Amylase activity across black soldier fly larvae development and feeding substrates: insights on starch digestibility and external digestion.

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL; Hermetia illucens) hold promise for converting biowaste into proteins and lipids for feed. Dietary starch is efficiently digested by the larvae and influences larval performance, but the mechanisms of starch digestion remain poorly understood. This study investigated changes in individual weight and amylase activity in BSFL after 4, 7 and 11 days of feeding for five substrates varying in starch content and type: chicken feed (CF), corn gluten feed (CGF), wheat bran (WB), wheat distillers grain (WDG) and discarded potatoes (DP).

The relevance of tumor target expression levels on IgA-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer immunotherapy.

Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, particularly the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors, have reignited interest in targeted monoclonal antibodies for immunotherapy. Antibody therapies aim to minimize on-target, off-tumor toxicity by targeting antigens overexpressed on tumor cells but not on healthy cells. Despite considerable efforts, some therapeutic antibodies have been linked to dose-limiting side effects.

Targeted inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 using 9-ING-41 (elraglusib) enhances CD8 T-cell-reactivity against neuroblastoma cells.

The prognosis of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma remains poor, partly due to inadequate immune recognition of the tumor. Neuroblastomas display extremely low surface MHC-I, preventing recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and contributing to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) is involved in pathways that may affect the MHC-I antigen processing and presentation pathway.

Outcome of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Not Altered With Transatlantic Airplane Transfer: A Bicentric Matched Case-control Study.

Objective: It is recommended that ruptured cerebral aneurysms are treated in a high-volume center within 72 hours of ictus. We assessed the impact of long-distance aeromedical evacuation in patients presenting aSAH.

Methods: This case-control study compared patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) who had a 6750 km air transfer from Guadeloupe (a Caribbean island) to Paris, France, for neurointerventional management in a tertiary center with a matched cohort from Paris region treated in the same center over a 10-year period (2010 to 2019).

Comparison of a Whole-Brain Contrast-Enhanced 3D TSE T1WI versus Orbits Contrast-Enhanced 2D Coronal T1WI at 3T MRI for the Detection of Optic Nerve Enhancement in Patients with Acute Loss of Visual Acuity.

Background And Purpose: MR imaging is the technique of choice for patients presenting with acute loss of visual acuity with no obvious ophthalmologic cause. The goal of our study was to compare orbits contrast-enhanced 2D coronal T1WI with a whole-brain contrast-enhanced 3D (WBCE-3D) TSE T1WI at 3T for the detection of optic nerve enhancement.

Materials And Methods: This institutional review board-approved retrospective single-center study included patients presenting with acute loss of vision who underwent 3T MR imaging from November 2014 to February 2020.

Long-term clinical and ultrasound follow-up after transient perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome: a multicenter study.

Background: The present study aimed to describe the clinical and ultrasound (US) long-term follow-up of patients with transient perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome and the risk of recurrence.

Methods: We enrolled patients with a definitive diagnosis of TIPIC syndrome who were included in a retrospective multicenter study. These patients were recontacted at least six months after the first TIPIC episode for a clinical and imaging follow-up.

First-ever acute ischemic strokes in HIV-infected persons: A case-control study from stroke units.

Objective: The stroke risk for persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIVs) doubled compared to uninfected individuals. Stroke-unit (SU)-access, acute reperfusion therapy-use and outcome data on PLHIVs admitted for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are scarce.

Methods: AIS patients admitted (01 January 2017 to 31 January 2021) to 10 representative Paris-area SUs were screened retrospectively from the National Hospitalization Database.

Attachment patterns, self-compassion, and coping strategies in patients with chronic pain.

Introduction: In the recent year's literature, attachment insecurity is described as a vulnerability factor among patients with chronic pain, associated with poor pain coping, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, greater pain intensity, and disability. Self-compassion, on the other hand, is described as a protective factor, associated with lower levels of negative affect, catastrophizing, depression, and anxiety in patients with chronic pain.

Methods: In this study, we aim to explore the association between attachment, self-compassion quality, and coping strategies, in patients with chronic pain.

Strategies to overcome low MHC-I expression in paediatric and adult tumours.

Immunotherapy has made significant advancements in cancer treatments, improving patients' survival rates and quality of life. Several challenges still need to be addressed, which include the considerable fraction of incomplete curative responses in cancer patients, the development of therapy resistance by tumours, and the occurrence of adverse effects, such as inflammatory and autoimmune complications. Paediatric tumours usually exhibit lower responsiveness to immunotherapies compared to adult tumours.

Reproducibility and accuracy of vessel wall MRI in diagnosing giant cell arteritis: a study with readers of varying expertise.

Objective: To evaluate the reproducibility of vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) in diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA) among groups of radiologists with varying levels of expertise.

Methods: This institutional review board-approved retrospective single-center study recruited patients with suspected GCA between December 2014 and September 2021. Patients underwent 3 -T VW-MRI before temporal artery biopsy.

Tibia Valga Correction by Extraperiosteal Fibular Release in Multiple Exostosis Disease.

Genu valgum is a frequent deformity encountered in Multiple Hereditary Exostosis (MHE) patients. If left untreated, lower limb deformity leads to poor functional outcomes in adulthood. Our hypothesis was that in some cases, fibular shortening would lead to a lateral epiphysiodesis-like effect on the tibia.

Incidence and risk factors for secondary extralaryngeal dystonia in patients with laryngeal dystonia.

Background And Objectives: Laryngeal dystonia (LD) is a focal dystonia affecting adductor and/or abductor muscles of the larynx. It can be isolated or may spread to extra laryngeal muscles. The aim of this study was to report the characteristics of LD over time in a large single-center study with a long follow-up.

Local budesonide therapy in the management of persistent hyposmia in suspected non-severe COVID-19 patients: Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Consequences of COVID-19 on olfactory functions remained unclear during the pandemic. We assessed the efficacy of local budesonide in addition to olfactory rehabilitation when managing non-severe COVID-19 patients with persistent hyposmia.

Methods: A multicentric, randomized, superiority trial was conducted (ClinicalTrials.

Quality of life and depression in Wilson's disease: a large prospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder due to a mutation of the ATP7B gene, resulting in impaired hepatic copper excretion and accumulation in various tissues. Lifelong decoppering treatments are the keystone of the treatment. These treatments can prevent, stabilize, or reverse the symptoms making WD a chronic disease.

Outcome of Patients Treated by Intravitreal Injections During the COVID-19 Lockdown: An Institutional Experience.

Purpose: To determine the loss of follow-up ratio and reasons during the COVID-19 lockdown in patients with retinal diseases treated by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections and to report the visual outcome and rate of complications of these patients 1 year after the end of the lockdown.

Methods: This is a prospective descriptive cohort study (NCT04395859) conducted at the Rothschild Foundation Hospital - Paris between April 2020 and May 2021. Patients with retinal diseases treated by repeated intravitreal anti-VEGF injections (IVI) since before October 2019 were included.

Information Complexity Ranking: A New Method of Ranking Images by Algorithmic Complexity.

Predicting how an individual will perceive the visual complexity of a piece of information is still a relatively unexplored domain, although it can be useful in many contexts such as for the design of human-computer interfaces. We propose here a new method, called Information Complexity Ranking (ICR) to rank objects from the simplest to the most complex. It takes into account both their intrinsic complexity (in the algorithmic sense) with the Kolmogorov complexity and their similarity to other objects using the work of Cilibrasi and Vitanyi on the normalized compression distance (NCD).

Atypical Foveal Hypoplasia in Best Disease.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of foveal hypoplasia (also called fovea plana) in patients with Best disease using spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCT-A).

Design: A retrospective observational study including patients diagnosed with Best disease.

Subjects And Participants: Fifty-nine eyes of thirty-two patients (fifteen females (46.

MHCII expression on gut macrophages supports T cell homeostasis and is regulated by microbiota and ontogeny.

Macrophages are traditionally considered antigen-presenting cells. However, their ability to present antigen and the factors regulating macrophage MHCII expression are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that MHCII expression on murine intestinal macrophages is differentially controlled by their residence in the small intestine (SI) or the colon, their ontogeny and the gut microbiota.

"En Face" Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography versus Multifocal Electroretinogram in Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy Screening.

Introduction: The performance of "en face" optical coherence tomography (OCT) in screening for chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy has not been largely explored. The aim of this study was to determine the concordance of "en face" OCT with multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) in screening for CQ/HCQ retinopathy.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study conducted at the Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, between August 2016 and February 2021.

Athletic children: Guidelines and monitoring in pediatric orthopedic surgery.

In day-to-day practice pediatric orthopedic surgeons often come up against the question of sport. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between sport and childhood, with 3 questions: (1) What are the benefits of sport for children? (2) How to manage high-level child athletes? And (3) What sports are possible after major orthopedic surgery? Sports provide many benefits for children, and are to be encouraged. Sixty minutes' moderate to intense physical activity per day benefits motor development and bone mineralization and reduces the risk of obesity.

A signature of structural MRI features at 3 Tesla allows an accurate characterization of orbital cavernous venous malformation.

Objectives: To differentiate OCVM from other orbital lesions using structural MRI.

Methods: This IRB-approved a historical-prospective cohort single-center analysis of a prospective cohort that included consecutive adult patients presenting with an orbital lesion undergoing a 3T MRI before surgery from December 2015 to May 2021. Two readers blinded to all data read all MRIs assessing structural MRI characteristics.