Complete Transurethral Resection before Radical Cystectomy May Improve Oncological Outcomes.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of complete transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBTs) before radical cystectomy on pathological and oncological outcomes of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and high-risk non-MIBC.

Materials And Methods: The charts of all patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in 2 academic departments of urology between 1996 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the completeness of the last endoscopic resection before radical cystectomy: macroscopically complete transurethral resection (complete) or macroscopically incomplete transurethral resection (incomplete).

[Safety and feasibility of outpatient flexible ureteroscopy for urinary stones: A retrospective single-center study].

Aim: Management of urolithiasis has changed over the past decades. Outpatient surgery has become a major issue for healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of outpatient flexible ureteroscopy.

[Oncologic and perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted radical cystectomy: A single-center prospective series].

Introduction: The aim of this study was to report perioperative and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) in a single-center series and to evaluate the impact of the experience on perioperative outcomes.

Methods: Between March 2012 and January 2016, 41 patients underwent RARC associated with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. All RARC included were performed by a single-surgeon in one center.

Role of routine computed tomography scan in the oncological follow up of patients treated by radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Objectives: To assess the impact of a prolonged follow-up schedule using computed tomography scan on oncological outcomes after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study was carried out. All patients who underwent a radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between 1992 and 2012 were included.

Paracetamol, aspirin and indomethacin display endocrine disrupting properties in the adult human testis in vitro.

Study Question: Do mild analgesics affect the endocrine system of the human adult testis?

Summary Answer: Mild analgesics induce multiple endocrine disturbances in the human adult testis in vitro.

What Is Known Already: Mild analgesics have recently been incriminated as potential endocrine disruptors. Studies of the effects of these widely used molecules on the androgenic status of men are limited and somewhat contradictory.

Expression screening of cancer/testis genes in prostate cancer identifies NR6A1 as a novel marker of disease progression and aggressiveness.

Background: Cancer/Testis (CT) genes are expressed in male gonads, repressed in most healthy somatic tissues and de-repressed in various somatic malignancies including prostate cancers (PCa). Because of their specific expression signature and their associations with tumor aggressiveness and poor outcomes, CT genes are considered to be useful biomarkers and they are also targets for the development of new anti-cancer immunotherapies. The aim of this study was to identify novel CT genes associated with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC), and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Human testis steroidogenesis is inhibited by phthalates.

Background: Phthalic acid esters are widely used in the manufacture of plastics. Numerous studies have shown that these phthalates impair testicular testosterone production in the rat. However, the scarce and contradictory data concerning humans have cast doubt over whether these compounds are also anti-androgenic in man.

Bacterial hypermutation: clinical implications.

Heritable hypermutation in bacteria is mainly due to alterations in the methyl-directed mismatch repair (MMR) system. MMR-deficient strains have been described from several bacterial species, and all of the strains exhibit increased mutation frequency and recombination, which are important mechanisms for acquired drug resistance in bacteria. Antibiotics select for drug-resistant strains and refine resistance determinants on plasmids, thus stimulating DNA recombination via the MMR system.

[Renal LESS surgery: Slight modification or surgical revolution?].

Objective: to present our initial experience of laparoendoscopic single site (LESS) renal surgery.

Methods: between May 2009 and March 2010, nine nephrectomies and one cyst decortication were performed in nine patients. Eight of the procedures were done with three 5mm trocars inserted through a unique peri-umbilical incision.

Tamsulosin hydrochloride vs placebo for management of distal ureteral stones: a multicentric, randomized, double-blind trial.

Background: α-Blockers induce selective relaxation of ureteral smooth muscle with subsequent inhibition of ureteral spasms and dilatation of the ureteral lumen. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the α-blocker tamsulosin hydrochloride in patients with ureteral colic owing to a distal ureteral stone.

Methods: This was a multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study.

[Study of the expression of Aurora kinases in renal cell carcinoma].

Objectives: The Aurora kinase family plays a crucial role in the regulation of mitosis. Over-expression of Aurora A and B has been reported in many malignant tumors. The objective of this study was to analyze the expression of Aurora A and B in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its correlation with usual clinical and pathological parameters.

[Impact of low-dose CT in the diagnosis and treatment of renal colic in emergency department].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance and the benefit in terms of management of low-dose CT for the imaging assessment of renal colic (CN) emergencies.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred and ninety-one patients admitted to emergency for CN were included in this study. Eighty-seven had a low-dose CT and 40 an ASP and an ultrasound (ASPE).

[Optical spectroscopy: a new approach to assess urological tumors].

Introduction: Optical spectroscopy refers to a group of novel technologies that uses interaction of light with tissues to analyze their structure and chemical composition. The objective of this article is to describe these technologies and detail their potential for assessing urological tumors.

Material And Methods: It has been shown that optical spectroscopy can accurately analyse multiple solid tumors.

Raman spectroscopy: a novel experimental approach to evaluating renal tumours.

Background: New optical techniques of spectroscopy have shown promising results in the evaluation of solid tumours.

Objective: To evaluate the potential of Raman spectroscopy (RS) to assess renal tumours at surgery.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Over a 5-mo period, Raman optical spectra were prospectively acquired on surgical renal specimens removed due to suspicion of cancer.

[Prognostic value of erythrocyte polyamines levels in renal cell carcinoma. Prospective study in 418 cases].

Objectives: Polyamines: Spermine (Spm) and Spermidine (Spmd), are essential for cell proliferation and differentiation. A measurement of erythocytes polyamines (EPA) was developed in our institution. Our objective was to evaluate this marker as a new prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma.

Urinary collecting system invasion is an independent prognostic factor of organ confined renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: We evaluated urinary collecting system invasion as a prognostic parameter of renal cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,124 patients who underwent nephrectomy for a renal tumor at 5 European centers were included in this retrospective study. Several variables were analyzed including urinary collecting system invasion, age, sex, TNM stage, Fuhrman grade, histological subtype, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and cancer specific survival.

Age as only predictive factor for successful sperm recovery in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome.

The study was performed to determine factors affecting successful sperm retrieval by testicular sperm extraction in patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome (KS). From May 2001 to February 2007, 27 azoospermic patients were diagnosed as having nonmosaic KS. All patients underwent sperm testicular extraction.

Prognostic variables to predict cancer-related death in incidental renal tumours.

Objective: To identify, in a large multicentre series of incidental renal tumours, the key factors that could predict cancer-related deaths, as such tumours have a better outcome than symptomatic tumours and selected patients are increasingly being included in watchful-waiting protocols.

Patients And Methods: Data from 3912 patients were extracted from three international kidney-cancer databases. Age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), Tumour-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage, tumour size, Fuhrman grade, and final pathology were recorded.

[Combined liver-kidney transplantation: indications and results].

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to report our experience concerning the indications and results for combined liver-kidney transplantation in our centre.

Material And Method: From July 1991 to October 2006, 26 patients underwent combined liver-kidney transplantation in our establishment. This group comprised 16 men and 10 women with a mean age of 50.