Phase Angle (PhA) Is an Easy and Complementary Tool for Assessing Nutritional Status in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Accumulating evidence has proposed phase angle (PhA) as a marker for assessing cellular integrity and nutritional status in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients; the aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of PhA in assessing nutritional status in patients with UC, investigating its potential as a biomarker of disease activity.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with UC and healthy controls. We determined PhA by electrical bioimpedance and categorized participants through bioelectrical impedance analysis.

A scoping review of the methods used in patients with liver cirrhosis to assess body composition and their nutritional findings.

Background And Objectives: Body composition (BC) assessment in cirrhosis has a wide variety of methods with no consensus on the best tools for each body component in patients with Liver Cirrhosis (LC). We aimed to conduct a systematic scoping review of the most frequent body composition analysis methods and nutritional findings published in liver cirrhosis patients.

Methods: We searched for articles in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases.

[Adaptation in Spanish and validation in Mexico of the Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP].

Background: pediatric malnutrition is one of the main causes of complications in hospitalized children. Nutritional screening at admission is essential. The Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP) is a simple, reproducible and easy-to-interpret tool, but it is not validated in Mexico.

Use of Fluoxetine to Reduce Weight in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: Abridged Republication of the Cochrane Systematic Review.

Introduction: Using fluoxetine is one of many weight loss strategies. A serotonin reuptake inhibitor indicated for depression believed to impact weight control by changing an individual's appetite; however, its benefit-risk ratio is unclear. The aim of this review was to assess the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in reducing weight in adults with overweight or obesity.

Is a Non-Caloric Sweetener-Free Diet Good to Treat Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder Symptoms? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: A diet containing non-caloric sweeteners (NCS) could reduce calorie intake; conversely, some animal studies suggest that NCS consumption may increase functional gastrointestinal disorder symptoms (FGDs). This study aimed to compare the effect of consuming a diet containing NCS (c-NCS) versus a non-caloric sweetener-free diet (NCS-f) on FGDs. Methods: We conducted a randomized, controlled, parallel-group study using two different diets for five weeks: the c-NCS diet contained 50−100 mg/day NCS, whereas the NCS-f diet had less than 10 mg/day NCS.

Quantitative systematic review: Methods used for the in vivo measurement of body composition in pregnancy.

Aims: Because of the increased overall prevalence of pre-pregnancy obesity among racial-ethnic groups, we conducted a review of published methods for body composition measurement during pregnancy considering at present there is no consensus on the best practices and type of study design that researchers should use for this purpose.

Design: Quantitative systematic review.

Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Virtual Library of Health.

Baseline characteristics of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with teriparatide in a real-world setting in Latin America: a subregional analysis from the Asia and Latin America Fracture Observational Study (ALAFOS).

Background: Osteoporosis is a major healthcare concern in Latin America. Factors such as changing demographics, fragmented healthcare systems, and financial considerations may result in a huge increase in the burden of osteoporosis in this region. The aim of this article is to describe the baseline clinical characteristics and fracture history of patients who are prescribed teriparatide in normal clinical practice in Latin America.

Serum levels of interleukin-1 beta associate better with severity of simple steatosis than liver function tests in morbidly obese patients.

Background: In high-fat diet-fed mice, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) has been shown to play a key role in hepatic steatosis. However, it remains unknown whether IL-1 beta could be associated with different grades of steatosis in obese humans.

Materials And Methods: Morbidly obese patients ( = 124) aged 18-65 years were divided into four groups: no steatosis (controls), mild steatosis, moderate steatosis, and severe steatosis using abdominal ultrasound.

Basic principles of mathematical growth modeling applied to high-grade gliomas: A brief clinical review for clinicians.

The battle against cancer has intensified in the last decade. New experimental techniques and theoretical models have been been proposed to understand the behavior, growth, and evolution of different types of brain tumors. Unfortunately, for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), except for methylation of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter that has some benefit in the local control of tumors using alkylating agents such as temozolomide, to date personalized treatments do not exist.

[Inicio del tratamiento farmacológico de la tuberculosis].

The appearance of new anti-tuberculosis drugs such as bedaquiline and delamanid makes it impossible not to remember that the first strictly controlled medical trials of tuberculosis treatment were published in two rigorously researched outstanding articles that can be qualified as historical. In 1948, streptomycin was formally studied as an efficacious anti-tuberculosis drug. In 1952, another trial compared streptomycin-paramino salicylic acid with isoniazid, by means of which the first bases of pharmacological tuberculosis treatment were established.

Infliximab ameliorates tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced insulin resistance by attenuating PTP1B activation in 3T3L1 adipocytes in vitro.

Insulin resistance is the inability to respond to insulin and is considered a key pathophysiological factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can directly contribute to insulin resistance by disrupting the insulin signalling pathway via protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activation, especially in adipocytes. Infliximab (Remicade ) is a TNF-alpha-neutralizing antibody that has not been fully studied in insulin resistance.

Effect of metformin on the survival of patients with ALL who express high levels of the ABCB1 drug resistance gene.

Background: In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), high ABCB1 gene expression has been associated with treatment resistance, which affects patient prognosis. Many preclinical reports and retrospective population studies have shown an anti-cancer effect of metformin. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of metformin on the treatment regimen in patients with ALL who exhibited high levels of ABCB1 gene expression and to determine its impact on overall survival.

High-Density Lipoprotein Reduction Differentially Modulates to Classical and Nonclassical Monocyte Subpopulations in Metabolic Syndrome Patients and in LPS-Stimulated Primary Human Monocytes .

The effect of metabolic syndrome on human monocyte subpopulations has not yet been studied. Our main goal was to examine monocyte subpopulations in metabolic syndrome patients, while also identifying the risk factors that could directly influence these cells. Eighty-six subjects were divided into metabolic syndrome patients and controls.

Serum Levels of Interleukin-13 Increase in Subjects with Insulin Resistance but Do Not Correlate with Markers of Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation.

Experimental evidence in mice suggests a role for interleukin- (IL-) 13 in insulin resistance and low-grade systemic inflammation. However, IL-13 serum levels have not been assessed in subjects with insulin resistance, and associations of IL-13 with parameters of low-grade systemic inflammation are still unknown. Our main goal was to examine the systemic levels of IL-13 in patients with insulin resistance, while also studying the relationship of IL-13 with anthropometric, metabolic, and low-grade systemic inflammatory markers.

[The counseling of nursing decreases symptomatology and relapses in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis].

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is considered to be a public health problem, therefore it is essential to test health education strategies such as nursing counseling (NC) aimed at population groups such as children with allergic rhinitis and their tutors. This study aimed to measure the health benefits of children with this disease for a year.

Methods: Longitudinal, randomized, comparative study with a sample of 100 pediatric patients of both sexes, aged 6 to 12 years, with diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, with counseling (study group) and without counseling (control group).