Assessment of professional identity formation: a transcultural validation of the professional identity essay for brazilian portuguese.

Introduction: Professional identity formation (PIF) is recognized worldwide as an outcome of medical education grounded in the psychology of adult development and the literature on medical professionalism. However, instruments to assess and support PIF are scarce. The Professional Identity Essay (PIE) is an open-ended question assessment of PIF that elicits short narrative responses from learners and that can be analyzed to provide formative feedback and an overall stage of development.

Ischemic preconditioning influence ventricular function in off-pump revascularization surgery.

Background: Ischemic preconditioning is a method that prepares and protects cells to tolerate a long period of ischemia with the least possible injury.

Objectives: Evaluate the influence of ischemic preconditioning over left ventricular function during off-pump myocardial revascularization.

Method: Forty patients with clinical indication for off-pump myocardial revascularization were randomized in two groups, with or without ischemic preconditioning.