A Contemporary Picture of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Endocarditis: A Nationwide GAMES Cohort Study.

Background: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are an increasingly common cause of infective endocarditis (IE) and lack recent data from large studies.

Objectives: Our aim was to describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of staphylococcal IE in a contemporary nationwide cohort study, while comparing coagulase-negative staphylococcal IE (CoNSIE) to IE from Staphylococcus aureus (SAIE), and among IE caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE), S. lugdunensis (SL), and other CoNS.

Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Mycotic Aneurysm in Patients With Infective Endocarditis and the Impact of its Rupture in Outcomes. Analysis of a National Prospective Cohort.

Background: Several aspects of the occurrence and management of mycotic aneurysm (MA) in patients with infective endocarditis (IE) have not been studied.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and factors associated with MA presence and rupture and to assess the evolution of those initially unruptured MA.

Methods: Prospective multicenter cohort including all patients with definite IE between January 2008 and December 2020.

Clinical presentation, microbiology, and prognostic factors of prosthetic valve endocarditis. Lessons learned from a large prospective registry.

Background: Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a serious infection associated with high mortality that often requires surgical treatment.

Methods: Study on clinical characteristics and prognosis of a large contemporary prospective cohort of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) that included patients diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2020. Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with in-hospital mortality was performed.

Mural Endocarditis: The GAMES Registry Series and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Mural infective endocarditis (MIE) is a rare type of endovascular infection. We present a comprehensive series of patients with mural endocarditis.

Methods: Patients with infectious endocarditis (IE) from 35 Spanish hospitals were prospectively included in the GAMES registry between 2008 and 2017.

Analysis of sex differences in the clinical presentation, management and prognosis of infective endocarditis in Spain.

Introduction: Sex-dependent differences of infective endocarditis (IE) have been reported. Women suffer from IE less frequently than men and tend to present more severe manifestations. Our objective was to analyse the sex-based differences of IE in the clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis.

Non-HACEK gram negative bacilli endocarditis: Analysis of a national prospective cohort.

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) due to non-HACEK bacilli (Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, or Kingella) is uncommon and poorly described. The objectives of this study were to describe non-HACEK Gram-Negative Bacilli (GNB) IE cases and compare characteristic of IE produced by Enterobacterales and non-fermenting (NF) GNB.

Methods: From January 2008 to December 2018, 3910 consecutive patients with definitive IE diagnosis, defined with Modified Duke criteria, either clinical or pathological criteria (e.

Clinical Factors Associated with Reinfection versus Relapse in Infective Endocarditis: Prospective Cohort Study.

We aimed to identify clinical factors associated with recurrent infective endocarditis (IE) episodes. The clinical characteristics of 2816 consecutive patients with definite IE (January 2008-2018) were compared according to the development of a second episode of IE. A total of 2152 out of 2282 (94.

Prevalence of Colorectal Neoplasms Among Patients With Enterococcus faecalis Endocarditis in the GAMES Cohort (2008-2017).

Objective: To investigate the rate of colorectal neoplasms (CRNs) in patients who have Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis (EFIE) with available colonoscopies and to assess whether this is associated with the identification of a focus the infection.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from a prospective multicenter study involving 35 centers who are members of the Grupo de Apoyo para el Manejo de la Endocarditis en España [Support Group for the Management of Infective Endocarditis in Spain] cohort. A specific set of queries regarding information on colonoscopy and histopathology of colorectal diseases was sent to each participating center.

Four weeks versus six weeks of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in Enterococcus faecalis native valve endocarditis: A prospective cohort study.

Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis (EFIE) is a severe disease of increasing incidence. The objective was to analyze whether the outcome of patients with native valve EFIE (NVEFIE) treated with a short course of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone (4wAC) was similar to patients treated according to international guidelines (6wAC). Between January 2008 and June 2018, 1,978 consecutive patients with definite native valve IE were prospectively included in a national registry.

Quasiexperimental intervention study protocol to optimise the use of new antibiotics in Spain: the NEW_SAFE project.

Introduction: Ceftaroline, tedizolid, dalbavancin, ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam are novel antibiotics used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens (MDR). Their use should be supervised and monitored as part of an antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP). Appropriate use of the new antibiotics will be improved by including consensual indications for their use in local antibiotic guidelines, together with educational interventions providing advice to prescribers to ensure that the recommendations are clearly understood.

A Contemporary Picture of Enterococcal Endocarditis.

Background: Enterococcal endocarditis (EE) is a growing entity in Western countries. However, quality data from large studies is lacking.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and analyze the prognostic factors of EE in the GAMES cohort.

Prognostic assessment of valvular surgery in active infective endocarditis: multicentric nationwide validation of a new score developed from a meta-analysis.

Objectives: Several risk prediction models have been developed to estimate the risk of mortality after valve surgery for active infective endocarditis (IE), but few external validations have been conducted to assess their accuracy. We previously developed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of IE-specific factors for the in-hospital mortality rate after IE valve surgery, whose obtained pooled estimations were the basis for the development of a new score (APORTEI). The aim of the present study was to assess its prognostic accuracy in a nationwide cohort.

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.

Doppler Resistivity and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Hemodynamic Structural Correlation and Usefulness for the Etiological Classification of Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Introduction And Goal: Lacunar stroke is defined as an <1.5 cm diameter infarct located in the territory of a perforating artery, that is not accessible for direct study using conventional imaging techniques. Diagnosis requires exclusion of other causes.

Hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virological response with interferon-free regimens in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients.

Objective: To assess the possible association between the use of direct antiviral agents (DAA) and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients.

Methods: The GEHEP-002 cohort recruits HCC cases in HIV-infected patients from 32 centers from Spain. Three analyses were performed: the proportion of HCC cases after sustained virological response (SVR) and the evolution of this proportion over time, the frequency of HCC after SVR in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with cirrhosis, and the probability of HCC recurrence after curative therapies among those undergoing HCV therapy.

Liver stiffness predicts variceal bleeding in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with compensated cirrhosis.

Background: A liver stiffness below 21 kPa has a high negative predictive value to exclude the presence of esophageal varices at risk of bleeding in HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients. Consequently, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) for the screening of esophageal varices could be avoided in these patients. However, this strategy has not been widely accepted due to concerns about its safety.

No evidence of firstly acquired acute hepatitis C virus infection outbreak among HIV-infected patients from Southern Spain: a multicentric retrospective study from 2000-2014.

Background: Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (AHCVI) outbreaks have been described recently within defined areas worldwide among HIV-infected homosexual men. This study aims to describe the cumulative frequency and incidence of firstly acquired AHCVI in an HIV-infected population in Southern Spain.

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at the Infectious Diseases Units of eight hospitals in Andalusia, Southern Spain.

Effectiveness of Ritonavir-Boosted Protease Inhibitor Monotherapy in Clinical Practice Even with Previous Virological Failures to Protease Inhibitor-Based Regimens.

Background And Objective: Significant controversy still exists about ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor monotherapy (mtPI/rtv) as a simplification strategy that is used up to now to treat patients that have not experienced previous virological failure (VF) while on protease inhibitor (PI) -based regimens. We have evaluated the effectiveness of two mtPI/rtv regimens in an actual clinical practice setting, including patients that had experienced previous VF with PI-based regimens.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 1060 HIV-infected patients with undetectable viremia that were switched to lopinavir/ritonavir or darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy.

Low Efficacy of Pegylated Interferon plus Ribavirin plus Nitazoxanide for HCV Genotype 4 and HIV Coinfection.

Background: Nitazoxanide (NTZ) plus pegylated interferon and ribavirin (Peg-IFN/RBV) improved the sustained virological response (SVR) achieved with Peg-IFN/RBV in hepatitis C virus genotype 4 (HCV-4)-monoinfected patients. There are no data currently on the efficacy of Peg-IFN/RBV plus NTZ for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV-4 coinfection. Therefore, the objectives of this clinical trial were to assess the efficacy and to evaluate the safety of Peg-IFN/RBV plus NTZ in HIV/HCV-4-coinfected patients.