant. The survey response rate was one hundred percent (100%) for eye banks and organ donation organizations while 64 percent (64%) of transplant ophthalmologists provided feedback. A number of opportunities for improvement were identified including: demand forecasting; infrastructure and strategies to align supply with demand; data collection and benchmarking of wait times for assessment and transplant to support consistency, equitability and transparency in access; and national collaboration in the development of a data strategy to accurately measure demand and access to cornea transplants in a consistent manner across all provinces to facilitate equity in access nationally.

Does cataract surgery in patients with concurrent lower lid malposition increase the risk of postoperative endophthalmitis?

Objective: To evaluate the safety of performing cataract surgery prior to eyelid (entropion/ectropion) surgery in patients with concurrent cataract and lower eyelid malposition.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants And Methods: Patients with concurrent lower eyelid malposition and cataract undergoing cataract surgery before lower eyelid repair from 2013 to 2020 were identified from two ophthalmologists (M.

A National Consensus Forum on improving cornea donation and transplantation access in Canada.

A consensus meeting was held in Toronto on February 9-10, 2020 to discuss ways to improve cornea donation and transplantation access in Canada. The meeting brought together eye and tissue bank representatives, health authority and hospital leadership, transplant ophthalmologists, organ donation organizations, transplant recipients, donor families and several national organizations. Through facilitated discussions in multidisciplinary, gender-balanced, and geographically balanced small groups, participants identified opportunities for improvement in the Canadian cornea donation and transplantation system.

Canadian Opinions on Refractive Surgery and Approaches to Presbyopia Correction.

Purpose: To explore the opinions of Canadian ophthalmologists on refractive and presbyopia-correcting surgeries.

Methods: We distributed an online survey to the Canadian Ophthalmological Society members, covering laser refractive surgery (LRS), femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS), lenticular refractive surgery (lenRS) that includes cataract refractive surgery (CRS) with premium intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and presbyopia correction.

Results: There were 68 (7.

Combined Phototherapeutic Keratectomy, Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation, and Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in Keratoconus Management.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, and safety of combined corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL), intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation, and superficial phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) in patients with keratoconus.

Methods: Fifty-five eyes received ICRS implantation, followed by CXL and PTK combination treatment. Patients were followed up for 6 months.

Intraoperative outcomes and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: Canadian perspective.

Objective: To report the intraoperative surgical outcomes and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) during surgeon learning curve and compare those outcomes with those of conventional phacoemulsification in a Canadian public hospital setting.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Participants: FLACS and phacoemulsification patients at Brandon Regional Health Centre, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada.

Femto-second laser (FSL) techniques and consistency in corneal surgery: experimental study.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility, effectiveness, and reproducibility of femtosecond laser (FSL) technology in different corneal cuts.

Design: Experimental study at the Brandon Regional Health Centre.

Participants: Twenty two Human Cadaver eyes donated for research and supplied by the eye bank of Manitoba university.

Validity and Reliability of a Novel Handheld Osmolarity System for Measurement of a National Institute of Standards Traceable Solution.

Purpose: To evaluate the validity and reliability of a novel handheld osmolarity system (I-PEN Osmolarity System; I-MED Pharma Inc, Dollard-des-Ormeaux, Quebec, Canada) for measurement of the osmolarity of a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable solution at a variety of ambient temperatures.

Methods: A total of 65 measurements of an NIST solution with a verified osmolarity of 290 ± 2 mOsmol/L were taken using 3 separate handheld osmolarity systems, 65 unique single-use sensors (SUSs) from 3 different lots, and 2 adaptors. Mean values were calculated using the device, SUS, and adaptor.

Effect of femtosecond laser on efficiency of cataract surgery in public setting.

Objective: To determine the time needed to perform a femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and its effect on the efficiency of cataract surgery flow in a Canadian public health centre.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Participants: Patients who had cataract surgery performed in the first 3 months of femtosecond laser (FSL) technology use were compared with patients who had conventional phacoemulsification in the 3 months before FSL installation at Brandon Regional Health Centre (Brandon, Man.

Randomized, masked, in vitro comparison of three commercially available tear film osmometers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the precision and accuracy of commercially available tear film osmometers.

Methods: Contrived tear solution target values representing the physiological range of tear osmolarity (normal eyes 297 mOsm/L, moderately dry eyes 342 mOsm/L, and severe dry eyes 383 mOsm/L) were constructed using a mix of mono- and divalent electrolytes, metabolites, serum albumin, and pH balanced to 7.4.

The impact of a preloaded intraocular lens delivery system on operating room efficiency in routine cataract surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the operational impact of using preloaded intraocular lens (IOL) delivery systems compared with manually loaded IOL delivery processes during routine cataract surgeries.

Methods: Time and motion data, staff and surgery schedules, and cost accounting reports were collected across three sites located in the US, France, and Canada. Time and motion data were collected for manually loaded IOL processes and preloaded IOL delivery systems over four surgery days.

Antimicrobial effect of cryopreservation on donor ocular tissue.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial effect of cryopreservation on donor globes with a previously positive culture. More specifically, our study aims at determining whether microbial organisms can still be cultured after cryopreservation in previously culture positive donor whole globes.

Methods: This is a prospective quality assurance study of microbiological cultures using donor ocular tissues obtained by the Lions Eye Bank of Manitoba and Northwestern Ontario from January 2009 to January 2010.

Treatment failure and costs in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin and soft tissue infections: a South Texas Ambulatory Research Network (STARNet) study.

Objective: To measure the incidence of treatment failure and associated costs in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs).

Methods: This was a prospective, observational study in 13 primary care clinics. Primary care providers collected clinical data, wound swabs, and 90-day follow-up information.

Comparison of visual and refractive outcomes following Intacs implantation in keratoconus eyes with central and eccentric cones.

Objective: To compare visual and refractive outcomes after Intacs implantation in keratoconus eyes with central and eccentric cones and to validate the current nomogram used to select Intacs size.

Design: Comparative study.

Participants: The charts of 20 patients in a single practice, who had symmetric (15 eyes) or asymmetric (16 eyes) implants, were retrospectively reviewed.

Light-adjustable intraocular lens in post-LASIK and post-traumatic cataract patient.

The case illustrates the use of a light-adjustable intraocular lens (IOL) in a patient who had had refractive surgery and developed blunt trauma with resultant flap damage and traumatic cataract. Consistent with early reports of the light adjustable IOL, which show positive results in non-LASIK eyes, this case suggests that the light-adjustable IOL may have similar benefits in the post-LASIK eye and other complex situations.