Impact of the Timing of Antibiotic Administration on Digestive Colonization with Carbapenemase-Producing in a Murine Model.

While antibiotic use is a risk factor of carbapenemase-producing (CPE) acquisition, the importance of timing of antibiotic administration relative to CPE exposure remains unclear. In a murine model of gut colonization by New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)-producing , a single injection of clindamycin within at most 1 week before or after CPE exposure induced colonization persisting up to 100 days. The timing of antibiotic administration relative to CPE exposure may be relevant to infection control and antimicrobial stewardship approaches.

Impact of subglottic secretion drainage on microaspiration in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study.

Background: Microaspiration is a major factor in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) pathophysiology. Subglottic secretion drainage (SSD) aims at reducing its incidence.

Methods: Single-center prospective observational study, performed in a French intensive care unit (ICU) from March 2012 to April 2013, including adult patients mechanically ventilated for at least 24 hours divided in two groups: patients in the SSD group intubated using tracheal tubes allowing SSD and patients in the control group intubated with standard tracheal tubes.

The next generation of rapid point-of-care testing identification tools for ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a frequent issue in intensive care units (ICU), with a major impact on morbidity, mortality and cost of care. VAP diagnosis remains challenging: traditional culture-based microbiological techniques are still the gold-standard, but are too slow to enable clinicians to improve prognosis with timely antimicrobial therapy adjustment. Prolonged exposure to inappropriate antibiotics has also been shown to increase the incidence of multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDROs).