[The long and winding road of the clinical pharmacy in Chile].

Clinical pharmacy is a health discipline in which pharmacists provide patient care that optimizes rational medication use and promotes health, wellness and disease prevention. The beginnings of clinical pharmacy in Chile were inspired by the origin in the School of Pharmacy of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), in the mid-1960s. However, the historical development in our country, both in teaching and in the professional field, was accompanied by difficulties and success, which became a long and winding road.

The role of bioimpedance analysis in overweight and obese patients with acute heart failure: a pilot study.

Aims: Residual congestion at the time of hospital discharge is an important readmission risk factor, and its detection with physical examination and usual diagnostic techniques have strong limitations in overweight and obese patients. New tools like bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) could help to determine when euvolaemia is reached. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of BIA in management of heart failure (HF) in overweight and obese patients.

IgA nephropathy: an overview of drug treatments in clinical trials.

Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the commonest primary glomerulonephritis worldwide and may progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) within a 10-20 year period. Its slowly progressive course has made clinical trials challenging to perform, however the acceptance of proteinuria reduction as a surrogate end point has significantly improved the feasibility of conducting clinical trials in IgAN, with several novel and repurposed therapies currently undergoing assessment. Already, interim results are demonstrating value to some of these, offering great hope to those with IgAN.

Ultrafiltration rate adjusted to body weight and mortality in hemodialysis patients.

Background And Aims: Mortality among hemodialysis patients remains high. An elevated ultrafiltration rate adjusted by weight (UFR/W) has been associated with hypotension and higher risk of death and/or cardiovascular events.

Methods: We evaluated the association between UFR/W and mortality in 215 hemodialysis patients.

The dirty little secret of urate-lowering therapy: useless to stop chronic kidney disease progression and may increase mortality.

Hyperuricaemia is frequent in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Observational studies have shown an association with adverse outcomes and acquired hyperuricaemia (meaning serum urate levels as low as 1.0 mg/dL) in animal models induces kidney injury.

Specific gel-cream as adjuvant to oral isotretinoin improved hydration and prevented TEWL increase--a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Hydrating and emollient products are often recommended to patients under isotretinoin therapy to control the most frequent mucocutaneous side effects and to improve adherence to treatment.

Aims: To assess, using noninvasive biophysical tests, the clinical and instrumental effectiveness of a hydrating gel-cream compared with placebo as an adjuvant to isotretinoin for treatment of facial skin in patients with inflammatory acne.

Methods: Prospective, double-blind, randomized study, using MULTI SKIN MC750, on the adjuvant effect of a hydrating gel-cream for acne (active product) vs.

Cytotoxicity and trypanocidal activity of nifurtimox encapsulated in ethylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles.

The aim of the present study was to study the trypanocidal activity of nanoparticles loaded with nifurtimox in comparison with the free drug against Trypanosoma cruzi, responsible for Chagas' disease. Ethylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles acted as the delivery system into cells. As the obligate replicative intracellular form is amastigote, in vitro studies were performed on this form of parasite as well as on cell culture derived trypomastigotes.