Handedness, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and bulimic disorders.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) research in psychiatry mostly excludes left-handed participants. We recruited left-handed people with a bulimic disorder and found that stimulation of the left prefrontal cortex may result in different effects in left- and right-handed people. This highlights the importance of handedness and cortex lateralisation for rTMS.

Organocatalysts for the controlled "immortal" ring-opening polymerization of six-membered-ring cyclic carbonates: a metal-free, green process.

Six-membered cyclic carbonates, namely trimethylene carbonate (TMC), 3,3-dimethoxytrimethylene carbonate (DMTMC) and 3-benzyloxytrimethylene carbonate (BTMC), undergo controlled "immortal" ring-opening polymerization (iROP) under mild conditions (bulk, 60-150 °C), by using organocatalysts, including an amine [4-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)], a guanidine [1,5,7-triazabicyclo-[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD)], or a phosphazene [2-tert-butylimino-2-diethylamino-1,3-dimethylperhydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphorine (BEMP)], in the presence of an alcohol [benzyl alcohol (BnOH), 1,3-propanediol (PPD), glycerol (GLY)] that acts as both a co-initiator and a chain-transfer agent.

Is decision making really impaired in eating disorders?

Objective: Decision making has been reported to be reduced in eating disorders. However, studies are sparse and have been carried out in various selected populations. In the current study we arranged to confirm previous observations and to assess the relationship between decision making and dimensions relevant to eating disorders.

Tocilizumab: therapy and safety management.

Objectives: To develop fact sheets about tocilizumab, in order to assist physicians in the management of patients with inflammatory joint disease.

Methods: 1. selection by a committee of rheumatology experts of the main topics of interest for which fact sheets were desirable; 2.

Social disparities in musculoskeletal disorders and associated mental malaise: findings from a population-based survey in France.

Aims: Various types of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have comorbid mental disorders, which may in turn have a negative influence on disease course and role impairment, but the contribution of social factors to this type of comorbidity is a much under-researched area. This study investigates whether there is a socially patterned association of MSDs with different dimensions of mental malaise.

Methods: The sample included 3,368 economically active participants aged 18-64 years, randomly selected from the Lorraine region in north-eastern France.

Metal-catalyzed immortal ring-opening polymerization of lactones, lactides and cyclic carbonates.

This Perspective article summarizes efforts paid in our group to develop efficient metal-based catalysts for the immortal ring-opening polymerization (iROP) of cyclic esters in the presence of large amounts of alcohols (ROH) as chain transfer agents. The catalyst systems reviewed include discrete organometallic complexes based on rare earths, magnesium, calcium and more specifically zinc, as well as simple systems employing metal triflate salts, notably Al(OTf)(3), for the (stereo)controlled iROP of lactide (LA), beta-butyrolactone (BBL) and trimethylenecarbonate (TMC). Special emphasis is given to systems that allow the use of minute amounts of metal catalysts and large loadings of both monomer and alcohol for the rapid and productive formation of functional polyesters (H-Pol-OR) with controlled molecular features.

Awareness of Fabry disease among rheumatologists--current status and perspectives.

Fabry disease is an inherited disorder of lipid metabolism caused by deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A. Burning peripheral pain with triggered crises of excruciating pain and gastrointestinal dysmotility point to Fabry small fiber neuropathy; angiokeratoma, corneal deposits, and hypohidrosis are other common early manifestations. Progressive dysfunction of the kidneys, heart, and/or brain develops in adulthood.

Bis(phosphinimino)methanide borohydride complexes of the rare-earth elements as initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone: combined experimental and computational investigations.

Rare-earth-metal borohydrides are known to be efficient catalysts for the polymerization of apolar and polar monomers. The bis-borohydrides [{CH(PPh2 NSiMe3)2}La(BH4)2(THF)] and [{CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2}Ln(BH4)2] (Ln = Y, Lu) have been synthesized by two different synthetic routes. The lanthanum and the lutetium complexes were prepared from [Ln(BH4)3(THF)3] and K{CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2}, whereas the yttrium analogue was obtained from in situ prepared [{CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2}YCl2]2 and NaBH4.

Improved discrimination between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants for weed control based on the blue-green region of ultraviolet-induced fluorescence spectra.

Precision weeding by spot spraying in real time requires sensors to discriminate between weeds and crop without contact. Among the optical based solutions, the ultraviolet (UV) induced fluorescence of the plants appears as a promising alternative. In a first paper, the feasibility of discriminating between corn hybrids, monocotyledonous, and dicotyledonous weeds was demonstrated on the basis of the complete spectra.

Highly Effective and Green Catalytic Approach Toward α,ω-Dihydroxy-Telechelic Poly(trimethylenecarbonate).

α,ω-Dihydroxy-telechelic poly(trimethylenecarbonate), HO-PTMC-OH, is synthesized from the controlled "immortal" ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of trimethylene carbonate under mild conditions (bulk, 60 °C), using ZnEt(2) or, more efficiently, [(BDI)Zn(N(SiMe(3) )(2) )] (BDI = CH(CMeNC(6) H(3) -2,6-iPr(2) )(2) ) as catalyst precursor, in the presence of a diol HO-R-OH (R = (CH(2) )(2) or CH(2) C(6) H(4) CH(2) ; 0.5-10 equiv. vs Zn) acting both as co-initiator and chain transfer agent.

Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity toward human osteoprogenitor cells of polycaprolactones synthesized from various metallic initiators.

Various poly(epsilon-caprolactone)s (PCLs) prepared by ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone (CL) initiated by a range of metallic derivatives such as alkoxides, Al(OiPr)(3), La(OiPr)(3), Sn(octanoate)(2), Ti(OiPr)(4), Zn[O(CH(2))(3)NH(t)Boc](2), or borohydride La(BH(4))(3)(THF)(3) were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity. The amount of residual metal present in the polymer samples was measured and compared to the initial quantity introduced. The effect of the metallic system on the biocompatibility profiles of the resulting polyesters was evaluated in vitro on PCL films from a series of cytotoxicity tests involving MTT and neutral red assays upon exposure to human osteoprogenitor cells.

Agraphia after awake surgery for brain tumor: new insights into the anatomo-functional network of writing.

Background: Controversy still exists about neural basis underlying writing and its relation with the sites subserving oral language. Our objective is to study functional areas involved in writing network, based on the observations of different postoperative writing disorders in a population of patients without preoperative agraphia.

Methods: We analyzed the postoperative agraphia profiles in 15 patients who underwent surgery for cerebral LGGs in functional language areas, using electrical mapping under local anesthesia.

Somatic markers and explicit knowledge are both involved in decision-making.

In 1994, it was proposed that decision-making requires emotion-related signals, known as somatic markers. In contrast, some authors argued that conscious knowledge of contingencies is sufficient for advantageous decision-making. We aimed to investigate the respective roles of somatic markers and explicit knowledge in decision-making.

Effects of preprocessing of ultraviolet-induced fluorescence spectra in plant fingerprinting applications.

Preprocessing is an important step in data analysis. Dealing with spectral data, normalization is mandatory in order to compare items collected under various conditions. This paper addresses normalization of frontface fluorescence spectroscopy data where spectra are affected by an unknown multiplicative effect.