Background: Male sexuality plays a crucial role in determining the overall quality of life, and it involves complex interactions between physical systems and psychosocial dimensions. Erectile dysfunction (ED) has a particularly notable impact on men's well-being, especially among those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study's aim was to explore the prevalence of ED and its associated factors in men with HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWith the COVID-19 pandemic, behavioural scientists aimed to illuminate reasons why people comply with (or not) large-scale cooperative activities. Here we investigated the motives that underlie support for COVID-19 preventive behaviours in a sample of 12,758 individuals from 34 countries. We hypothesized that the associations of empathic prosocial concern and fear of disease with support towards preventive COVID-19 behaviours would be moderated by trust in the government.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: HIV-related stigma is associated with worse health outcomes and lower adherence to antiretroviral therapy. There is limited data on the stigma faced by Latin American cisgender women, although they are among the populations most affected by HIV. This study aims to provide insight into the Stigma Index Brazil, with the objective of estimating the prevalence of HIV-related stigma among cisgender women in Brazil and to investigate the role of low socioeconomic status in stigma experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal health crises such as the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have highlighted the unique value of scientific research in the realm of public health and related disciplines. Although we have witnessed rapid growth in scientific output in the past years, concerns regarding scientific rigor and research integrity also emerged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Understanding social determinants is crucial for implementing preventive strategies, especially for low birth weight (LBW)-a public health issue that severely increases the risk of morbimortality in children.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with LBW among newborns, assisted by the Brazilian Unified Health System.
Design And Setting: It analyzed data from newborns and their mothers.
The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, affecting nearly 50% of the world population. HPV can lead to tissue damage and is associated with many types of cancers. Healthcare professionals' knowledge regarding HPV infection are essential in assuring favorable outcomes for those exposed to HPV, either in prevention or in intervention efforts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Community Health
August 2023
Correctional workers form a high-priority group for tuberculosis control measures because of their high exposure and risk. This cross-sectional study conducted in April and May 2022 included 71 criminal police officers from the State Penitentiary of Francisco Beltrão-PR, Brazil. Their sociodemographic and laboratory data were collected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This cross-sectional study was carried out to identify the associations between working and health conditions among prison officers at a state prison in Paraná, Brazil.
Material And Method: A proportional and stratified random sample of 125 individuals was used. The participants, who were not identified, completed a self-administered questionnaire.
Hepatitis B viral infection (HBV) in prisons poses serious public health challenges because it significantly contributes to the increase in both morbidity and mortality indicators worldwide. Research has shown high HBV prevalence among inmates when compared to the general population. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of HBV exposure and its risk factors among 1,132 inmates detained in high security institutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To investigate, through a systematic review, the efficiency of the clinical application of probiotic and prebiotic supplements in reducing the symptoms of lactose intolerance (LI).
Methods: This systematic review was conducted without limits for publication time and followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The study was registered at the PROSPERO platform (CRD42022295691).
Objective: To determine the prevalence of HPV and investigate factors associated with the infection in women in the city of Francisco Beltrão, southwest Paraná, attending the public health system.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 324 women, aged between 18 and 65Â years, who were attending public health services for routine gynecological consultation. Interviews were conducted to obtain information about socioeconomic, sexual, gynecological, and life habits.
Objective: The Brazilian state of Paraná has suffered from COVID-19 effects, understanding predictors of increased mortality in health system interventions prevent hospitalisation of patients. We selected the best models to evaluate the association of death with demographic characteristics, symptoms and comorbidities based on three levels of clinical severity for COVID-19: non-hospitalised, hospitalised non-ICU ward and ICU ward.
Design: Cross-sectional survey using binomial mixed models.
Risk perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are considered important as they impact community health behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 and to assess the factors associated with such risk perceptions among community members in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia, and South America. An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 LMICs in Africa, Asia, and South America from February to May 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. It affects people regardless of gender and age, causing genital warts and cancer.
Objective: To evaluate university students' knowledge of HPV and its relationship with head and neck and oral cancers.
Background: Important risk factors for the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world, human papillomavirus (HPV), include early sexual activity, use of contraceptives, tobacco smoking, and immunological and genetic factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and HPV infection and associated risk factors in a group of women assisted in the public health system of southwestern Paraná, Brazil.
Methods And Results: A case-control study was designed with 21 women with HPV matched by age in the case group and 84 women without the virus in the control group.
Vaccine hesitancy is considered as one of the greatest challenges to control the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A related challenge is the unwillingness of the general public to pay for vaccination. The objective of this study was to determine willingness-to-pay (WTP) for COVID-19 vaccine among individuals from ten low- middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and South America.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine hesitancy is considered one of the greatest threats to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs. Lack of trust in vaccine benefits, along with concerns about side effects of the newly developed COVID-19 vaccine, might significantly contribute to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this study was to determine the level of vaccine hesitancy among communities in particular their belief in vaccination benefits and perceived risks of new vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis investigation sought to identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) among Brazilian medical doctors (BS) and the associations with risk factors and protective factors. Out of 206 registered MD from a medium-sized municipality, 121 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling was used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
November 2021
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Considering the disruptions imposed by lockdowns and social distancing recommendations, coupled with overwhelmed healthcare systems, researchers worldwide have been exploring drug repositioning strategies for treating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Objective: To compile results from randomized clinical trials on the effect of dexamethasone, compared with standard treatment for management of SARS-CoV-2.
Design And Setting: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in a Brazilian public university.
Older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have higher risks for early manifestations of age-related disabilities. The objective of this study was to compare HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults aged ≥50 years in relation to sociodemographic, behavioral, and geriatric characteristics. A case-control study was conducted with a >90% estimated statistical power.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective:: To investigate the unique contribution of narcissism and impulsivity, in addition to callous-unemotional (CU) traits, in explaining concurrent prosocial and antisocial behavior.
Method:: Two hundred and forty-nine schoolchildren (53% female; age 9-12 years) completed the self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD). Two statistical models were tested, predicting conduct problems (CP) and prosocial behavior (PB).
Objective: To compare adolescents with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with regard to quality of life and to investigate the association between quality of life and clinical characteristics.
Methods: Participants were recruited from an epidemiological study conducted at high schools in the city of Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The sample comprised 75 adolescents with OCD and 150 without the disorder, aged between 14 and 18 years.